Workplace Resilience and Stress Among Certified Nursing Assistants in Long-Term Care Institutions During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

PURPOSE: To explore the relationship among resilience, stress, and demographic factors in certified nursing assistants (CNAs) who worked in long-term care institutions during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHOD: A cross-sectional correlation-based research design was used. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Occupational Stress Scale. CNAs from 21 long-term care institutions in Taiwan were recruited. RESULTS: This study included 118 female and 26 male CNAs (response rate = 80%). Mean age was 46.8 years. A moderately negative correlation was found between workplace resilience and stress. Overall, being a woman and parent were found to be significantly correlated with CNAs' resilience. Furthermore, resilience and shift work were important predictors of stress. CONCLUSION: We suggest that leadership and management pay more attention to CNAs' basic demographic background information. Furthermore, timely, relevant strategies can be provided to enhance resilience and reduce workplace stress. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50(7), 19-26.].

Examining the Factors Affecting Psychological Well-Being in Certified Nurse Aides Working at Long-Term Care Institutions.

BACKGROUND: The demand for certified nurse aides (CNAs) in long-term care institutions is gradually increasing. Factors such as well-being that positively influence the work of CNAs have been inadequately explored in the literature. PURPOSE: This study was designed to examine the relationships among social support, self-efficacy, demographics, and psychological well-being in CNAs during the recent COVID-19 pandemic and to assess the moderating role of social support on self-efficacy and well-being in this population. METHODS: In this quantitative correlational study, CNAs from 24 legally registered long-term care institutions were recruited as participants. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Social Support Scale, and the Chinese Happiness Inventory. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses model. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist was followed in this cross-sectional study. RESULTS: A total of 148 CNAs were enrolled as participants. The mean age of the participants was 46.48 years. Social support and having children were identified as being significantly and positively correlated with well-being, and self-efficacy was identified as having no significant impact on well-being. Importantly, social support was found to moderate the relationship between self-efficacy and well-being. Overall, social support and having children were important predictors of well-being, with a combined explanatory power of 41.6% ( Q2 = .28, f2 = 0.40). CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Self-efficacy was found to be less predictive of well-being in the presence of higher levels of social support. Being a parent was also identified as an important factor affecting the well-being of CNAs under stress. Managers of long-term care institutions should intervene to improve the CNA's social support. Also, CNAs who do not have children should pay more attention to their well-being.

Factors associated with the teaching of sleep hygiene to patients in nursing students.

Teaching patients about sleep hygiene is a common practice in nursing. This study investigated the relationships of nursing students' sleep quality, sleep knowledge, and attitudes toward sleep hygiene with the teaching of sleep hygiene to patients with sleep disorders. A descriptive correlational design was adopted to investigate 258 nursing students from 2 nursing schools in different regions of Taiwan. A series of self-developed and standardized questionnaires was used to collect data. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of nursing students' teaching patients about sleep hygiene. The overall response rate was 92.8%. A total of 63.6% of the participants taught their patients about sleep hygiene. The findings reveal that the participants were generally less knowledgeable about sleep, particularly in the aspect of sleep hygiene. Those with higher sleep quality, more knowledge about sleep, and more positive attitudes toward sleep hygiene were more likely to teach their patients about sleep hygiene. Sleep quality, sleep knowledge, and attitudes toward sleep hygiene were independent predictors of nursing students' teaching patients about sleep hygiene. The study findings suggest that educators and clinical preceptors may develop effective strategies, such as relaxation, to improve nursing students' sleep quality and integrate sleep education into nursing curricula to further advance the students' sleep knowledge in educational programs and practice.

The link of sexual sensation seeking to acceptance of cybersex, multiple sexual partners, and one-night stands among Taiwanese college students.

BACKGROUND: Young people in Taiwan have become more liberal and active toward sex. Despite heavy investments of money, time, and effort, sexual education programs have generally lagged expectations. PURPOSE: Personality traits such as sexual sensation seeking are found to be significantly associated with risky sexual behaviors. This study, therefore, attempts to explore the link of sexual sensation seeking to acceptance by Taiwanese college students of cybersex, multiple sexual partners, and one-night stands. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the multistage cluster sampling method. Five hundred sixteen students recruited from eight universities/colleges in Taiwan participated in this study, and 507 completed the self-report questionnaire. The valid response rate was 98.26%. RESULTS: The results reveal that high-sexual-sensation seekers were more likely than low-sexual-sensation seekers to accept cybersex, multiple sexual partners, and one-night stands. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This study suggests that the designers of campus-based health prevention campaigns should target campaign messages on high-sexual-sensation seekers using novel, thrilling, and complex messages to achieve safe sex educational campaign goals.

Searching for reintegration: life experiences of people with schizophrenia.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to understand how people with chronic schizophrenia live with their illness experiences. BACKGROUND: Schizophrenic clients in Taiwan have reported ineffective community care. As a long-term deteriorating disorder, schizophrenia represents an important issue for healthcare providers. DESIGN: The research was conducted using an interpretative phenomenological approach, which stresses meaning and people's relationships with their surrounding world. METHODS: Purposeful homogeneous sampling was used to recruit 15 participants who were interviewed individually. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was applied to the data. RESULTS: The superordinate theme that emerged from this study was 'searching for reintegration'. Reflecting on, living with and learning from illness experiences represented a dynamic process for participants to reintegrate their lives. By reflecting on the suffering associated with their psychological experiences, participants were able to engage in developing different strategies to cope with schizophrenia. This learning process enabled them to believe in, and value, their lives. CONCLUSION: Psychological experiences can break down people's inner worlds, but also open up possibilities for self-renewal. The cultural context exerts a powerful influence on the psychological comfort of people with schizophrenia and is therefore an area of possible concern. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: This research focused on reintegrating process of people with schizophrenia and developing culturally sensitive nursing care.

The Chinese version of the Facts on Aging Quiz scale: reliability and validity assessment.

BACKGROUND: The use of health care services by older adults is increasing with the aging of the population. It is therefore essential that health care workers are current in their knowledge about gerontology; thus, educational programs regarding the care of elders are essential. Chinese-language assessments to measure knowledge about gerontology and aging and attitudes toward older adults are lacking. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to measure the reliability and validity of a Chinese-language version of Palmore's facts on aging quiz (FAQ 1). METHOD: Cronbach's alpha, construct validity, content validity and convergent validity of the Chinese version of the FAQ 1 were assessed. A sample of 220 student nurses was recruited. Part of the sample (n=125; Group A) was comprised of experienced nurses who had returned to school for advanced degrees. The remaining 95 participants were first-year undergraduate students without prior work experience (Group B). The FAQ 1 was administered to all participants. The Chinese-language version of Kogan's Attitudes toward Older People (KAOP) was also administered to assess convergent validity of the FAQ 1. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha of the FAQ was 0.68, content validity was 0.82, and construct validity and convergent validity were acceptable. Group A had more correct answers on each item than Group B, indicating that students with prior work experience with the elderly were more knowledgeable regarding older people and aging. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of the assessment, the Chinese version of FAQ 1 is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring students' or health care providers' knowledge about older people.