RESUMEN
Enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS), visible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are associated with aortic pulse wave changes produced by arterial stiffening. However, the relationship between ePVS and cognition is still unclear. We aimed to benchmark current knowledge of associations between ePVS and cognitive function using a meta-analysis of all available published data. We searched three databases for studies examining ePVS and cognition, identified seven studies involving 7,816 participants, plotted multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI and generated summary OR with a fixed effects model. EPVS were related to the risk of impaired cognition (OR = 1.387, 95% CI = 1.198-1.606, z=4.38, P<0.001) with low heterogeneity. There was publication bias, which could be corrected by trimming and supplementation (OR=1.297, 95% CI= 1.130-1.490). EPVS were associated with impaired cognition and may be a sign of cognitive impairment rather than particular diseases. More studies are required to validate ePVS as a measurable risk marker for cognition using consistent methods to determinea characteristic appearance of ePVS.
RESUMEN
The dysregulation of autophagy is implicated in many pathological disorders including infections, aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Autophagy can be precisely controlled both transcriptionally and translationally. Accumulating evidences show that the autophagy response is regulated by microRNAs, which therefore becomes subject area of interest in recent years. Herein, we give a brief introduction of the recent advancement in the regulation of microRNA on autophagy, and then we focus on the microRNA regulation of the mitophagy receptor, NIX. Finally, we present the methodology on how to study it in detail.
Asunto(s)
Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , MicroARNs/genética , Mitocondrias/genética , Mitofagia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas/genética , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/genética , Animales , Genes Reporteros , Humanos , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas/metabolismo , Interferencia de ARN , ARN Mensajero/genética , Proteínas Supresoras de Tumor/metabolismoRESUMEN
A novel UV-curable hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate (FHBPUA) with excellent flexibility is successfully synthesized based on a reaction of hydroxyl terminated hyperbranched polyurethane (regarded as core) with flexible semiadduct urethane monoacrylate (regarded as arms). The structure and property of FHBPUA is firstly analyzed and then utilized as functional additives to ameliorate the UV-curing and mechanical properties of epoxy acrylate resin. The degree of branching of FHBPUA turns out to be 0.82. Its thermal decomposition process consists of three different stages, and the glass transition temperature is around 65 °C. The freestanding FHBPUA film (~30 µm thickness) can be UV-cured within 3 s, and its flexibility is up to 1 mm. With the increase of FHBPUA content to 10 wt %, the UV-curing time of UV1000 film decreases from 6 to 3 s, flexibility strikingly increases from 10 to 1 mm, and adhesive force also improves from 5 to 3 grades, meanwhile its glossiness is not influenced by FHBPUA. In addition, a certain amount of FHBPUA can improve the tensile strength and elongation at break of UV1000 film. This novel FHBPUA can be used not only to develop flexible UV-curable freestanding films but also as functional additives to perfect other UV-curable compositions like coatings, inks and 3D printed parts.