[The role of released membrane microparticles in pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory response].

The aim of this work was to evaluate contribution of released membrane particles (RMP) to the development of systemic inflammatory response (SIR) after aortocoronary bypass grafting (ACBG). The number of RMP carrying surface adhesion molecules, CD62L, CD62P, CD62E, was shown to increase in the early postoperative period in parallel with the enhancement of lymphocyte plasma membrane blebbing and elevation of cytokine levels in peripheral blood. It is concluded that (1) activation of plasma membrane blebbing in peripheral blood cells underlies the appearance of RMP in circulation; (2) increased number of RMP expressing CD62L, CD62P, CD62E is a marker of intercellular communication associated with the development of SIR and suggests new mechanisms of RMP involvement in the reaction of organism to massive surgical injury.

[Peripheral nerve block as a component of anesthesia during operations on lower extremity vessels].

Lumbar plexus block via inguinal paravascular access that was included as part of an anesthetic support at venectomy in the great saphenous vein, was studied for its impact on the development of postoperative pain syndrome and stress responses. The authors revealed a significant postoperative pain relief at rest and in motion, and reductions in the need for analgesics and in the magnitude of a stress response to a surgical injury.

[Comparative assessment of efficacy of tissue plasminogen activator and streptokinase in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka éffektivnosti tkanevogo aktivatora plazminogena i streptokinazy v lechenii bol'nykh ostrym infarktom miokarda.

AIM: To compare results of treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction with tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) and streptokinase. MATERIAL AND METHODS: TPA (100 mg intravenously) and streptokinase (1500000 U intravenously) were used for thrombolytic therapy of acute myocardial infarction in 114 and 118 patients, respectively. RESULTS: TPA treated compared with streptokinase treated patients were characterized by less frequent serious cardiac rhythm and conduction disturbances and hypotension during thrombolysis (p<0.05), as well as less frequent pathological Q-waves formation (p<0.001). More than 50% lowering of initially elevated ST-segment by 90-th minute occurred more often in TPA treated patients (p<0.001). Differences between TPA and streptokinase treated patients in mortality (3.5 and 7.6%, respectively), reinfarction rate during first 24 hours (3.5 and 5.1%, respectively), aneurysm formation (9.1 and 14.7%, respectively), and heart failure development (4.5 and 11.0%, respectively) were not significant. CONCLUSION: The use of TPA for thrombolytic therapy of patients with acute myocardial infarction gave better results than the use of streptokinase.

[The morphofunctional damage to the biomembranes in the lipid peroxidation syndrome in patients with the terminal stage of chronic kidney failure]. / Morfofunktsional'noe povrezhdenie biomembran pri sindrome lipoperoksidatsii u bol'nykh s terminal'noi stadiei khronicheskoi pochechnoi nedostatochnosti.

A total of 43 patients with a terminal stage of chronic renal failure (TCRF) who were on planned hemodialysis 8-12 hrs per week were studied for the status of lipid peroxidation, antioxidative system (AOS) as well as for the morphological and functional status of biological membranes. The study revealed high levels of lipid peroxidation featured by increased contents of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugates in the blood serum and red cells of the uremic patients. Besides, the functional incompetence of a nonenzymatic part of the AOS resulting in a decrease in the number of sulfhydryl groups in the red cells and alphatocopherol in the plasma was documented. It was suggested that intense peroxidation of lipids could lead to morphological and functional instability of biological membranes in the TCRF patients that was evidenced by high peroxide hemolysis in the red cells and disordered osmotic resistance and deformability of erythrocytes. An active MDA clearance was revealed in hemodialysis. The use of antioxidants and membraneous protectors in the treatment of the TCRF patients was found to be mandatory when high lipid peroxidation was identified.