Autotransplantation for Restoration of Dentition Defects After Excision of Jaw Cysts.

Bone defect caused by jaw cystectomy has always been the main factor affecting postoperative wound healing and is also the common cause of maxillofacial bone defect, which brings challenges to the subsequent restoration of missing teeth. In this paper, the authors report a 22-year-old young woman who had a mandibular cyst in the left lower posterior tooth area. She underwent mandibular bone cyst excision and simultaneous extraction of teeth 36 and 37. One and two months after the removal of the mandibular bone cyst, autologous tooth transplantation was performed in stages from tooth 28 to tooth 36 and from tooth 18 to tooth 37. The case shows that tooth autotransplantation is a viable option for the restoration of dentition defects after the excision of jaw cysts, which can promote the healing of the bone defect after the operation.

Effects of dietary sodium butyrate on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal microflora of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis).

The Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) has become increasingly susceptible to frequent diseases with the intensification of farming, which severely impacts the development of the aquaculture industry. Sodium butyrate (SB) is widely used as a feed additive due to its promotion of growth, enhancement of immune function, and antioxidative properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary SB on the growth performance, immune function, and intestinal microflora of Chinese soft-shelled turtles. A total of 300 Chinese soft-shelled turtles (mean weight: 11.36 ± 0.21g) were randomly divided into four groups with three parallel sets in each group. Each group was fed a diet supplemented with 0%, 0.005%, 0.01%, or 0.02% SB for 60 days. The results demonstrated an upward trend in weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) with increasing SB supplementation, and the experimental group fed with 0.02% SB showed a significant increase in WGR and SGR compared to other groups (P< 0.05). These levels of SB also decreased the levels of feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the total cholesterol (TC) content of Chinese soft-shelled turtles, and the 0.02% SB was significantly lower than that of other groups (P< 0.05). The activity of complement protein in vivo increased with increases in SB content, and the activities of complement C3 and C4 reached the highest level with 0.02% SB. The species abundance of the experimental group D fed with 0.02% SB was significantly higher than that of other groups (P< 0.05). Furthermore, the relative abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 was significantly increased with 0.02% SB (P< 0.05). In conclusion, adding 0.02% SB to the diet improves the growth performance, feed digestion ability, and intestinal microbiota of Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii on Gut Microbiome and Intestinal Morphology in Weaned Piglets.

Lactobacillus delbrueckii is a Gram-positive bacterium mostly used in the dairy industry for yogurt and cheese. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii on serum biochemical parameters, intestinal morphology, and performance by supplementing at a dietary level of 0.1% in diets for weaned piglets. Eighty healthy weaned piglets (initial body weight: 7.56 ± 0.2 kg) were randomly divided into two feeding groups with four replicates in each group (n = 10 animals per replicate); piglets were fed with basal diet (CON) or basal diet containing 0.1% Lactobacillus delbrueckii (LAC). The results showed that dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii improved growth performance and increased serum HDL and insulin levels in piglets on the 28th day of the experimental time (p < 0.05). The gut microbe analysis revealed that Lactobacillus delbrueckii significantly decreased the relative abundance of the phyla Bacteroidetes, but increased the relative abundance of the phyla Firmicutes. The Lactobacillus delbrueckii also significantly increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus at the genus level of the bacterial community in the ileum, but decreased the relative abundance of unclassified Clostridiales. Moreover, Lactobacillus delbrueckii improved mucosal morphology by obtaining higher intestinal villus height (p < 0.05), significantly increasing the concentrations of butyrate, isobutyric acid, and isovaleric acid in colonic chyme of piglets, but decreasing the intestinal pH at the duodenum and ileum on the 28th day of the experimental time. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii in the diet of weaned piglets can improve intestinal morphology and modulate the microbiota community to promote growth performance.

A case of gadobenate dimeglumine-induced anaphylactic shock: a case report.

A 70-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to "liver cirrhosis; grade 3 hypertension; pulmonary infection". On May 27, 2019, during upper abdomen plain and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), the patient experienced anaphylactic shock, manifested as sudden unconsciousness and lack of response, after intravenous administration of gadobenate dimeglumine (Multihance®). Gadobenate dimeglumine is a paramagnetic contrast used during diagnostic MRI. It has hepatobiliary specificity with very good imaging performance. A small amount is absorbed by normal liver cells after intravenous injection and excreted via the bile ducts while maintaining the chemical structure of gadobenate dimeglumine. It allows the visualization of local angiogenesis and perfusion, which reflect the hepatic blood supply and recent liver function, thereby providing a reference for clinical diagnosis. Gadobenate dimeglumine intravenous injection may cause adverse reactions such as nausea, dizziness, and anaphylactic shock. Anaphylactic shock is a known serious adverse reaction of gadobenate dimeglumine injection. In this paper, we report a case of gadobenate dimeglumine-induced anaphylactic shock based on the temporal relationship between the onset of symptoms and the injection. The patient received chest compressions and balloon-assisted ventilation in addition to rehydration and volume expansion and vasoactive drugs to maintain blood pressure, etc. The patient died despite treatments. In the clinical, physicians, nurses, and clinical pharmacists should closely monitor patients and promptly discontinue drug administration and provide symptomatic care in case of adverse reactions.

Rashes following cesarean delivery: a case report.

This work reports a case of rashes on multiple parts of the body following cesarean delivery caused by routine use of cefuroxime sodium and morphine during the perioperative period. A 29-year-old woman underwent a lower segment cesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. During surgery, cefuroxime sodium was administered intravenously following the division of the umbilical cord for the prevention of infection. Morphine hydrochloride was given for analgesia at the end of the procedure. Rashes and pruritus appeared on the patient's abdomen, back and thighs. Cephalosporins and opioids may cause rashes and pruritus. According to the patient's physical signs and the time of drug injection, we considered the rash and pruritus adverse reactions caused by cefuroxime sodium and morphine hydrochloride. After the discontinuation of the medications, antiallergic treatment and the other treatment of symptoms, the patient's symptoms gradually subsided. To this end, we speculate that cefuroxime sodium or morphine hydrochloride cause adverse reactions, including rashes in patients. Physicians, nurses, and clinical pharmacists should closely observe patients who receive these medications. The medications should be at once stopped if an adverse reaction occurs.

A case report of rash induced by cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium plus metronidazole sodium chloride combined with morphine hydrochloride.

We report a case of rashes in a patient undergoing cesarean section. She was administered cefoperazone and sulbactam sodium + metronidazole sodium chloride combined with morphine hydrochloride perioperatively, which caused a rash as an adverse side effect. The patient, 35 years old, underwent lower uterine segment cesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. She received intravenous infusion of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium + metronidazole sodium chloride for anti-infection therapy before operation and morphine hydrochloride for analgesia at the end of the operation. The patient later experienced skin itching and had rashes on the waist, abdomen, and back. According to the patient's physical signs, the correlation with drug injection time, and the adverse side effects reported in the drug instructions and related literature, the adverse side effect may have been caused by cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium, metronidazole sodium chloride, and morphine hydrochloride. The drugs were suspended, and the patient was given anti-allergic treatment. After that, the above symptoms subsided. Therefore, we suspect that cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium, metronidazole sodium chloride, or morphine hydrochloride injection, or a combination of two or more of these drugs, caused the adverse side effect of skin rash in the patient. This study reports a case of adverse side effects of skin itching and rash after the use of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium, metronidazole sodium chloride, and morphine hydrochloride in a pregnant woman undergoing cesarean section. The occurrence of adverse side effects in special populations should attract clinicians' attention. When giving such drugs, medical personnel should take a full history the patient's allergy and closely monitor the occurrence of adverse side effects in the early stages of medication.

Rash and neutropenia after the administration of oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil plus calcium folinate injection: a case report.

A 56-year-old male patient was admitted due to a "rectal malignant tumor". He suffered from rash and neutropenia after multiple chemotherapy sessions including oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5- FU), and calcium folinate injection (CF) which are called FOLFOX regimen for short. The rash was treated with methylprednisolone + promethazine + calcium gluconate, and the neutropenia was treated by subcutaneous injection of the Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Injection, the symptoms were relieved. Moreover, rashes and neutropenia are known common adverse reactions after intravenous administration of FOLFOX regimen. Based on the patient's symptoms and the timing of drug administration, a diagnosis of "rash and neutropenia due to the use of FOLFOX regimen" was made. Oxaliplatin and CF may also cause allergic reactions, including skin erythema and anaphylactic shock, etc. Once allergic reaction occurs, the fatality rate is higher than that of Penicillin. Therefore, sufficient attention should be paid to the patients reported in this paper who received FOLFOX regimen for multiple times and had multiple rashes and adverse reactions of neutropenia. Medical staff should closely monitored the adverse reactions and changes in vital signs of patients treated with this regimen during chemotherapy, and the chemotherapy regimen should be adjusted or terminated when necessary. The adverse reactions reported in this article deserve clinical attention.

Sanguinarine modulate gut microbiome and intestinal morphology to enhance growth performance in broilers.

Sanguinarine is a bioactive compound as a quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloid from plant of the Macleaya cordata, Papaveraceae family. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary sanguinarine supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemistry parameters, intestinal mucosal morphology and gut microbiome in yellow feathered broilers. Two hundred and seventy 1-d-old female broilers were randomly assigned to 3 treatments ① Basal diet (NG); ② Basal diet containing bacitracin methylene disalicylate (50mg/Kg diet) (ANT); ③ Basal diet containing sanguinarine (0.7 mg/ kg of feed) (SAG). The statistical results showed that dietary sanguinarine supplementation enhanced growth performance and decreased glucose, uric acid as well as urea nitrogen levels of broilers at 28d of age (P<0.05). The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that sanguinarine significantly decreased the species from the phyla Bacteroidetes, and increased the species from phyla Firmicutes. Moreover, dietary sanguinarine supplementation improved mucosal morphology to achieve higher ratio of intestinal villus height to crypt depth (P < 0.05), and decreased the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-4 in jejunum mucosal. This study demonstrated that sanguinarine supplementation in the diet of yellow feathered broilers improved intestinal morphology and microbiota community structure to promote growth performance on 1-28d.

Preventive Effects and Mechanisms of Garlic on Dyslipidemia and Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis.

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) contains prebiotic components, fructans, antibacterial compounds, and organosulfur compounds. The complex ingredients of garlic seem to impart a paradoxical result on the gut microbiome. In this study, we used a mouse model to clarify the effects of whole garlic on the gut microbiome. C57BL/6N male mice were fed with or without whole garlic in normal diet (ND) or in high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Supplementation with whole garlic attenuated HFD-enhanced ratio of serum GPT/GOT (glutamic-pyruvic transaminase/glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase), levels of T-Cho (total cholesterol) and LDLs (low-density lipoproteins), and index of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), but had no significant effect in the levels of serum HDL-c (high density lipoprotein cholesterol), TG (total triacylglycerol), and glucose. Moreover, garlic supplementation meliorated the HFD-reduced ratio of villus height/crypt depth, cecum weight, and the concentration of cecal organic acids. Finally, gut microbiota characterization by high throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that whole garlic supplementation increased the α-diversity of the gut microbiome, especially increasing the relative abundance of f_Lachnospiraceae and reducing the relative abundance of g_Prevotella. Taken together, our data demonstrated that whole garlic supplementation could meliorate the HFD-induced dyslipidemia and disturbance of gut microbiome.

[Application of copy number variation sequencing for prenatal diagnosis in women at an advanced maternal age].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of copy number variation analysis based on next generation sequencing (CNV-seq) in prenatal diagnosis for women at advanced maternal age. METHODS: A prospective analysis was carried out for women who underwent amniocentesis at 18~36 weeks of gestation for fetal CNV-seq for advanced maternal age. RESULTS: For 1461 unrelated Chinese women with a singleton pregnancy, CNV-seq was performed for all samples successfully. The proportion of chromosomal abnormalities was 2.3% (34/1461), of which 44.12% were submicroscopic copy number variations (<5 Mb). CONCLUSION: Pregnant women at an advanced maternal age should be informed for not only common trisomies but all pathogenic chromosomal aberrations. NGS was a sensitive and accurate approach for detecting CNVs.

Influences of information management path coordination with dynamic monitoring on the quality of hospital drug management.

BACKGROUND: To explore the impact of information management path coordination with dynamic monitoring on the quality of hospital drug management. METHODS: Based on the management mode of the information management path coupled with dynamic monitoring for hospital drug management, the overall structure of drug management was designed according to the drug management needs, and the management process was dynamically monitored by computer. The incidence of drug management errors was analyzed before and after implementation, including errors in drug placement, unreasonable actions, and vague labeling of high-risk drugs. The near-term and overdue statuses of various drugs were analyzed before and after implementation. Based on the "Hospital Pharmaceutical Management Regulations", a questionnaire about drug management quality was designed to address issues such as the pharmacy area, pharmacy management, drug management, pharmacy equipment management, and management efficiency; a drug management quality score was given before and after implementation. RESULTS: The incidence rates of drug placement errors, unreasonable actions, and vague labeling of high-risk drugs were 1.67%, 2.50%, and 1.67%, respectively, which were significantly lower than the pre-implementation rates of 8.33%, 10.00%, and 8.33% (P<0.05), respectively. The expiration rates of emergency medicines and general medicines after the implementation of information management path coordination with dynamic monitoring were 0.00% and 3.41%, respectively, which were significantly lower than the rates of 30.00% and 11.36% before implementation (P<0.05). The total score and the scores for the pharmacy area, pharmacy management, drug management, pharmacy equipment management, and management efficiency after the implementation of the information management path combined with dynamic monitoring were significantly higher than those before implementation (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Using information management path coordination with dynamic monitoring can reduce the incidence of errors in the drug management process, improve the drug utilization rate in the near-term, and improve the management quality.

Effects of Achyranthes bidentata Polysaccharides on Intestinal Morphology, Immune Response, and Gut Microbiome in Yellow Broiler Chickens Challenged with Escherichia coli K88.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide (ABPS) supplementation on performance, immune response, intestinal mucosal morphology, and gut microbiome in yellow-feathered broilers challenged with Escherichia coli K88. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used for the trial. Two hundred and forty one-day-old female broilers were randomly assigned to four treatments: (1) negative-control broilers were fed by a basal diet and saline (NG); (2) positive-control broilers were fed by a basal diet and orally challenged with 108 CFU E. coli K88 (CNG); (3) ABP group broilers were fed by a basal diet containing ABPS (500 mg/kg of feed) and saline; (4) CABP group broilers were fed by a basal diet containing ABPS (500 mg/kg of feed) and orally challenged with 108 CFU E. coli K88. Growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, immune responses, intestinal mucosal morphology, and cecal microbial community structure were evaluated. The ABP group had greatest body weight (BW), average daily body weight gain (ADG), and intestinal villus height compared to other treatments (p < 0.05). The CABP group had a higher villus height/crypt depth ratio (V/C) compared with other treatments (p < 0.05). The expression levels of NF-κB were lower in the ABP group. The CNG group had higher Escherichia coli and Enterococcus contents in cecal samples compared to other treatments (p < 0.05). Serum glucose, uric acid, TNF-α, and Secretory Immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) levels were higher in broilers challenged with E. coli (p < 0.001) than that with saline. Broilers challenged with E. coli had reduced taxa richness in the cecal samples. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in cecal samples revealed that a lower proportion of Firmicutes and a higher proportion of Proteobacteria were detected in the broilers challenged with E. coli. Compared with the controls, dietary ABPS supplementation increased serum total protein, albumin, and S-IgA levels, but decreased serum glucose, uric acid, and TNF-α levels in broilers (p < 0.05). Diet supplemented with ABPS increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and the abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, and altered cecal microbiota community structure. These results suggest that ABPS can promote growth performance and improve intestinal morphology and microbiota community structure in broilers challenged with E. coli K88.

Evaluating Pharmacological Effects of Two Major Components of Shuangdan Oral Liquid: Role of Danshensu and Paeonol in Diabetic Nephropathy Rat.

Shuangdan oral liquid (SDO) containing radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (Chinese name Danshen) and cortex moutan (Chinese name Mudanpi) is a traditional Chinese medicine using for treating vascular diseases. Danshensu (DSS) is a main effective monomer composition derived from radix Salviae miltiorrhizae and paeonol (Pae) from cortex moutan. Although the two herbs are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, the pharmacological functions of their active compositions were not reported. Therefore, the research of DSS and Pae in mechanisms and pharmacodynamics interaction can provide scientific evidence to support clinical application. The diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats which were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were treated with SDO, DSS, Pae, and DSS+Pae for eight weeks. The positive effects on DN animal models were investigated by detection of physiological and biochemical indexes and oxidative stress markers, within five treatments: SDO, DSS, Pae, DSS+Pae and insulin group. Compared with the model group, the DSS+Pae group improved the renal function, blood lipid metabolism and blood viscosity, increased the vitality of T-SOD or T-AOC and decreased the level of MDA or NO after the treatment. The study was successfully showed that the DSS+Pae group could delay the process of DN, especially in the renal injury part of histopathology changes. Our results suggest that the co-administration of DSS and Pae significantly may play a protective role in DN rats through decreasing the oxidative stress and improving the blood lipid metabolism mechanisms.

Quantitative three-dimensional analysis of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microsphere using hard X-ray nano-tomography revealed correlation between structural parameters and drug burst release.

The objective of this study was to investigate the use of transmission hard X-ray nano-computed-tomography (nano-CT) for characterization of the pore structure and drug distribution in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres encapsulating bovine serum albumin and to study the correlation between drug distribution and burst release. The PLGA microspheres were fabricated using a double-emulsion method. The results of pore structure analysis accessed with nano-CT were compared with those acquired by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Surface pore interconnectivity and surface protein interconnectivity were obtained using combined nano-CT and pixel analysis. The correlation between surface protein interconnectivity with the initial burst release across various tested formulations was also analyzed. The size, shape, and distribution of the pores and protein could be clearly observed in the whole microsphere using nano-CT, whereas only the sectional information was observed using SEM or CLSM. Interconnected pores and surface connected pores could be clearly distinguished in nano-CT, which enables the quantitative analysis of surface pore interconnectivity and surface protein interconnectivity. The surface protein interconnectivity in different formulations correlated well with the burst release at 5-10h. Nano-CT provided a nondestructive, high-resolution, and three-dimensional analysis method to characterize the porous microsphere.

Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide enhances immune response in weaned piglets.

The acquired immunity is underdeveloped at 3-4 weeks of age when piglets are usually weaned on commercial farms, and weaning is associated with compromised immunity. Dietary supplementation with immunomodulatory phytochemicals may enhance immune responses in the weaned piglets. This study is conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplemental achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide (ABP) on proliferation activity of lymphocytes, and production of antibodies, complements and cytokines in weaned piglets. Results showed that lymphocyte proliferation activity in piglets fed diets supplementing with 1000 and 1500 mg/kg ABP increased (P < 0.05) on days 14 and 28 compared with the non-additive piglets, as well as serum contents of IgG, IgA, IgM, C(3), C(4), IL (interleukin)-2 and IFN (interferon)-gamma. The ABP had dose-dependent immunomodulatory activity and the dose of 1500 mg/kg presented the strongest stimulating activity in vivo. In addition, the ABP increased (P < 0.05) the proliferation activity and production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma of cultured lymphocytes in dose- or time-dependent manner. The proliferation activity of peripheral T cells and splenic lymphocytes in 400 microg/ml of ABP group arrived at their peak values, as well as the production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma at 72 and 12 h after the treatment, respectively. Collectively, these findings suggested that dietary supplementation with ABP to weaned piglets enhances cellular and humoral immune responses, and ABP addition to culture medium also increases the proliferation activity and cytokine production of lymphocytes cultured in vitro, which indicate that dietary supplementation with the herbal polysaccharide may offer an effective alternative to antibiotics for weaned piglets.