Relationship between puberty growth and sexual development of boys / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the characteristics of puberty growth of boys and to explore the relationship between puberty growth and sexual development of boys.@*Methods@#Pubertal development of boys from grade 1 to grade 4 in Jiulongpo district of Chongqing was followed up once every six months. The data of height, weight, BMI, the age of first ejaculation and testicular development of boys from baseline to follow-up every 6 months for 5 years were analyzed. Based on peak height velocity (PHV), the average level of PHV and age at peak height velocity(PHA) were analyzed. ANOVA was used to compare the height growth rate of boys in different age groups before and after the first ejaculation. Kendall rank correlation was used to analyze the relationship between different stages of testicular development and BMI.@*Results@#The mean age of PHA was (11.72±1.03) years in adolescent height speed cohort, and the mean age of first ejaculation was (12.45±0.98) years before and after the first ejaculation cohort. There was significant difference in the increment of height before and after one year of the age of first ejaculation (P<0.05), the younger the age of the first ejaculation, the greater increase of height in the following year. The height, weight, BMI of boys aged 11 to 14 years were positively correlated with testicular volume(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The height growth of boys reached its peak one year before the first ejaculation, and began to decrease after first ejaculation, and the age of the first ejaculation of boys was negatively correlated with the increment of height in the following year, while the testicular development of boys was positively correlated with height, weight and BMI.

Fat embolism syndromes following liposuction.

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) after liposuction is likely a life-threatening disorder, though its incidence is low. The three chief clinical manifestations include respiratory insufficiency, cerebral involvement, and petechial rash. Although FES is a multisystem disorder, the most seriously affected organs are the lungs, brain, cardiavascular system, and skin. Many laboratory findings are characteristic but nonspecific. The pathogenesis of FES after liposuction has been looked at both mechanically and biochemically. Diagnosis is difficult; Gurd and Wilson's diagnostic criteria based on clinical examination is still extensively used in clinics at present. There is no specific therapy for FES after liposuction for the moment, so prevention, early diagnosis, and supportive therapies are important. In this article we discuss the clinical presentation, pathogensis, and current methods to prevent FES and, if possible, ways to treat this complication.

The relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism and microsatellite instability in gastric cancer / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism and microsatellite instability (MSI) in patients with gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphism were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and MSI was examined with PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were analyzed on 122 gastric cancers and 110 normal controls The genotype frequencies of MTHFR 677CC, 677CT and 677TT were 47.5%, 39.3% and 13.1% on patients with gastric cancer, and 48.5%, 42.6%, 8.9% in the controls respectively. There was no significant difference of genotype frequency between the two groups (P > 0.05). The individuals with 677CT genotype, 677TT genotype and 677CT + TT genotype exhibited significantly reduced risk (OR = 0.38,95% CI: 0.15-0.98; OR = 0.26,95% CI: 0.03-2.18 and OR = 0.36,95% CI: 0.07-0.98) of developing gastric cardia cancer compared with those harboring the wild-type(677CC). The individuals with 677TT genotype having a 3.03-fold (95% CI: 1.07-8.65) increased risk of developing gastric corpus cancer. The genotype frequency of MTHFR 1298AA, 1298AC and 1298CC were 59.8%, 36.1% and 4.1% in gastric cancer patients, and 57.4%, 7.6%, 5.0% in the controls, respectively. The distribution of MTHFR A1298C genotype was not significantly different between gastric cancer and controls (P > 0.05). The individuals with 1298CC genotype had a reduced risk of developing gastric antrum cancer (OR = 0.41- fold, 95% CI: 0.03-2.18, 0.05-3.72) when comparing with those having 1298AA genotype. Patients with MSI+ gastric cancer had an increased frequency of the MTHFR 677TT genotype when comparing with those suffering from MSI- gastric cancer (P = 0.009) and with controlled subjects (P = 0.008). There was no significant association found between MTHFR A1298C polymorphism and MSI (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Polymorphism of MTHFR C677T was associated with increased risk on gastric corpus cancer and reduced risk on gastric cardia cancer. The polymorphism of MTHFR A1298C was associated with reduced risk for gastric antrum cancer while MSI pathway was possibly involved in the development of gastric cancer with MTHFR 677TT genotype.</p>

Antisense DNMT1 gene fragment in the sensitivity change of SMMC-7721 cells to tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand and its mechanism / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the sensitivity change of SMMC-7721 cells transfected with antisense DNMT1 gene fragment to tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cell survival rate was measured by trypan blue, apoptosis rate by TUNEL method and the expression of bcl-2, bax and bad by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cell survival rate of SMMC-7721 cells transfected with antisense DNMT1 gene fragment was markedly lower than that transfected with sense DNMT1 gene fragment or empty vector (P < 0.05 and 0.01), but the apoptosis rate was on the contrary (P < 0.05 or 0.01). The expression of bax and bad (especially the former), but not bcl-2 of SMMC-7721 cells transfected with antisense DNMT1 gene fragment was markedly higher than those of SMMC-7721 cells transfected with sense DNMT1 gene fragment or empty vector.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sensitivity of SMMC-7721 cells to TRAIL can be enhanced by the transfection of antisense DNMT1 gene fragment, which may be related to the increase of bax and bad expression.</p>

Cooperative anti-tumor effect of aspirin and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the anti-tumor effect of combination TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) with aspirin on liver cancer cell line, SMMC-7721.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The survival fraction of SMMC-7721 cells was measured by MTT assay, apoptosis rate and cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of apoptosis-related gene was identified by western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival fraction of SMMC-7721 cells treated with 300 ng/ml TRAIL, 3 mmol/L or 10 mmol/L aspirin alone was 82.76%, 81.34% and 71.29% respectively, and the survival fractions of SMMC-7721 cells treated with TRAIL and 3 mmol/L or 10 mmol/L aspirin were 43.54% and 37.8% respectively. The apoptosis rates of SMMC-7721 cells induced by TRAIL and 3 mmol/L or 10 mmol/L aspirin were higher than that induced by TRAIL or aspirin alone (34.76% and 38.56% vs 21.25%, 1.89% and 6.08%), and G0/G1 arrest was observed under TRAIL and aspirin. The expression of Bcl-2 in SMMC-7721 cells treated by 3 mmol/L or 10 mmol/L aspirin decreased markedly, but no effect on Bax.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cooperative anti-tumor effect of aspirin and TRAIL may be related to the inhibition of the expression of Bcl-2 by aspirin</p>