Analyzing psychological resilience in college students: A decision tree model.

In the evolving landscape of higher education, particularly in the post-pandemic era, it is crucial for college students to face societal challenges and achieve success by understanding and predicting psychological resilience. To deepen our understanding of psychological resilience, this study used a decision tree model to explore influencing factors. We surveyed 776 college students and collected data on demographic information, self-esteem, sense of school belonging, pro-environmental behavior, subjective well-being, internet game addiction, life autonomy, and academic procrastination using several scales. The decision tree model identified eight key predictors of psychological resilience, which are as follows in order of importance: self-esteem, sense of school belonging, pro-environmental behavior, subjective well-being, academic procrastination, life autonomy, internet game addiction, and academic achievement. This model's accuracy reached 73.985 %, emphasizing its potential utility in educational settings. The findings not only provide a novel and data-driven perspective to understand psychological resilience in college students compared to existing research but also provide practical guidance for educational practitioners and policymakers on how to develop psychological resilience in college students.

Chemo-, Regio- and Stereoselective Preparation of (Z)-2-Butene-1,4-Diol Monoesters via Pd-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Acyloxylation.

(Z)-alkenes are useful synthons but thermodynamically less stable than their (E)-isomers and typically more difficult to prepare. The synthesis of 1,4-hetero-bifunctionalized (Z)-alkenes is particularly challenging due to the inherent regio- and stereoselectivity issues. Herein we demonstrate a general, chemoselective and direct synthesis of (Z)-2-butene-1,4-diol monoesters. The protocol operates within a Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative acyloxylation regime involving vinyl ethylene carbonates (VECs) and various carboxylic acids as the reaction partners under mild and operationally attractive conditions. The newly developed process allows access to a structurally diverse pool of (Z)-2-butene-1,4-diol monoesters in good yields and with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity. Various synthetic transformations of the obtained (Z)-2-butene-1,4-diol monoesters demonstrate how these synthons are of great use to rapidly diversify the portfolio of these formal desymmetrized (Z)-alkenes.

Short-term efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pyrotinib plus taxanes for early HER2-positive breast cancer: a single-arm exploratory phase II trial.

Background: The effectiveness and safety of pyrotinib have been substantiated in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive advanced breast cancer (BC). However, the role of pyrotinib as a single HER2 blockade in neoadjuvant setting among BC patients has not been studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of pyrotinib plus taxanes as a novel neoadjuvant regimen in patients with HER2-positive early or locally advanced BC. Methods: In this single-arm exploratory phase II trial, patients with treatment-naïve HER2-positive BC (stage IIA-IIIC) received pyrotinib 400 mg once daily and taxanes [docetaxel 75 mg/m2 or nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel 260 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, or paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 weekly] for a total of four 21-day cycles before surgery. Efficacy assessment was based on pathological and clinical measurements. The primary endpoint of this study was the total pathological complete response (tpCR) rate. The secondary endpoints included breast pCR (bpCR) rate, investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR) and adverse events (AEs) profiles. Results: From 1 September 2021 to 30 December 2022, a total of 31 patients were enrolled. One patient was withdrawn due to unbearable skin rash after the second cycle of neoadjuvant therapy. The majority of the intention-to-treat (ITT) population was premenopausal (54.8%), had large tumors (90.3%) and metastatic nodes (58.1%) at diagnosis and hormone-receptor positive tumors (64.5%). Most participants used nab-paclitaxel (74.2%) and received mastectomy (67.7%) after neoadjuvant treatment. The tpCR and bpCR rates were 48.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 30.8-66%] and 51.6% (95% CI: 34-69.2%), respectively. Grade ≥3 treatment-related AEs were observed in 16.1% (5/31) of the ITT population, including diarrhea (n=2, 6.5%), hand and foot numbness (n=1, 3.2%), loss of appetite (n=1, 3.2%), and skin rash (n=1, 3.2%). AE related dose reduction or pyrotinib interruption was not required. Conclusions: In female patients with HER2-positive non-metastatic BC, neoadjuvant pyrotinib monotherapy plus taxanes appears to show promising clinical benefit and controllable AEs [Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100050870)]. The long-term efficacy and safety of this regime warrant further verification.

Comprehending the cuproptosis and cancer-immunity cycle network: delving into the immune landscape and its predictive role in breast cancer immunotherapy responses and clinical endpoints.

Background: The role of cuproptosis, a phenomenon associated with tumor metabolism and immunological identification, remains underexplored, particularly in relation to the cancer-immunity cycle (CIC) network. This study aims to rigorously examine the impact of the cuproptosis-CIC nexus on immune reactions and prognostic outcomes in patients with breast cancer (BC), striving to establish a comprehensive prognostic model. Methods: In the study, we segregated data obtained from TCGA, GEO, and ICGC using CICs retrieved from the TIP database. We constructed a genetic prognostic framework using the LASSO-Cox model, followed by its validation through Cox proportional hazards regression. This framework's validity was further confirmed with data from ICGC and GEO. Explorations of the tumor microenvironment were carried out through the application of ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms, as well as machine learning techniques, to identify potential treatment strategies. Single-cell sequencing methods were utilized to delineate the spatial distribution of key genes within the various cell types in the tumor milieu. To explore the critical role of the identified CICs, experiments were conducted focusing on cell survival and migration abilities. Results: In our research, we identified a set of 4 crucial cuproptosis-CICs that have a profound impact on patient longevity and their response to immunotherapy. By leveraging these identified CICs, we constructed a predictive model that efficiently estimates patient prognoses. Detailed analyses at the single-cell level showed that the significance of CICs. Experimental approaches, including CCK-8, Transwell, and wound healing assays, revealed that the protein HSPA9 restricts the growth and movement of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, our studies using immunofluorescence techniques demonstrated that suppressing HSPA9 leads to a notable increase in ceramide levels. Conclusion: This research outlines a network of cuproptosis-CICs and constructs a predictive nomogram. Our model holds great promise for healthcare professionals to personalize treatment approaches for individuals with breast cancer. The work provides insights into the complex relationship between the cuproptosis-CIC network and the cancer immune microenvironment, setting the stage for novel approaches to cancer immunotherapy. By focusing on the essential gene HSPA9 within the cancer-immunity cycle, this strategy has the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of treatments against breast cancer.

Octadecyl-fibrous mesoporous silica nanospheres coated 96-blade thin-film microextraction for high-throughput analysis of phthalic acid esters in food and migration from food packages.

A high-throughput sample pre-treatment method combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed to analyze phthalates (PAEs) in food and food contact package samples. Thin film microextraction (TFME) in 96-blade format was used to pre-treat 96 samples simultaneously. Octadecyl groups functionalized fibrous mesoporous silica nanospheres, namely C18-FMSNs, were synthesized and used as TFME coating material. The coating was fabricated by spraying a slurry of C18-FMSNs and polyacrylontrile (PAN) mixture with a commercial portable spraypen. The prepared C18-FMSNs/PAN coatings exhibited good reproducibility, repeatability and reusability. The optimized TFME conditions for PAEs consisted of extraction at pH 4.0 for 50 min, and desorption by methanol/acetonitrile (25/75, V/V) for 40 min. The pretreatment time for each sample was approximately 1.3 min. This TFME-HPLC method showed good linearity for eight PAEs within the concentration range of 0.5-1000 ng mL-1, with the coefficients higher than 0.9972. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.096-0.26 ng mL-1 and 0.32-0.86 ng mL-1, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day RSD % were below 6.6 % and 8.4 %, respectively, indicating good precision. The PAEs analysis in real samples showed that dibutyl phthalate (DBP) of 2.3 ± 0.3 ng mL-1 and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) of 5.5 ± 0.8 ng mL-1 in boxed milk, dimethyl phthalate (DMP) of 12.6 ± 0.8 ng mL-1, DBP of 3.2 ± 0.4 ng mL-1and DEHP of 14.3 ± 0.7 ng mL-1 in the simulated water migration of plastic box, as well as DMP of 19.0 ± 0.6 ng mL-1, DBP of 25.6 ± 0.9 ng mL-1 and DEHP of 49.5 ± 2.8 ng mL-1 in the simulated ethanol migration of plastic box were determined, respectively. In addition, the detection of PAEs in all the real samples showed good recovery ranging from 85.6 to 110 % and lower RSDs % (<7.2 %).

Study on the Relationship Between PTPRO Methylation in Plasma and Efficacy Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Early Breast Cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the correlation between PTPRO methylation in plasma and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for early breast cancer (BC). Methods: Eighty-two patients with early BC undergoing NAC were included. PTPRO methylation status in plasma before and after NAC was detected using methylation-specific PCR and the relationship between PTPRO methylation and NAC efficacy was analyzed. Results: The rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) was only 25.0% (12/48) in patients with positive PTPRO methylation result before NAC, but 61 0.8% (21/34) in pre-NAC methylation-negative patients (OR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.09-0.65, P = 0.005). In addition, the pCR rate was 12.1% (4/33) in patients with positive PTPRO methylation results both before and after NAC, but 53.3% (8/15) in patients with pre-NAC positive methylation and post-NAC negative methylation results (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03-0.52, P = 0.004). Conclusion: Plasma PTPRO methylation is a potential biomarker for predicting the efficacy of NAC in early BC.

Synthesis of hierarchically porous zirconium-based metal-organic framework@silica core-shell stationary phase through etching strategy for liquid chromatography.

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) show promise to be employed as stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), however, the microporous structures of MOFs seriously restrict the diffusion and mass transfer of solute molecules, leading to a low column efficiency. In this paper, the fabrication of hierarchically porous UiO-66@SiO2 (HP- UiO-66@SiO2) core-shell microspheres via H2O2 etching has been proposed as a viable approach to enhance the separation performance of MOFs-based columns for HPLC. Through the direct treatment of the preliminary prepared UiO-66@SiO2 microspheres with H2O2 etching, HP-UiO-66@SiO2 core-shell microspheres were successfully synthesized with an enlarged pore size of up to 9 nm, facilitating efficient mass transfer in chromatographic separation. The prepared HP-UiO-66@SiO2 core-shell microspheres were then explored as stationary phase in HPLC to separate the nonpolar alkyl benzene homologues, the polar aromatic alcohol homologues and the xylene isomers. The results indicated that the baseline separations of these solutes were achieved successfully with narrow peak width and higher resolution than the UiO-66@SiO2 column. The HP-UiO-66@SiO2 column exhibited superior separation performance, reaching a maximum plate number of 134,459/m for fluorene, and showing good reproducibility. As a result, this template-free approach suggests that the fabrication of hierarchically porous MOFs@silica core-shell microspheres is a successful approach to enhance the column efficiency of MOFs-based columns in HPLC.

Undergraduates' Negative Emotion and Academic Procrastination During COVID-19: Life Autonomy as a Mediator and Sense of School Belonging as a Moderator.

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on undergraduate students' academic procrastination and negative emotions. It seeks to examine the relationship between negative affect and academic procrastination among university students, considering the mediating role of life autonomy and the moderating effect of a sense of school belonging. Methods: The study sample consisted of 776 university students from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Data collection involved the use of the Negative Affect Scale, Academic Procrastination Scale, Life Autonomy Scale, and Sense of School Belonging Scale. SPSS version 26.0 and PROCESS V3.580 to conduct relationship analysis, test the mediation model (model 4) and the moderated mediating model (model 7). Results: The findings revealed significant relationships among the variables. Negative emotions were negatively related with life autonomy and sense of school belonging, and positively related with academic procrastination. Academic procrastination showed a negative correlation with both life autonomy and sense of school belonging. Sense of school belonging exhibited a positive relationship with life autonomy. The study also identified life autonomy as a mediator in the relationship between negative emotions and academic procrastination. Additionally, the sense of school belonging moderated the initial segment of the negative emotion-life autonomy-academic procrastination pathway. Discussion: This study contributes to a better understanding of the association between negative affect and academic procrastination. It highlights that negative emotions have a direct and indirect influence on academic procrastination through the mediating role of life autonomy. Moreover, the moderating role of sense of school belonging suggests that the relationship between negative affect and life autonomy is stronger when the sense of school belonging is weaker.

P53 negatively regulates the osteogenic differentiation in jaw bone marrow MSCs derived from diabetic osteoporosis.

Patients with diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) often suffer from poor osseointegration of artificial implants, which is a challenge that affects implant outcomes. The osteogenic differentiation ability of human jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (JBMMSCs) is the key to implant osseointegration. Studies have shown that the microenvironment of hyperglycemia affects the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), but the mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and culture JBMMSCs from surgically derived bone fragments from DOP patients and control patients to investigate the differences in their osteogenic differentiation ability and to elucidate its mechanisms. The results showed that the osteogenic ability of hJBMMSCs was significantly decreased in the DOP environment. Mechanism study showed that the expression of senescence marker gene P53 was significantly increased in DOP hJBMMSCs compared to control hJBMMSCs according to RNA-sequencing result. Further, DOP hJBMMSCs were found to display significant senescence using ß-galactosidase staining, mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS assay, qRT-PCR and WB analysis. Overexpression of P53 in hJBMMSCs, knockdown of P53 in DOP hJBMMSCs, and knockdown followed by overexpression of P53 significantly affected the osteogenic differentiation ability of hJBMMSCs. These results suggest that MSC senescence is an important reason for decreasing osteogenic capacity in DOP patients. P53 is a key target in regulating hJBMMSCs aging, and knocking down P53 can effectively restore the osteogenic differentiation ability of DOP hJBMMSCs and promote osteosynthesis in DOP dental implants. It provided a new idea to elucidate the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic bone metabolic diseases.

Tumor-Targeting Extracellular Vesicles Loaded with siS100A4 for Suppressing Postoperative Breast Cancer Metastasis.

Introduction: S100A4 promotes the establishment of tumor microenvironment for malignant cancer cells, and knockdown of S100A4 can inhibit tumorigenesis. However, there is no efficient way to target S100A4 in metastatic tumor tissues. Here, we investigated the role of siS100A4-loaded iRGD-modified extracellular vesicles (siS100A4-iRGD-EVs) in postoperative breast cancer metastasis. Methods: siS100A4-iRGD-EVs nanoparticles were engineered and analyzed using TEM and DLS. siRNA protection, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity of EV nanoparticles were examined in vitro. Postoperative lung metastasis mouse model was created to investigate the tissue distribution and anti-metastasis roles of nanoparticles in vivo. Results: siS100A4-iRGD-EVs protected siRNA from RNase degradation, enhanced the cellular uptake and compatibility in vitro. Strikingly, iRGD-modified EVs significantly increased tumor organotropism and siRNA accumulation in lung PMNs compared to siS100A4-EVs in vivo. Moreover, siS100A4-iRGD-EVs treatment remarkedly attenuated lung metastases from breast cancer and increased survival rate of mice through suppressing S100A4 expression in lung. Conclusions: siS100A4-iRGD-EVs nanoparticles show more potent anti-metastasis effect in postoperative breast cancer metastasis mouse model. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-022-00757-5.

Correlation between percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure and recurrence of unexplained syncope.

Background: The relationship between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and unexplained syncope remains to be illustrated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the outcomes and prognostic factors for syncope recurrence after PFO closure. Methods: Patients with both large right-to-left shunting (RLS) PFO and unexplained syncope who visited the cardiovascular department of Xiangya Hospital Central South University from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021 were consecutively enrolled in our study. The recurrence rate of syncope was compared between the non-closure group (n = 20) and the closure group (n = 91). Results: A total of 111 patients were finally included. After 31.11 ± 14.30 months of follow-up, only 11% of patients in the closure group had recurrent syncope, which was much lower than that of the non-closure group (11.0 vs. 35%, P = 0.018). We further investigated the possible prognostic factors for syncope recurrence in the closure group and found syncope occurring more than five times preoperatively, hypertension, and residual RLS at 12-month follow-up were significantly correlated with a higher number of recurrences. Conclusions: PFO closure reduced the recurrence rate of unexplained syncope. The efficacy of prevention was prognosticated by factors including the presence or absence of syncope induction, the frequency of syncope episodes, and the presence or absence of hypertension. Syncope recurrence was also related to residual shunts post closure.

Application of supervised machine learning algorithms to predict the risk of hidden blood loss during the perioperative period in thoracolumbar burst fracture patients complicated with neurological compromise.

Background: Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) and has been utilized in clinical research and practice to construct high-performing prediction models. Hidden blood loss (HBL) is prevalent during the perioperative period of spinal treatment and might result in a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to develop a ML-based model for identifying perioperative HBL-related risk factors in patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture (TBF). Methods: In this study, single-central TBF patients were chosen. The medical information on patients, including clinical characteristics, laboratory indicators, and surgery-related parameters, was extracted. After comparing various ML model algorithms, we selected the best model with high performance. The model was validated using the internal validation set before performing recursive feature elimination (RFE) to determine the importance of HBL-related risk factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve, accuracy (ACC), sensitivity, and specificity were reported as critical model measures for evaluating predictive performance. Results: In this study, 62 (38.5%) of the 161 TBF patients were positive for HBL. There was a significant statistical difference in age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, Beta (percentage of vertebral restoration), duration of operation, and other pre-operative laboratory indicators between the HBL-positive and HBL-negative groups. Nine ML-based models were built and validated, with the Random Forest model having the greatest AUC in both the training set (0.905) and internal validation set (0.864). Furthermore, following RFE, age, duration of operation, Beta, pre-operative fibrinogen (Fib), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were identified as the five main important risk factors in patients with TBF during the perioperative period. Conclusion: In this study, we built and validated ML algorithms for an individualized prediction of HBL-related risk factors in the perioperative period of TBF. The importance of HBL-related risk factors could be determined, which contributes to clinicians' decision-making and improves perioperative management.

PBA-MoS2 nanoboxes with enhanced peroxidase activity for constructing a colorimetric sensor array for reducing substances containing the catechol structure.

Some nanoperoxidase-based colorimetric sensors have been used to detect only one molecule at a time. Thus, the simultaneous detection of various molecules coexisting in the same system is a great challenge. In this work, an excellent nanoperoxidase, nickel cobalt Prussian blue analogue-MoS2 nanoboxes (PBA-MoS2), have been successfully prepared by the hydrothermal method and used to construct a colorimetric sensing array to determine a series of reductive substances containing the catechol structure (such as catechol, epinephrine hydrochloride, procyanidin, caffeic acid and dopamine hydrochloride). The excellent peroxidase-like activity of PBA-MoS2 is verified by the chromogenic reaction of 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2 in 2 min. The catalytic mechanism of PBA-MoS2 is attributed to generated reactive species including holes (h+) and superoxide radicals (˙O2-) in the process of catalysis. The fast economic H2O2 colorimetric sensing array has been constructed based on the PBA-MoS2 nanoperoxidase. Due to the presence of different reducing substances, the catalytic oxidation of TMB can be restricted to different extents, accompanied by blue colour changes to varying degrees. Therefore, on combining PBA-MoS2 nanoperoxidase with H2O2 and TMB, five reductive substances can be quantitatively distinguished by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) at the 2 mM level.

Pseudo-mercaptoethyl pyridine functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-graphene composite via thiol-ene click reaction for highly selective purification of antibody.

In this work, we prepared a novel graphene-based composite by combination of mercapto-end capped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS-SH) with graphene oxide (GO) through covalent bonding process. The composite was further conjugated with 4-vinyl pyridine (4-VP) through thiol-ene click reaction to fabricate pseudo-mercaptoethyl pyridine functionalized POSS-graphene composite (G-POSS-S-VP). The physicochemical properties were confirmed via FT-IR, TGA, XPS, and TEM characterizations and a high ligand density of ca. 87.3 µmol m-2 was obtained. G-POSS-S-VP composite displayed high selectivity toward antibody, i.e., immunoglobulin G (IgG) in this case based on the hydrophobic charge induced chromatography (HCIC) mechanism. A high adsorption efficiency of ca. 90% and large adsorption capacity of 500 mg g-1 were achieved for IgG at pH 7.4. At the same time, the non-specific adsorptions of co-existing proteins on graphene substrate were obviously hindered. The practical applicability of G-POSS-S-VP composite as adsorbent was verified by selective separation of IgG from human serum. SDS-PAGE assay and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis clearly demonstrated the successful isolation of IgG with high purity.

Unveiling the influence of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-carboxyl phenyl) porphyrin on the photogenerated charge behavior and photoelectrochemical water oxidation of hematite photoanode.

Coupling porphyrins with semiconductors is demonstrated as one of effective means to facilitate the separation of photogenerated charge in dye-sensitized solar cells as well as photocatalytic hydrogen production. However, there are limited reports about exploring the effect of porphyrin on the behavior of photogenerated charges and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation performance. Herein, we have built a hybrid photoanode containing Ti doped α-Fe2O3 (Ti-Fe2O3), 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-carboxyl phenyl) porphyrin (H2TCPP) and cobalt phosphate (CoPi) cocatalyst. Because of the appropriate band alignment of Ti-Fe2O3, H2TCPP and CoPi, the photogenerated holes are transferred directionally from Ti-Fe2O3 to CoPi across H2TCPP, which boosts the separation efficiency of CoPi/H2TCPP/Ti-Fe2O3 in turn. Meanwhile, CoPi/H2TCPP/Ti-Fe2O3 possesses higher injection efficiency as well. Under the double guarantee of high separation efficiency and injection efficiency, CoPi/H2TCPP/Ti-Fe2O3 yields an impressive photocurrent density of 1.84 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), which is much higher than that of CoPi/Ti-Fe2O3. This structure design describes an appealing maneuver to facilitate the directed migration of photogenerated charges and then enhance the PEC water oxidation performance.

CeO2/Co3O4@N-doped hollow carbon microspheres with improved peroxidase-like activity for the determination of quercetin.

Nanozymes, as substitutes for natural enzymes, have been used to construct some fast cheap sensing platforms by virtue of the high catalytic activity. Herein, we firstly study the peroxidase-like activity of CeO2/Co3O4@N-doped hollow carbon microspheres as nanozymes. In the presence of H2O2, CeO2/Co3O4@NCH exhibits high peroxidase-like activity evaluated by the catalytic oxidation of the chromogenic substrate, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into a blue oxTMB visually in 1 min. The larger surface area, pore-like structure, and oxygen vacancies contribute to the enhanced peroxidase-like activity of CeO2/Co3O4@NCH. The active species •O2- is detected during the catalytic process. Thus, based on the excellent peroxidase-like activity of CeO2/Co3O4@NCH, a facile and effective biosensor is fabricated for sensitive and selective determination of H2O2 and quercetin, respectively. CeO2/Co3O4@NCH shows high affinity towards H2O2 (Km = 4.001 mM) and TMB (Km = 0.086 mM). The detection limit of H2O2 and quercetin is as low as 0.086 mM and 1.19 µM (3σ/slope), respectively. This work remarkably extends the utilization of CeO2/Co3O4@NCH in designing a colorimetric sensing platform related to biosensing, food, and environmental monitoring. A fast colorimetric sensing platform for quercetin based on the excellent peroxidase-like activity of CeO2/Co3O4@NCH.

Enhancement Strategy of Photoelectrocatalytic Activity of Cobalt-Copper Layer Double Hydroxide toward Methanol Oxidation: Cerium Doping and Modification with Porphyrin.

Designing durable, high-active, and low-cost noble-metal-free photoelectrocatalysts for methanol electrooxidation is highly demanded but remains a challenge. Herein, the photoelectrocatalytic activity of cobalt-copper layer double hydroxide (CoCu-LDH) for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in the alkaline media under light was remarkably enhanced by cerium (Ce) doping and further by 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxylphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) modification. TCPP/Ce-CoCu-LDH exhibits a remarkable mass activity of 1788.2 mA mg-1 in 1 mol L-1 KOH with 1 mol L-1 methanol under light, which is 2.3 and 1.8 times higher than that of CoCu-LDH (782.2 mA mg-1) and Ce-CoCu-LDH (987.4 mA mg-1). The UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra and photoluminescence emission spectra reveal that TCPP/Ce-CoCu-LDH can effectively utilize the visible light and inhibit the electron-hole pairs' recombination because of the introduction of porphyrin. Furthermore, more active sites and the greater electrical conductivity of TCPP/Ce-CoCu-LDH also contributed to the high photoelectrocatalytic activity. Thus, TCPP/Ce-CoCu-LDH can be used as a low-cost alternative for Pt-based catalyst toward MOR.

Mechanism Study of Imidazole-Type Deep Eutectic Solvents for Efficient Absorption of CO2.

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a new class of green solvents that exhibit unique properties in various process applications. In this regard, this study evaluated imidazole-type DESs as solvents for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. A series of imidazole-type DESs with different ratios was prepared through one-step synthesis. The absorption capacity of CO2 in imidazole-type DESs was measured through weighing, and the effects of temperature, hydrogen bond acceptors, hydrogen bond donors, and water content were discussed. DESs absorbed the effects of CO2. Im-MEA (1:2) was selected to linearly fit lnη and 1/T using the Arrhenius equation under variable temperature conditions, and a good linear relationship was found. The results show the best absorption effect for Im-MEA (1:4). At 303.15 K and 0.1 MPa, the absorption capacity of Im-MEA (1:4) was as high as 0.323 g CO2/g DES; through five times of absorption-desorption after the cycle, the absorption capacity of DES was almost unchanged. Finally, the mechanism of CO2 absorption was studied using Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The absorption mechanism of imidazole-type DESs synthesized using imidazole salt and an amine-based solution was chemical absorption, and the reaction formed carbamate (-NHCOO) to absorb CO2.

N,S co-doped Co3O4 core-shell nanospheres with high peroxidase activity for the fast colorimetric detection of catechol.

It is necessary to develop nanoperoxidases with high activity to construct a fast and cheap sensing platform for real-time detection of some pollutants. In this study, the as-prepared N and S co-doped core-shell cobaltosic oxide nanospheres (N,S-Co3O4) exhibit excellent peroxidase-like activity. The oxidation reaction of the colorless chromogenic substrate TMB by H2O2 is used to evaluate the peroxidase-like behaviors of N,S-Co3O4. As expected, the N,S-Co3O4 nanospheres accelerated the oxidation of TMB accompanied by a blue shift only in 1 min. Thus, the N,S-Co3O4 nanoperoxidase exhibits high affinity towards TMB (Km = 0.072 mM) and H2O2 (Km = 3.78 mM). Moreover, as the catalytic process of N,S-Co3O4 can be inhibited in the presence of catechol, a fast inexpensive colorimetric sensor of catechol with high sensitivity and good selectivity was constructed. The enhanced catalytic activity of N,S-Co3O4 is attributed to some active species, including h+ and ˙O2-, owing to the more active sites on N,S-Co3O4. The colorimetric method has been validated by detecting catechol in real water samples for practical application.