RESUMEN
Human placenta-derived multipotent stem cells (PDMCs) resembling embryonic stem cells can differentiate into three germ layer cells, including ectodermal lineage cells, such as neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. The favorable characteristics of noninvasive cell harvesting include fewer ethical, religious, and legal considerations as well as accessible and limitless supply. Thus, PDMCs are attractive for cell-based therapy. The Schwann cell (SC) is the most common cell type used for tissue engineering such as nerve regeneration. However, the differentiation potential of human PDMCs into SCs has not been demonstrated until now. In this study, we evaluated the potential of PDMCs to differentiate into SC-like cells in a differentiation medium. After induction, PDMCs not only exhibited typical SC spindle-shaped morphology but also expressed SC markers, including S100, GFAP, p75, MBP, and Sox 10, as revealed by immunocytochemistry. Moreover, a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed the elevated gene expression of S100, GFAP, p75, MBP, Sox-10, and Krox-20 after SC induction. A neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y, was cultured in the conditioned medium (CM) collected from PDMC-differentiated SCs. The growth rate of the SH-SY5Y increased in the CM, indicating the function of PDMC-induced SCs. In conclusion, human PDMCs can be differentiated into SC-like cells and thus are an attractive alternative to SCs for cell-based therapy in the future.
Asunto(s)
Colforsina/farmacología , Factor 2 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/farmacología , Células Madre Multipotentes/efectos de los fármacos , Neurregulina-1/farmacología , Factor de Crecimiento Derivado de Plaquetas/farmacología , Células de Schwann/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Medios de Cultivo Condicionados/química , Medios de Cultivo Condicionados/farmacología , Proteína 2 de la Respuesta de Crecimiento Precoz/genética , Proteína 2 de la Respuesta de Crecimiento Precoz/metabolismo , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Proteína Ácida Fibrilar de la Glía/genética , Proteína Ácida Fibrilar de la Glía/metabolismo , Humanos , Células Madre Multipotentes/citología , Células Madre Multipotentes/metabolismo , Proteína Básica de Mielina/genética , Proteína Básica de Mielina/metabolismo , Neuronas/citología , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/metabolismo , Placenta/citología , Placenta/metabolismo , Embarazo , Cultivo Primario de Células , Proteínas S100/genética , Proteínas S100/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción SOXE/genética , Factores de Transcripción SOXE/metabolismo , Células de Schwann/citología , Células de Schwann/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismoRESUMEN
In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time the technique to using microfluidics to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds with uniform pore sizes. We investigate both the bubble generation of the microfluidic device and the application of foam as a tissue engineering scaffold. Our microfluidic device consists of two concentric tapered channels, which are made by micropipettes. Nitrogen gas and aqueous alginate solution with Pluronic((R)) F127 surfactant are pumped through the inner and the outer channels, respectively. We observe rich dynamic patterns of bubbles encapsulated in the liquid droplets. The size of the bubble depends linearly on the gas pressure and inversely on the liquid flow rate. In addition, monodisperse bubbles self-assemble into crystalline structures. The liquid crystalline foams are further processed into open-cell solid foams. The novel foam gel was used as a scaffold to culture chondrocytes.