Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) as a promising tool in pharmaceutical nanotechnology.

Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is a technique for evaluating the thermodynamic profiles of connection between two molecules, allowing the experimental design of nanoparticles systems with drugs and/or biological molecules. Taking into account the relevance of ITC, we conducted, therefore, an integrative revision of the literature, from 2000 to 2023, on the main purposes of using this technique in pharmaceutical nanotechnology. The search were carried out in the Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Web of Science, and Scifinder databases using the descriptors "Nanoparticles", "Isothermal Titration Calorimetry", and "ITC". We have observed that the ITC technique has been increasingly used in pharmaceutical nanotechnology, seeking to understand the interaction mechanisms in the formation of nanoparticles. Additionally, to understand the behavior of nanoparticles with biological materials (proteins, DNA, cell membranes, among others), thereby helping to understand the behavior of nanocarriers in vivo studies. As a contribution, we intended to reveal the importance of ITC in the laboratory routine, which is itself a quick and easy technique to obtain relevant results that help to optimize the nanosystems formulation process.

Effect of zymomonas mobilis probiotic on cholesterol and its lipoprotein fractions and the intestinal regulation.

Zymomonas mobilis have characteristics that classify it as probiotic. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of regular consumption of fermented broth of this strain on the intestinal function of individuals with changes in intestinal transit. This is a randomized, descriptive and quantitative clinical trial, a sample composed of undergraduate students from a university center in Caruaru. After screening for individuals with constipation according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 13 agreed to participate in the study. They were divided into groups: group 1 received Zymomonas mobilis fermented broth once a day; group 2 also received the fermented broth in the same concentration cells being twice a day; group 3 received cell-free fermented broth once daily; and group 4, placebo, received saline once daily, all groups drank for fifteen days, and laboratory tests were performed to check lipid profile before and after that period. Observed an increase in evacuation days in all groups averaged in media 7.0-10.5 days. Groups 1 and 2 showed an increase in total cholesterol (0.5% and 5.0%, respectively), HDL cholesterol (4.1% and 24.1%), LDL cholesterol (4.9% and 8.4%), VLDL cholesterol (17.9% and 11.2%) and triglycerides (19.1% and 27.9%). In group 3, there was a reduction of total cholesterol (-2.4%), LDL cholesterol (-11.2%), VLDL cholesterol (-15.9%), triglycerides (-27.7%) and increase in HDL cholesterol (25.7%). Thus, the broth fermented with Zymomonas mobilis regulated the intestinal transit, but did not improve the lipid profile, while the without cells broth showed a better lipid profile.

Nanoparticles in the Use of Natural Products for the Treatment of Lung Cancer / Nanopartículas en el empleo de productos naturales para el tratamiento del cáncer de pulmón

Objective: Carry out a bibliographical survey about the use of nanoparticles in the delivery of natural products for the treatment of lung cancer. Methods: A bibliographic review was made using the descriptors "Nanoparticles", "Biological Products" and "Lung Neoplasms", through the databases ScienceDirect, PubMed and SciELO, in the period from 2009 to 2018. Results: After analyzing the articles according to the inclusion criteria, we obtained 31 articles, of which 25.81% refer to natural products in the treatment of lung cancer, 29.03% to nanoparticles in the treatment of lung cancer and 45.16 % to nanoparticles as carriers of natural products for the treatment of lung cancer. Conclusion: The use of nanoparticles allows the delivery of natural products, increasing their therapeutic properties against lung cancer cells, and decreasing the side effects of these highly toxic agents

Objetivo: Realizar un estudio bibliográfico sobre el uso de nanopartículas en el transporte de productos naturales para el tratamiento del cáncer de pulmón. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica utilizando los descriptores "Nanoparticles", "Biological Products" y "Lung Neoplasms", a través de las bases de datos ScienceDirect, PubMed y SciELO, en el período comprendido entre 2009 y 2018. Resultados: Después del análisis de los artículos de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión, obtuvimos 31 artículos, de los cuales 25.81% hacían referencia a productos naturales en el tratamiento del cáncer de pulmón, el 29.03% a nanopartículas en el tratamiento del cáncer de pulmón y un 45.16 % a nanopartículas como agentes transportadores de productos naturales para el tratamiento del cáncer de pulmón. Conclusión: El uso de nanopartículas permite el transporte de productos naturales, aumentando sus propiedades terapéuticas contra las células de cáncer de pulmón, además de disminuir los efectos secundarios de estos agentes altamente tóxicos

Toxic effects of antineoplastic therapy in patients breast cancer in Caruaru-PE oncology center / Efectos tóxicos de la terapia antineoplásica en pacientes cáncer de mama en el centro de oncología Caruaru-PE

Objective: to evaluate the main clinical symptoms associated with the toxic effects of antineoplastic therapy in women with breast cancer at a cancer treatment center in the city of Caruaru/PE. Methods: This is an analytical and transversal study with a quantitative approach, carried out between September and December 2017, whose data source was the medical records of the patients included in the study. Results: the majority of the sample consisted of women aged between 41 and 50 years (28.6%). This study made it possible to identify the most frequent histological type of breast cancer, with invasive ductal carcinoma observed in 88.6% and the most used protocol was Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide and Paclitaxel. Alopecia (91.4%) was the main adverse event observed in patients. Conclusion: it was possible to verify that the observation of these effects, allows a better control during the therapy, enabling improvement of the time and quality of life

Objetivo: evaluar los principales síntomas clínicos asociados con los efectos tóxicos de la terapia antineoplásica en mujeres con cáncer de mama en un centro de tratamiento del cáncer en la ciudad de Caruaru/PE. Métodos: este es un estudio analítico y transversal con un enfoque cuantitativo, realizado entre septiembre y diciembre de 2017, cuya fuente de datos fueron las historias clínicas de los pacientes incluidos en el estudio. Resultados: la mayor parte de la muestra estuvo formada por mujeres de 41 a 50 años (28,6%). Este estudio permitió identificar el tipo histológico más frecuente de cáncer de mama, con un carcinoma ductal invasivo observado en el 88,6% y el protocolo más utilizado fue la doxorubicina, la ciclofosfamida y el paclitaxel. La alopecia (91,4%) fue el principal evento adverso observado en los pacientes. Conclusión: fue posible verificar que la observación de estos efectos permite un mejor control durante la terapia, lo que permite mejorar el tiempo y la calidad de la vida

Adverse reactions for the use of the monoclonal trastuzumab antibody in the treatment of patients with HER2 positive breast cancer / Reacciones adversas por el uso del anticuerpo monoclonal trastuzumab en el tratamiento de pacientes con cáncer de mama HER2 positivo

Objective: identify the main adverse reactions presented by patients with HER2 positive breast cancer from an outpatient clinic specialized in chemotherapy in the city of Caruaru-PE, after the use of Trastuzumab. Methods: The data were obtained through the analysis of the medical records of the patients attended at the outpatient clinic from January 2015 to December 2016. Results: Twenty-four patients were selected, of whom 12.5% presented cardiotoxicity and 4.16% presented abdominal pain, nausea among other adverse events. Conclusion: Identifying such adverse events makes it possible to better assist the oncological patient and to better adhesion to the treatment. Because they are specific target drugs, few studies are concerned with evaluating these adverse events, which often makes clinical care difficult

Objetivo: identificar las principales reacciones adversas presentadas por pacientes con cáncer de mama HER2 positivo desde una clínica ambulatoria especializada en quimioterapia en la ciudad de Caruaru- PE (Brasil), después del uso de Trastuzumab. Métodos: los datos se obtuvieron mediante el análisis de los registros médicos de los pacientes atendidos en la consulta externa entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2016. Resultados: se seleccionaron 24 pacientes, de los cuales 12.5% presentaron cardiotoxicidad y 4.16% presentaron dolor abdominal, náuseas entre otros eventos adversos. Conclusión: la identificación de tales eventos adversos permite una mejor asistencia al paciente oncológico y una mejor adhesión al tratamiento. Debido a que son medicamentos específicos, pocos estudios se preocupan por evaluar estos efectos adversos, lo que a menudo dificulta la atención clínica