[Efficacy and safety of a fixed combination drug Brinzolol Duo in the treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma]. / Effektivnost' i bezopasnost' primeneniya novoi fiksirovannoi kombinatsii Brinzolol Duo pri lechenii pervichnoi otkrytougol'noi glaukomy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new fixed combination of brinzolamide and timolol in patients with stages I and II of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study patients were divided into 2 groups. The patients of the first group were prescribed Brinzolol Duo, the second group received an original drug Azarga. Regimen for both drugs was 1 drop 2 times per day for 84 days. The study included 7 monitoring visits: visit 0 (screening - 124 patients), visit 1 (randomization and treatment initiation - 120 patients), visits 2-4 (therapy), visit 5 (end of therapy - 117 patients), visit 6 (follow-up, study completion). RESULTS: Out of 120 patients included in the study, 117 subjects had completed all study procedures. It was shown that both compared drugs significantly reduce intraocular pressure (IOP). After 3 months, 46.5% of patients in the Brinzolol Duo group and 46.9% of patients in the Azarga group had IOP lowered by more than 30% compared to baseline, with IOP amounting to ≤18 mm Hg in 36.6% and 30.2% of patients, respectively. Hypotensive efficacy and safety of the drugs were comparable between the groups (p>0.05). The drugs were well tolerated, all adverse events (AEs) were mild or moderate in severity. CONCLUSION: The new drug Brinzolol Duo (brinzolamide + timolol) significantly reduces IOP in POAG patients with efficacy comparable to Azarga.

[The study of biological effects of different geographical origin goji berries in rats with alimentary hypercholesterolemia].

Food and medicinal plants as well as its' fruits, used in traditional medicine, are now widely used as sources of bioactive phytochemical compounds to impart functional properties to products. Due to the significant variation in phytonutrient content depending on geoclimatic conditions, a comparative study of goji berries collected in different regions seems to be relevant. The aim - comparative study of L. barbarum and L. chinense berries and its biological effects when inclusion in the diet of rats with experimental hyperlipidemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the berries of L. barbarum (China) and L. chinense (Kazakhstan), the composition of monosaccharides, the content of vitamins (D, E, C), minerals (Mg, Ca, Se), phenolic compounds and steroid substances as well as catalase and superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant activity was determined. Biological experiment lasted 186 days, it was carried out on Wistar rats, divided into intact (n=10) and experimental animals (n=48), in which alimentary hyperlipidemia was reproduced for 100 days (diet containing animal fats 5.0-19.0% and cholesterol 0.5-2.0%), further animals were divided in control rats with hyperlipidemia, consuming a standard diet (group 1) and experimental rats, which were supplemented for 86 days with L. barbarum (group 2) and L. chinense (group 3) in an amount of 20% of the diet carbohydrate component. On the 128th and 186th days of the experiment, rats' blood serum was analyzed for total protein, albumin, creatinine and urea, triacylglycerides, total cholesterol, high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, malondialdehyde and the total antioxidant activity of blood serum was measured. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: L. chinense berries, which are characterized by a high content of phenolic compounds (20% higher than in L. barbarum berries), when administered to rats with alimentary hyperlipidemia on the 28th day, reduced the concentration of total cholesterol by 44.1% and low-density lipoproteins by 35.8% relative to control animals, on day 86 contributed to an increase in the concentration of high density lipoproteins to 79.6%. The effect of L. barbarum berries, characterized by an increase in high density lipoproteins in rat blood (by 62.3%), may be due to a higher content of vitamins C, E and selenium (35, 11 and 22% more than in L. chinense), the presence of phytosterols and phytostanols, in particular dodecanoic acid. CONCLUSION: The data obtained indicate a pronounced antioxidant effect of L. barbarum and L. chinense berries and the possibility of their use in the diet to correct lipid metabolism disorders.

[The study of the metabolism of iodotyrosines included in the iodized milk protein in rats].

In the course of evolution in animals and humans, a complex and effective system for providing the body with iodine in the form of various organic and inorganic compounds was developed. The metabolism of inorganic iodine has been studied quite well, in contrast to the mechanism of assimilation of its organic compounds. Among the latter, iodotyrosines, which are part of iodinated milk proteins, are of particular interest. To distinguish the peculiarities of the biotransformation of iodotyrosines in the animals' organism, their concentration and the concentration of tyrosine in blood plasma of rats after single administration of iodinated milk proteins were determined. For comparison, in parallel a group of animals received potassium iodide. The tested preparations were administered intragastrically with a probe in the form of aqueous solutions at a dose equivalent to 30 µg iodine per 1 kg of body weight. The level of mono- and diiodotyrosine in rat blood plasma was determined by HPLC with a mass spectrometer detector. The tyrosine content was determined on an automatic amino acid analyzer. The registration of the indices was carried out before the administration and 1, 4 and 24 hours after the administration of the substances. In the course of the conducted studies it was found that when iodinated milk proteins are once administered, a significant increase in the concentrations of monoiodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine is observed. The maximum level of iodinated amino acids, exceeding the control values by more than 6 fold, was recorded 4 hours after the ingestion of iodine-containing organic compounds into the body. At the same time interval, an increase in the concentration of tyrosine was observed in one of the experimental groups receiving iodinated milk protein. The simultaneous presence of tyrosine and its iodinated derivatives in blood plasma may indicate that monoiodotyrosine and diiodotyrosine are capable of being absorbed into the systemic bloodstream without metabolic transformations in the liver. Under introduction of potassium iodide, an increase in blood plasma concentration of monoiodotyrosine by 35% compared to the control was observed only after 24 hours, which may be a consequence of the activation of the thyroid gland due to the intake of an increased amount of iodine.

[Influence of meat semiprepared foods produced with an addition of water having a reduced deuterium content on the indicators of the laboratory animals with the model of alloxan diabetes].

The paper presents the results of the study on the influence of water with a reduced deuterium content and the meat semi-prepared foods produced with its addition on the indicators of the laboratory animals with the model of alloxan diabetes. The effect of low concentrations of deuterium on the body weight dynamics was shown as well as the manifestation of glucosuria and ketonuria, and clinico-biological indicators of the animal's blood. The experiment was carried out during 42 days on male rats of Wistar stock, which were divided into 4 groups - 2 experimental, control (n=10) and intact (n=6), and consisted of three stages: adaptational, the stage of modeling of alloxan diabetes (a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate - 12 mg/100 g body weight) and dietic therapeutic. The animals of the experimental groups consumed water with a reduced deuterium content and standard vivarium diet or the meat minced semi-prepared products produced with its addition and cooked to culinary readiness. The control group consumed tap water and standard vivarium diet. In animals of the 1st group, which consumed the meat product, glucosuria persisted up to the 28th day (the 11th day after administration of alloxan), ketonuria up to the 34th day (the 17th day after modeling). In rats of the 2nd group, which consumed water with the decreased deuterium content, glucose in urea was not detected already on the 7th day after administration of alloxan, ketones on the 17th day after modeling of the disease, respectively. In animals of the control group, glucosuria and ketonuria persisted up to the end of the experiment. As a result of the investigations, the positive effect of water with a reduced deuterium content and the meat food produced with its use was established. It was manifested in a decrease of glucose level in the urea of the animals from the experimental groups compared to the control group on the 5th day of disease modeling and normalization on the 17th day of modeling. This experimentally demonstrated the possibility to use deuterium-depleted water in a meat product composition intended for nutrition of people with an impairment of carbohydrate metabolism for correction of metabolic processes.

[Method of determination organic iodine (iodotyrosines) in food].

It is important to control the substances of the synthesis of biologically active supplements, based on organic forms of iodine (iodotyrosines). But it is no less important to control the content of iodotyrosines in foods. The developed method is sensitive and selective and can determine iodotyrosines with a lower limit of detection (1 ppb). Iodotyrosines have been determined by HPLC-MS/MS. The article contains parameters for chromatographic separation of 3-iodo-L-tyrosine and 3.5-diiodo-L-tyrosine and parameters of the electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, describes the methodology of sample preparation and solid phase extraction. The article substantiates the use of mass spectrometry as the most sensitive and selective method for determining the organic iodine as compared to HPLC with UV detection. The enzymatic hydrolysis with proteolytic enzymes has been used for sample preparation in iodothyronine analyses. Solid phase extraction was performed using C18 cartridge. For HPLC-MS/MS analysis iodothyronine derivatives were obtained with a mixture of butanol-acetyl chloride. Degree of iodotyrosine extraction from the matrix of the foodstuffs was not less than 85%, the correlation coefficient of the calibration curve in the concentration range of 1-2000 ng/mL was 0.999, reliable determination of iodine content in foods in the range from 10 to 20 000 mcg/kg.

[The effect of water with modified isotope (D/H) composition on the reproductive function and postnatal development in rats].

Reproductive parameters and postnatal progeny development were evaluated in 4 generations of Wistar rats treated with deuterium depleted water (DDW): parental (F0), first (F1), second (F2) and third (F3). The experiment was carried out on 2 groups of animals: experimental group consumed DDW (50 ppm) and control group consumed purified tap water (150 ppm). Experiment was consist of a preparatory stage, the stage of studying the F0, F1, F2 reproductive parameters and F1, F2, F3 postnatal progeny development Reproductive parameters was assessed by F0, F1, F2 fertility index and F1, F2, F3 offspring viability and development. Fertility index was assessed as the male's ability to fertilize females in the percentage of pregnant females/fertilized males to the total number females and males placed together for mating. Offspring maturing were evaluated by pups viability, development of physical and sexual parameters, emotional and locomotors reflexes within the 1st month of life. Group 1 fertility index in F0 females was 100%, in F1 and F2 females - 99%, in males all generations - 89-100%. Group 1 F1, F2 and F3 offspring viability was high. Number of pups in group 1 F2 offspring was higher by 20% than in group 2. Pups of the 1st group F1, F2 and F3 were less intensively gained weight from the 1st to the 21st day of life compared with group 2, the final weight of the animals in group 1 was higher than in group 2 by 4-6% from 25th to 30th days of life. Assessment of physical parameters development as well as emotional and locomotors reflexes formation did not reveal any difference between group 1 and group 2 F1, F2 and F3 offspring. Obtained results confirmed that DDW did not effect on rat fertility, viability and development of offspring.

[Influence of deuterium depleted water on the organism of laboratory animals in various functional conditions of nonspecific protective systems].

The influence of deuterium depleted water with the modified isotope composition on an organism of animals is studied in physiological conditions and development of chronic endogenous intoxication of hepatorenal genesis. The influence of this water on isotope composition of plasma and tissues (the liver and kidneys) in laboratory animals is shown. The impact of this water on biochemical indicators (AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, bilirubin) and dynamics in body weight of laboratory animals within 42 days is established. As a result of studies the possibility of the preventive use of deuterium depleted water for correction of metabolic processes is shown in various conditions of the functional system of the body's detoxification.

[About the human health safety estimation of ractopamine intake together with the food].

The analysis of scientific data including American and European scientific communities concerning use of ractopamine as a growth factor in food animal production and the argumentation of the maximum permitted levels of ractopamine and levels of ractopamine in meat and byproducts (offal) is carried out. The position of the Russian side stated at the Codex Alimentarius commission 35th session that acceptable ractopamine daily intake is insufficiently validated and cannot be used for the determination of maximum permitted levels of ractopamine in meat and byproducts (offal) is confirmed. It is represented that residual ractopamine intake together with food on the levels which are recommended by the Codex Alimentarius commission and by taking into account the levels of animal products consumption in Russian Federation will lead to unacceptable human health risk level that will promote increasing heart diseases and life expectancy reduction. In this connection Russia states against of acceptance of maximum permitted levels of ractopamine in food.

[Improved device and method for determination of protein digestibility in vitro]. / Usovershenstvovannye pribor i metodika dlia opredeleniia perevarimosti belkov "in vitro".R

The ten-cells device for modelling of ferment hydrolysis of food proteins by acid basic proteases of human alimentary canal is described. The new procedure for the calculation of quantitative characteristic of proteins digestion "in vitro" is presented.