[Practice and Niches of Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs) in Psychiatric and Mental Health Care].

The current expansion in role responsibilities of advanced practice nurses (APNs) stems from the current change in public health needs. Advanced nursing education enables APNs to respond promptly to current health needs while expanding the scope of nursing practice. As a result, APNs have obtained recognition and acceptance from the public. The "clinical nurse specialist" in psychiatric care was a pioneering example of APNs in the United States. These specialists not only led the vigorous development of contemporary psychiatric nursing but also advanced the nursing profession as a whole. This article aims to elucidate the role practice of and future opportunities for advanced psychiatric mental health nurses. Using examples of "applying evidence-based care to solve complex practice issues", this article demonstrates the role functions of advanced psychiatric mental health nursing and outlines potential niche opportunities for this field.

[Incorporating Anti-Stigma Training Into Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Education].

Anti-stigma interventions have become important worldwide in light of the negative consequences that the stigma of mental illness has on the recovery to health of individuals with mental illness as well as on general quality of care and public mental health. Thus, psychiatric mental health nursing courses are being targeted with early anti-stigma interventions to improve related awareness and skills among future nurses. This article firstly elaborates on the importance of the stigma issue in psychiatric care and assesses the empirical effectiveness of anti-stigma interventions in psychiatric mental health nursing education. Next, a pedagogical exemplar of integrating a "recovery patients as educators" and anti-stigma intervention into an innovative psychiatric mental health nursing course is demonstrated. Community psychiatric patients, who traditionally receive passive care from healthcare providers, were invited to attend psychiatric mental health courses with the goal of becoming educators in their communities. These courses offer nursing students and patients opportunities to interact as equals and helps these students become aware of their values, attitudes, and prejudices with regard to mental illness. This approach may help reframe their experience and learning, and guide them to clarify and integrate anti-stigma values and attitudes into their work and life. Through such experience sharing, nursing educators may be expected to brainstorm and implement the pedagogical value of anti-stigma.

A qualitative study of women of color group psychotherapists: The wellspring of collective healing.

Understanding the psychological health of women of color (WOC) in a racialized and gendered society requires accessing, validating, and processing the lived experiences and emotions that stem from interlocking systems of oppression. Despite the importance of responding to the psychological health needs of this population, the group therapy literature on how to design and facilitate group therapy for women of color remains limited. For this reason, the present research aims to identify group therapy-oriented experiences based on data provided by ten women of color group psychotherapists practicing in the United States. Findings from the consensual qualitative research (Hill, 2012) revealed six domains: (a) group development, (b) personal and professional significance, (c) group facilitation behaviors, (d) perceived healing factors, (e) challenges, and (f) advice. Suggestions for future research and recommendations for women of color groups positioned as a wellspring of empowerment, liberation, and psychological health are also discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Healthcare career intervention with youth in a predominantly Latinx rural community: a pilot study of a creative approach.

The present study discusses a pilot intervention for youth in a predominantly Latinx rural community in the U.S. The intervention incorporated multimodal creative activities into the social cognitive career theory-based healthcare career program. Participants (N = 75) were assessed for healthcare career self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and interests (pre-/post-intervention). Their healthcare career task self-efficacy and interests scores significantly increased overall. By race/ethnicity groups, however, only White students reported an increase in healthcare interests, and only students of color an increase in healthcare career task self-efficacy. This provides preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of the proposed intervention. Implications for services and research are discussed.

Intervention de carrière dans le domaine des soins de santé auprès des jeunes dans une communauté rurale à prédominance latine: Une étude pilote d'une approche créative La présente étude porte sur une intervention pilote destinée aux jeunes d'une communauté rurale à prédominance latine aux États-Unis. L'intervention a intégré des activités créatives multimodales dans le programme de carrière en soins de santé basé sur la théorie sociale cognitive des carrières. Les participant·e·s (N = 75) ont été évalué·e·s sur leur sentiment d'efficacité personnelle dans les soins, leurs attentes en matière de résultats et leurs intérêts (avant et après l'intervention). Les résultats du sentiment d'efficacité personnelle des tâches et des intérêts de leur carrière dans le domaine de la santé ont augmenté de manière significative dans l'ensemble. Toutefois, par groupe racial ou ethnique, seul·e·s les étudiant·e·s blancs ont signalé une augmentation de leurs intérêts pour les soins de santé, et seul·e·s les étudiant·e·s de couleur ont signalé une augmentation de leur sentiment d'efficacité personnelle dans les tâches liées aux soins de santé. Cela fournit des preuves préliminaires de l'efficacité de l'intervention proposée. Les implications pour les services et la recherche sont discutées.

Intervención en la carrera de atención médica con jóvenes en una comunidad rural predominantemente latina: un estudio piloto de un enfoque creativo El presente estudio analiza una intervención piloto para jóvenes en una comunidad rural predominantemente latina en los EE. UU. La intervención incorporó actividades creativas multimodales en el programa de carrera de atención médica basado en el enfoque socio-cognitivo de la carrera. Se evaluó a los participantes (N = 75) en cuanto a la percepción de la autoeficacia para la carrera sanitaria, las expectativas de resultados y los intereses (antes y después de la intervención). Sus puntuaciones de percepción de autoeficacia e intereses en las tareas de la carrera sanitaria aumentaron significativamente en general. Sin embargo, por grupos de raza / etnia, solo los estudiantes blancos mostraron un aumento en los intereses relacionados con la atención médica, y solo en los estudiantes de color se observó un incremento en la percepción de autoeficacia para las tareas profesionales de la salud. Esto proporciona evidencia preliminar de la efectividad de la intervención propuesta. Se discuten las implicaciones para los servicios y la investigación.

[Interdisciplinary Application of Smart Technology in Psychiatric Care].

The popularization of smart technology is a global phenomenon. The increasing ubiquity of smartphones offers the potential to apply smart technology in areas such as healthcare and behavioral change interventions. Mobile health services may enhance the effectiveness and resolve the shortcomings of traditional medical services, which cannot continuously and instantly track changes in disease symptoms. The popularity of mobile phones has led to the emergence of mobile health applications. Mobile health applications use active and passive methods to collect data and transmit information. Studies have confirmed the feasibility and acceptance of these applications in assessing and detecting diseases and in mental health interventions. In this article, the limitations of traditional psychiatric medical diagnosis and the opportunity to develop mobile health using information and communication technology are discussed, and related empirical research on using smart technology to evaluate and detect symptoms is explored using the example of bipolar disorders. In addition, the benefits and future prospects of onset alert and the development of healthcare models for action are highlighted. In the future, we look forward to developing mobile health applications that meet the needs of healthcare in Taiwan. Furthermore, we recommend more research and investment in related fields to accumulate more extensive empirical evidence.

Surviving and thriving: Voices of Latina/o engineering students at a Hispanic serving institution.

This study examined factors that played a role in Latina/o undergraduate students' persistence in engineering at a Hispanic serving institution (HSI; N = 10) using the consensual qualitative research method (CQR; Hill, Thompson, & Williams, 1997). Data analyses resulted in five domains: institutional conditions, additive intersectional burdens, personal and cultural wealth, coping skills, and engineering identity. Participants described how they persisted in the face of stressors, citing specific coping skills they developed over time as well as general personal and cultural strengths they carried with them into their pursuit of engineering. Although the structures of the students' institution were generally described as supportive, Latina participants reported experiences with gendered racism that created added barriers to their persistence in engineering. Supportive institutional conditions, personal and cultural assets, and adaptive coping strategies appeared to facilitate the development of a strong engineering identity, which helped to solidify students' sense of belonging, pride, and commitment to complete their degree. Results highlight the need to address intersecting experiences of privilege and oppression to promote access and equity for Latinas/os in engineering. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Illness Perception as a Predictor of Foot Care Behavior Among People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia.

INTRODUCTION: Illness perception may contribute to foot care behavior because people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia may have different beliefs that influence their foot care behaviors. This study aimed to determine the relationships among foot care knowledge, illness perception, local beliefs, and foot care behaviors in people with T2DM in Indonesia. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a convenience sampling technique was used to recruit 200 people with T2DM from the Outpatient Department of Islamic Hospital. The Foot Care Knowledge, Brief Illness Perception, Local Beliefs, and Foot Self-Care Behavior questionnaires were administered. RESULTS: The predictors of foot care were having a family member or friend with diabetic foot ulcer ( p = .001), diabetes mellitus duration ( p = .026), foot care knowledge ( p < .001), consequences ( p < .001), treatment control ( p < .001), and local beliefs ( p = .017). DISCUSSION: Health care providers may cultivate a spiritual approach, providing success stories to create positive images of the disease's outcomes and increase patients' confidence to control the disease.

[A Correlational Study of the Recovery Process in Patients With Mental Illness].

BACKGROUND: The ideology of recovery addresses the autonomy of patients with mental illness and their ability to reconstruct a normal life. Empirical knowledge of this process of recovery and related factors remains unclear. PURPOSE: To assess the process of recovery and related factors in patients with mental illness. METHODS: This cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted on a convenience sample in a psychiatric hospital. Two-hundred and fifty patients with mental illness were recruited and were assessed using 3 instruments: Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery (QPR), Perceived Psychiatric Stigma Scale (PPSS), and Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ2, analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Most of the participants were male, middle-aged, unmarried, educated to the senior high school level, employed, receiving home-care treatment, and diagnosed with schizophrenia. Those who were unemployed, living in a community rehabilitative house, and living in the community, respectively, earned relatively higher recovery scores (p < .05). The total scores of QPR and the 3 subscales were negatively correlated with PPSS (p < .01) and positively correlated with PSPS (p < .01; p < .05). Multiple regression analysis indicated that the factors of education, employment, having received community rehabilitative models, and stigma, respectively, significantly explained the recovery capacity of patients with mental illness. CONCLUSIONS: Community psychiatric nurses should provide care to help employed patients adapt to stresses in the workplace, strengthen their stigma-coping strategies, and promote public awareness of mental health issues by increasing public knowledge and acceptance of mental illness in order to minimize patient-perceived stigma and facilitate their recovery.

[The Effects of Auditory Hallucination Simulation on Empathy, Knowledge, Social Distance, and Attitudes Toward Patients With Mental Illness Among Undergraduate Students: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis].

BACKGROUND: The negative attitudes of the general public toward mental illness frequently influence the integration of mental illness patients into the community. Auditory hallucination simulation may be considered as a creative teaching strategy to improve the attitudes of learners toward mental illness. However, the empirical effects of auditory hallucination simulation to change the negative attitudes toward mental illness remains uncertain. PURPOSE: To compare and analyze, using a systematic review and meta-analysis, the effectiveness of auditory hallucination simulation in improving empathy, knowledge, social distance, and attitudes toward mental illness in undergraduates. METHODS: A search using the keywords "auditory hallucination" and "simulation" and the 4 outcome indicators of empathy, knowledge, social distance, and attitudes toward mental illness was conducted to identify related articles published between 2008 and 2016 in 6 Chinese and English electronic databases, including Cochrane Library, EBSCO-CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Airiti Library. Research quality was appraised using the Modified Jadad Scale (MJS), the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Level of Evidence (OCEBM LoE), and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. RESULTS: Eleven studies were recruited, and 7 studies with sufficient data were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that hallucination simulation significantly improved the empathy and knowledge of participants, with respective effect sizes of 0.63 (95% CI [0.21, 1.05]) and 0.69 (95% CI [0.43-0.94]). However, this intervention also increased social distance, with an effect size of 0.60 (95% CI [0.01, 1.19]), and did not change attitudes toward mental illness significantly, with an effect size of 0.33 (95% CI [-0.11, 0.77]). CONCLUSIONS / IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Auditory hallucination simulation is an effective teaching strategy for improving the empathy and knowledge of undergraduates. However, related evidence for the effects of social distance and attitudes toward mental illness need to be further strengthened. Most of the extant research on this subject was conducted in the United States and Australia and was of moderate quality. Future studies should use sufficiently rigorous research designs to explore the safety issues and the effectiveness of the auditory hallucination simulation intervention in different countries and ethnic populations.

[Care of Individuals With Bipolar Disorders].

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness that is characterized by chronicity, pervasive instability, and relatively high rates of recurrence and suicide. Current evidence supports that adverse circles among hereditary and genetic factors, neuroinflamation, and social rhythm constitute a crucial etiology. Pharmacological treatment is the first priority for BD patients during the acute stage. Pharmacological and psychosocial treatments should be combined during the maintenance stage in order to help patients self-manage medication, effectively control mood swings, enhance disease self-management and social functions, decrease the risks of relapse and re-hospitalization, and stabilize overall health. The present article firstly introduces the characteristics and etiological assumptions related to BD, the related evidence-based care models and their effects, and the early development of an evidence-based care model, the BalancingMySwing group, for BD patients in Taiwan. This article provides updated information to clinicians who are involved in caring for this population. Moreover, the existing data related to biological and psychosocial factors for BD in Taiwan is insufficient and developing individual-tailored psychosocial intervention is urgently needed. The authors hope that this article will elicit greater concern for this issue from policy decision-makers and healthcare providers.

[Developing and testing the validity and reliability of the Chinese version attitudes toward mental illness scale in a sample of senior high school students].

BACKGROUND: Public attitudes toward mental illness influence the success with which patients reenter the community. An attitude instrument suitable to the Chinese cultural setting with good reliability and validity is essential to examining public attitudes toward mental illness. Exploring the perspectives of adolescents is relevant because most mental illness occurs during adolescence. PURPOSE: This study developed and tested the psychometric quality of the Chinese-version Attitudes Toward Mental Illness (CAMI) scale among senior high school students. METHODS: The original AMI was translated into Chinese using a back and forth translation method and its content validity was examined. A cross-sectional survey of 479 senior high school students was conducted to assess the construct validity, cross validity, and internal consistency of the CAMI. RESULTS: The CAMI showed adequate content validity. The confirmatory factor analysis support: the appropriateness of CAMI's original two-factor structure of negative attitude and recovery outcomes after deleting items 9 and 11; the measurement of the negative perceptions of mentally ill patients and their risks to community; and the perceptions of recovery of mentally ill patients. The construct validity and cross validity are appropriate and the internal consistency of the total scale and two subscales are acceptable (Cronbach's α: .76, .75, .81). CONCLUSIONS / IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The reliability and validity of the CAMI is appropriate for the sample of senior high students in this study. Future studies should target a broader range of people in order to establish the reliability and validity of the scale in different groups and to build up empirical knowledge on public attitudes toward mental illness. The application of this scale is expected to contribute to the development of anti-stigma interventions and to the creation of friendly communities for mentally ill patients.

[Opportunities and challenges for community healthcare center psychiatric care].

Public health nurses are the largest manpower component in community-based psychiatric care in Taiwan. However, controversies related to primary responsibility for such have erupted and must be addressed in order to ensure patients receive the most appropriate care and healthcare professionals are adequately trained and supported. This article used the STEP (social-technological-economical-political assessment) method to assess the macro-level contextual changes that have affected healthcare centers and public health nurses providing community psychiatric care as well as their role function and development. This study recommends several policy changes based on findings.

A qualitative inquiry into the Taiwanese mentally ill persons' difficulties living in the community.

Community care has been a paradigm shift for psychiatric treatment worldwide; however, it has not been successfully implemented in many developing countries, including Taiwan. This qualitative study aimed to explore the Taiwanese mentally ill persons' difficulties living in the community. Social disadvantages and illness adaptation were recognized as two domains of difficulties encountered by Taiwanese mentally ill patients living in the community, while six themes were identified: getting a "shameful" illness, unmet needs for community care, being overcome by a distorted world, denying the illness, living with the illness, and adapting to changed level of functioning. Related cultural issues were also discussed.

[Continuous care in community psychiatric mental health nursing: current state, future prospects].

On the basis of the human rights of patients with psychoses, community psychiatric mental health continuous nursing care holds the core value of "cherishing life, caring for the whole person", and integrates hospital and community medical resources, in order to improve patients' quality of life in the community. This article elaborates on the core value of continuous care in community psychiatric mental health nursing, and on its current state and future prospects, as a source of reference for further development in education and practice.