The application value of p53 and PD-L1 detection in ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy specimens in breast cancer / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of p53 and PD-L1 in ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy specimens of breast cancer, and to analyze their application value.Methods:Ninety-eight patients who underwent ultrasound-guided coarse needle puncture biopsy and radical operation admitted to our hospital from Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2022 were selected as the study objects. The clinical data of patients were collected, the expression of p53 and PD-L1 in puncture biopsy specimens and radical surgical excision specimens were detected by immunohistochemical experiment, and the consistency was analyzed. Statistical test was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of p53 and PD-L1 and the pathological parameters of patients.Results:In 98 patients, the positive rate of p53 and PD-L1 in core needle biopsy specimens was 48.0% and 55.1%, respectively. The positive rate of p53 and PD-L1 in radical operative specimens was 62.2% and 61.2%, respectively. The concordance rates of p53 and PD-L1 were 63.6% ( κ=0.441, P<0.001) and 65.3% ( κ=0.505, P<0.001) between core needle biopsy specimens and radical operative specimens. Taking the results of radical operative specimens as the standard, the cases with positive expression of p53 and PD-L1 in core needle biopsy specimens were all positive in radical operative specimens, and the specificity was 100%. p53 was determined negative in 25 coarse needle biopsy specimens, however, p53 was positive in radical surgical specimens, and the false negative rate of coarse needle puncture was 49.0 %. PD-L1 was determined negative in 20 coarse needle biopsy specimens, but it was determined positive in radical operative specimens, and the false negative rate of coarse needle puncture was 41.7 %. There was no significant correlation between the consistency rate of p53 and PD-L1 expression and the number of puncture cores, the length of puncture cores, the length of invasive carcinoma and the proportion of invasive carcinoma (all P>0.05). The expressions of p53 and PD-L1 in core needle biopsy specimens were significantly correlated with tumor size, pTNM stage and Ki67 (all P<0.05), but not with age, BMI, family history, histological type or Nottingham histological grade (all P>0.05) . Conclusion:The concordance rates of p53 and PD-L1 expression between ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy specimens and radical resection specimens of breast cancer were 63.6% and 65.3%, respectively, and the specificity of positive detection results were both 100%, which has certain guiding significance for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.

Short-term medication of dapagliflozin exacerbates CCl4 induced acute liver injury / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the role and mechanism of dapagliflozin (Dapa), a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, in acute liver injury. 【Methods】 Eight-week-old C57BL6/J mice were given a single intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 to induce acute liver injury. The mice were preventively given 5 mg/kg Dapa by gavage 24 h and 2 h before CCl4 injection, while those in the control group were given an equal volume of solvent gavage. After 24 h, the mice were anesthetized and sacrificed. H&E staining, plasma biochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting were used to detect the severity of liver injury and the expressions of macrophage-related genes. 【Results】 In the CCl4 group, hepatic infiltration of inflammatory cells increased, and liver and renal functions significantly deteriorated, which was further aggravated by Dapa. CCl4 could promote the expressions of M1 macrophages and fibrosis-related genes in the liver, but reduce those of M2 and antioxidant-related genes, and the latter was further inhibited by Dapa. In addition, the protein expression of arginase 1 decreased and that of SGLT2 increased after Dapa intervention, while NF-κB pathway did not change significantly, suggesting that Dapa might directly affect the energy metabolism homeostasis in the liver and aggravate acute liver injury induced by CCl4. 【Conclusion】 Dapa can exacerbate hepatic and renal damage in acute stage of liver injury, inhibit macrophages M2 polarization, and aggravate oxidative stress and inflammatory injury induced by CCl4.

Quality Difference Analysis of Raw and Steamed Products of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Based on Electronic Eye Technique and Chemical Fingerprint / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the quality differences between steamed products and raw products of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium（CRP）. MethodThe color of steamed products and raw products of CRP was determined from the perspective of appearance by electronic eye technique， and the quality differences between them was objectively characterized by the luminous value（L*）， yellow-blue value（b*）， red-green value（a*） and total chromatic value（E*ab）. Based on this， ultra-high performance liquid chromatography（UPLC） was used to establish a fingerprint evaluation method with the mobile phase of acetonitrile（A）-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution（B） for gradient elution（0-5 min， 5%A； 5-30 min， 5%-20%A； 30-60 min， 20%-52%A）， detection wavelength at 270 nm， flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1 and column temperature of 30 ℃. The quality differences between steamed products and raw products of CRP were compared from the perspective of chemical composition， and correlation analysis was used to reveal the correlation between the difference in appearance color and the difference in internal chemical composition. ResultAfter being steamed， L*， b* and E*ab of CRP showed an overall decreasing trend， indicating that the color of the steamed products darkened and deepened from yellow to blue but still tended to be yellow， while a* showed an overall increasing trend， indicating that the color of the steamed products tended to red. A total of 24 peaks were identified in the fingerprint profiles of raw products and steamed products of CRP， and 13 of the main peaks were identified. The precision， stability and repeatability studies showed that compared with the reference peak （peak 14， hesperidin）， the relative standard deviations（RSDs） of the relative peak area and relative retention time of the remaining peaks were<3.0%.The results of chemometric statistical analysis showed that there were some differences between raw products and steamed products of CRP， and 7 main differential components were identified， among which 5-hydroxymaltol（peak 1） and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural（peak 2） were the characteristic components of steamed products. The correlation analysis results showed that， in addition to the above two characteristic components， four components of peak 4， peak 10 （vicenin-2）， peak 23 （tangeretin） and peak 24 （5-demethylnobiletin） also correlated significantly with the color change （E*ab） of the samples （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionBefore and after steaming， not only the chemical composition changes， but also the color. Comparing the characteristic peaks of chemical composition difference and color difference before and after steaming of CRP， it is found that 5-hydroxymaltol， 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and peak 4 are common characteristic difference components， which can provide a reference for establishing the characteristic quality control method of steamed products， and quickly evaluating the quality difference between raw products and steamed products of CRP.

High neutralizing antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron after UB-612 booster vaccination

The highly transmissible Omicron variant has caused high rates of breakthrough infections among vaccinated and convalescent individuals. Here, we demonstrate that a booster dose of UB-612 vaccine candidate delivered 7-9 months after primary vaccination increases neutralizing antibody levels by 131-, 61- and 49-fold against ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants, respectively. Based on the RBD protein binding antibody responses, we estimated a [~]95% efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 caused by the ancestral strain after a UB-612 booster. Our results support UB-612 vaccine as a potent booster against current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.

A cross-sectional study of the psychological status of 33,706 hospital workers at the late stage of the COVID-19 outbreak.

BACKGROUND: Hospital workers have been under intense psychological pressure since the COVID-19 outbreak. We analyzed the psychological status of hospital staff in the late period of the COVID-19 to provide a basis for the construction of global health care after the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS: We used online surveys to assess participants' self-reported symptoms at the late stage of the outbreak. This study collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, epidemic-related factors, psychological status (PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PHQ-15), psychological assistance needs, perceived stress and support, PTSD symptoms (PCL-C) and suicidal and self-injurious ideation (SSI). Participants were hospital workers in all positions from 46 hospitals. Chi-square tests to compare the scales and logistic regression analysis were used to identify risk factors for PTSD and SSI. RESULTS: Among the 33,706 participants, the prevalences of depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, PTSD symptoms, and SSI were 35.8%, 24.4%, 49.7%, 5.0%, and 1.3%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that work in a general ward, attention to the epidemic, high education, work in non-first-line departments, insufficient social support, and anxiety and somatization symptoms were influencing factors of PTSD (P<0.05). The independent risk factors for SSI were female gender; psychological assistance needs; contact with severe COVID-19 patients; high stress at work; single or divorced marital status; insufficient social support; and depression, anxiety or PTSD symptoms (P<0.05). LIMITATIONS: This cross-sectional study could not reveal causality, and voluntary participation may have led to selection bias. The longer longitudinal studies are needed to determine the long-term psychological impact. CONCLUSION: This COVID-19 pandemic had a sustained, strong psychological impact on hospital workers, and hospital workers with PTSD symptoms were a high-risk group for SSI in the later period of the epidemic. Continuous attention and positive psychological intervention are of great significance for specific populations.

Clinical application of a Kirschner wire assisted double-hook water-injection hernia needle in complicated pediatric oblique inguinal hernia / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical value of single-hole laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure operation using a Kirschner wire assisted double-hook water-injection hernia needle in treating complicated pediatric oblique inguinal hernia.Methods:The clinical data of 366 children with oblique inguinal hernia treated in the Department of Urology Surgery, Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 2020 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the surgical methods, the children were divided into the ordinary crochet needle group and the Kirschner wire assisted group.Children treated by a single-port laparoscopic double hook water-injection hernia crochet needle (309 cases) were classified into the ordinary crochet needle group.Children treated by a single-port laparoscopic Kirschner wire assisted double hook water-injection hernia crochet needle (57 cases) were included in the Kirschner wire assisted group.The independent sample t-test and rank sum test was used to compare the relevant clinical indicators between the two groups. Results:Compared with the ordinary crochet needle group, children in the Kirschner wire assisted group were younger at surgery[(2.87±1.88) years vs.(4.91±2.39) years] and had larger hernia sacs [17 303.89(8 622.49, 37 295.42) mm 3vs.9 650.97(3 849.24, 17 539.51) mm 3]. The differences in the age at surgery and hernia sac volume were statistically significant ( t=-5.407, Z=-4.218; all P<0.001). There was no significant difference in body mass index between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Taking hernias with sac volume >10 000 mm 3 as huge hernias, there were 70.18%(40/57 cases) and 47.25%(146/309 cases) of huge hernias in the Kirschner wire assisted group and the ordinary crochet needle group, respectively.The overall operation time of the Kirschner wire assisted group was significantly longer than that of the ordinary crochet needle group[(20(15, 20) min vs.15(15, 20) min] ( Z=-2.842, P<0.05). However, the operation time for huge oblique hernias with sac volume >10 000 mm 3 was not statistically significant between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). No recurrence in both groups was found during 6-16 months of follow-up. Conclusions:For complicated oblique inguinal hernia in children with a huge hernia or obvious retroperitoneal folds at the internal ring and heavy scar adhesion between the hernia sac and abdominal wall, the insertion of a Kirschner wire can help the hernia crochet needle to traverse the vas de-ferens and spermatic cord vessels smoothly.As a single port laparoscopic operation, the Kirschner wire assisted hernia crochet needle requires no addition of trocar holes and leaves only a small surgical scar.With good feasibility and safety, it is applicable for clinical popularization.

Association of normal weight obesity with carotid atherosclerosis and peripheral arterial stiffness / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the association of normal weight obesity （NWO） with carotid atherosclerosis （CAS） and peripheral arterial stiffness （PAS） in persons received physical examination. 【Methods】 A total of 1 894 people with normal BMI （18.5-23.9 kg/m2） were consecutively enrolled for this study. All these people had completed body fat measurement， carotid artery ultrasound examination and peripheral arterial stiffness detection. Then they were divided into control group， CAS group， PAS group， and CAS + PAS group according to the test results mentioned above. Clinical data were compared between different groups to assess the baseline situation. Besides， Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent risk factors for atherosclerosis. 【Results】 The proportion of NWO in CAS group， PAS group， and CAS + PAS group was significantly higher than that in normal group （P<0.05）. Univariate analysis results showed that NWO was correlated with greater risks of both CAS and PAS （P<0.05）. However， multiple factors analysis suggested that NWO was not associated with PAS， but with CAS （OR=1.286， 95% CI： 1.032-1.603， P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 NWO is closely related to the occurrence of CAS and may be an independent risk factor for CAS. Attention should be paid to the body fat mass of the NWO population. Early intervention is needed to prevent the occurrence of CAS in these people.

Magnesium citrate inhibits hyperphosphorus-induced VSMCs calcification through activating calcium-sensitive receptor / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the inhibitory effect of magnesium citrate （MgCit） on hyperphosphorus-induced VSMCs calcification and its mechanisms. 【Methods】 VSMCs were divided into the following groups： normal control group， high-phosphorus group， low-dose MgCit group， high-dose MgCit group and high-dose MgCit+NPS2143 （calcium-sensitive receptor inhibitor） group. Alizarin red staining was used for semi-quantitative analysis of VSMCs calcification and the calcium content in VSMCs was detected by the commercial kit. The osteogenic transdifferentiation parameters including alkaline phosphatase （ALP） activity， as well as mRNA and protein levels of smooth muscle 22α （SM22α）， runt-related transcription factor 2 （RUNX2） and bone morphogenetic protein 2 （BMP2）， were detected in each group. 【Results】 Compared with those in the control group， the calcium content of VSMCs in the model group was increased， ALP activity， and the mRNA and protein expressions of RUNX2 and BMP2 were increased， and the mRNA expression of SM22α was decreased （P<0.05）. MgCit could reduce VSMCs calcification， decrease ALP activity， decrease mRNA and protein levels of RUNX2 and BMP2， and increase mRNA levels of SM22α induced by high-phosphorous （P<0.05）. The above effects of MgCit were reduced when NPS2143 was administered simultaneously （P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 MgCit can reduce VSMCs calcification and osteogenic transdifferentiation induced by high phosphorus through activating of CaSR.

Network pharmacology explores the potential mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza in the treatment of coronary heart disease complicated with depression or anxiety disorder / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the potential mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its active monomers in patients with coronary heart disease （CHD） complicated with depression or anxiety disorder based on network pharmacology. 【Methods】 We collected the clinical data of 147 patients with CHD admitted to our hospital from March to April 2021 and investigated biochemical examination， drug treatment and the use of Chinese herbal compound. The downstream targets of active monomers of Salvia miltiorrhiza were screened based on TCMSP， PubChem and SwissTargetPrediction databases， and depression or anxiety-related genes were mining in OMIM， GeneCards and TTD databases. Protein-protein interaction network and GO and KEGG gene enrichment analyses were performed by matching Chinese herbal compound with disease targets. Chinese herbal compound-target-disease network was built by Cytoscape. 【Results】 Shuxuening （44.9%）， Salviae miltiorrhiza （27.9%）， and Sofren injection （21.8%） were the most commonly used Chinese herbal or injections in the clinical treatment of CHD， and there was no difference in the frequency of use between genders. Network pharmacology showed that the active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza might act on neuroactive ligand-receptor binding， 5-hydroxytryptamine synapses and dopaminergic synapses and participate in the regulation of neurotransmitter transport， dopamine and catecholamine metabolism and stress response. Target-disease network analysis showed that many active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza interacted with catechol-O-methyltransferase， monoamine oxidase， 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor and opioid receptor， which may be the potential targets of Salvia miltiorrhiza in improving depression and anxiety. 【Conclusion】 Salvia miltiorrhiza is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters and synaptic activities， thus making it a potential drug for the clinical treatment of CHD complicated with depression and anxiety disorder.

Correlation of the intake of major macronutrients with serum lipid and uric acid / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the correlation of the intake of different nutrients with the levels of serum lipids and uric acid. 【Methods】 Based on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey （CHNS2009）， a total of 1 343 individuals were finally included by ID matching with demographic data， serological tests and dietary nutrition results. We compared serum lipids and uric acid levels between groups of different nutrients intake （group Q1-Q4） and conducted the correlation analysis. 【Results】 The total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， and low-density lipoprotein （LDL-C） in the men were significantly higher than those in the women， while high-density lipoprotein （HDL-C） was significantly lower in the men. The average intakes of daily energy， carbohydrate， fat and protein were significantly higher in the males than in the females. Intergroup comparisons and correlation analyses showed that total energy and protein intakes were positively correlated with TG （r=0.070 9，P=0.008 4；r=0.051 7，P=0.012 3）， while fat intake was positively correlated with TC （r=0.086 1，P=0.001 4）. The blood uric acid level was positively correlated with the intake of fat and protein （r=0.127 3，P<0.001；r=0.138 0，P<0.001）. The results of subgroup analysis of the males were consistent with those of the whole population. However， there was a significantly negative correlation between carbohydrate intake and blood uric acid level in the females （r=-0.107 9，P＝0.002 2）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that TC， TG and uric acid were correlated with gender， age and intake of different nutrients. 【Conclusion】 The levels of blood uric acid and lipids are significantly higher in men than in women. Different types of dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia are related to different nutrient intakes in different genders and ages.

Correlation of platelet/albumin ratio, platelet/hemoglobin ratio and C-reactive protein/albumin ratio with diabetes in a population-based study / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the association of platelet/albumin ratio （PAR）， platelet/hemoglobin （PHR） and C-reactive protein/albumin （CAR） with diabetes mellitus. 【Methods】 Based on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey （CHNS2009）， with gender and age matched by their ID， a total of 8 258 individuals with serological test results were finally included and were divided into diabetes group and control group according to the fasting blood glucose and HbA1c， and then the blood lipid and blood cell changes， PAR， PHR and CAR differences between groups were compared， and the correlation analysis of diabetes was performed. 【Results】 Compared with those in the control group， serum uric acid， total cholesterol， triacylglycerol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） were significantly increased in diabetes group， while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） was significantly decreased. Besides， there was no significant difference in PAR or PHR between the two groups， while CAR was significantly increased in diabetes （0.48±0.18 vs. 0.08±0.23， P<0.001）， and was positively correlated with the levels of fasting glucose （r=0.181 8， P<0.001）， HbA1c （r=0.186 6， P<0.001）， and HOMA-IR （r=0.188 1， P=0.003）. However， CAR was not an independent risk factor for diabetes. In addition， increased red blood cell count （B=1.324， 95% CI： 1.182-1.483， P<0.001） and leukocytes count （B=1.230， 95% CI： 1.166-1.298， P<0.001） may be independent risk factors for the incidence of diabetes. 【Conclusion】 CAR is correlated with diabetes mellitus， but it is not an independent risk factor. Dyslipidemia， elevated leukocytes and red blood cell counts may be independent risk factors for diabetes， but further study is needed.

Clinical characteristics and mechanism of COVID-19 vaccine-related myocarditis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the clinical characteristics and potential mechanism of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） vaccine-related myocarditis. 【Methods】 We made a systematic literature retrieval based on PubMed to search for all reports on COVID-19 vaccine-related myocarditis published by August 31， 2021. A total of 29 reports involving 71 patients with myocarditis were enrolled after screening. The patients’ demographic data， vaccination， clinical manifestations， biochemical and imaging results， treatments， and outcomes were extracted and summarized. The patients were divided into prior COVID （n=12） and non-prior COVID （n=59） according to their previous medical history. 【Results】 COVID vaccine-related myocarditis was more common in men （91.5%） and after the second dose of mRNA vaccine （81.7%）. The average time to onset was 3 （1， 25） days， and the main symptoms included chest pain （94.4%）， fever （45.1%）， myalgia （26.8%）， and shortness of breath （16.9%）. Abnormal troponin level was present in almost all the patients， with a common elevation of C-reactive protein. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and colchicine were widely used in clinical treatment， and the symptoms of one-fifth of the patients were relieved after symptomatic therapy， with 1 to 2 weeks’ length of hospital stay. However， the risk of vaccine-related myocarditis was significantly increased in patients with previous COVID-19 infection， which was more common after the first dose of vaccine （58.3%） other than the second dose. And the clinical symptoms and outcomes were somewhat different from those without COVID-19 infection previously. 【Conclusion】 Myocarditis is one of the serious adverse events related to COVID-19 vaccine， with an overall relatively low incidence， mild clinical severity， and favorable prognosis. Vaccine-related myocarditis may be a combined result of primed immune system and individual susceptibility after infection with COVID-19.

Discussion on the moral culture construction of medical and health industry in China based on the circular cases of violating the " nine prohibitions" / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of the circular cases violating the " nine prohibitions" in recent years, so as to provide a basis for further strengthening the moral culture construction of the healthcare industry.Methods:Data came from the reported cases released on official websites of the discipline inspection committees, supervision committees and health committees at all levels in China from December 2013 to August 2021, which were identified by searching the keyword " case or report or moral culture and nine prohibitions" . Descriptive analysis and frequency analysis were conducted on the reported time, region and province, as well as the involved units, departments, persons, punishment results and case classification data of all the cases.Results:A total of 102 cases violating the " nine prohibitions" were included, of which the cases from 2014 to 2015 topped the rest, accounting for 51.96%(53 cases). Top three regions of these cases were central China, east China and southwest China, with 31 cases, 27 cases and 18 cases respectively. The units involved were mainly tertiary medical institutions, accounting for 44.12%(45 cases). More medical staff(134 people) than administrative staff(85 people) were involved in the cases. The largest number of cases was receiving kickbacks, with 52 cases(50.98%). The punishment results of cases included judicial procedures(76 people), Party discipline and government discipline punishment(67 people) and organizational punishment(76 people).Conclusions:Moral culture problem in China′s healthcare sector is characterized in wide coverage, complexity, comprehensiveness and long-term. Relevant authorities should keep up their efforts in enhancing the awareness of medical workers, improving the synergy mechanism in this regard, and strengthening the internal management of medical institutions.

Effects of different processing methods on the contents of the pharmacodynamic index components and antioxidant activity of Citrus aurantium / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To stu dy the effects of different processing me thods on the contents of the pharmacodynamic index components in Citrus aurantium and their antioxidant activity. METHODS According to the general principles of 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （volume Ⅳ） and the relevant processing methods in 2015 edition of Processing Specifications of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang Province ，the samples of C. aurantium were prepared by steaming with water ，boiling with water ，stir-frying with vinegar ，stir-frying with wine ，stir-frying with bran ，processing with bran and processing with honey. The contents of moisture and ash in different products of C. aurantium were detected. The contents of naringin and neohesperidin in different products of C. aurantium were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant activity of different products was investigated by DPPH and ABTS + radical scavenging experiments and the total reducing power test. RESULTS The contents of moisture ，ash，naringin and neohesperidin were in line with the relevant requirements in 2015 edition of Processing Specifications of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang Province . The content of naringin in descending order was as follow ： unprocessed sample ＞sample processed with honey ＞sample processed with bran ＞sample boiled with water ＞sample stir-fried with vinegar＞sample stir-fried with wine ＞sample stir-fried with bran ＞sample steamed with water. The content of neohesperidin in descending order was as follow ：unprocessed sample ＞sample boiled with water ＞sample processed with bran ＞sample processed with honey ＞sample stir-fried with vinegar ＞sample steamed with water ＞sample stir-fried with wine ＞sample stir-fried with bran. The samples after boiling with water ，processing with bran ，and stir-fried with bran had better DPPH radicals scavenging ability （IC50 were 7.49，8.37 and 10.22 mg/mL，respectively）. The samples after boiling with water ，steaming with water ，and processed with bran had better ABTS + radicals scavenging ability （IC50 were 1.76，2.03 and 2.72 mg/mL，respectively）. In addition ， compared with sample stir-fried with wine and processed with 发。E-mail：wanglu1286@163.com honey，unprocessed sample and other processed products of C.aurantium had bet ter total reducing ability. CONCLUSIONS After processing ，the contents of the main pharmacodynamic index components in C. aurantium have been reduced ，but they were also in line with the relevant requirements in 2015 edition of Processing Specifications of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang Province . The antioxidant ability of some processed products has been enhanced.

Antimicrobial resistance profiling and molecular typing of ruminant-borne isolates of Clostridium perfringens from Xinjiang, China.

OBJECTIVES: Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) can cause intestinal diseases in livestock and humans, which seriously threatens the healthy development of animal husbandry and human food safety. Here, the characteristics of antimicrobial resistance and molecular typing of ruminant-borne strains of C. perfringens in Xinjiang, China were explored and profiled. METHODS: A total of 307 clinical feces collected from ruminants (cattle and sheep) with diarrheal symptoms were screened for C. perfringens. The recovered isolates were characterized in respect to their antimicrobial resistance pattern and molecular typing. RESULTS: A total of 109 isolates of C. perfringens were isolated from 307 clinical feces of ruminants, most of which displayed the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype. Demonstration of the quinolone-resistance gene was the highest among the isolates (70.6%). The multiplex PCR typing based on toxin genes showed that type A and type D strains made up 82.6% (90/109) and 17.4% (19/109), among which, the isolates carrying ß2 gene occupied 43.3% (39/90) of type A strains and 31.6% (6/19) of type D strains. These isolates were divided into 6 genotypes (I-VI) by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence-based PCR (ERIC-PCR) method. A total of 33 ST types (ST1-ST33) were identified by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) method. CONCLUSION: C. perfringens isolates with multidrug resistance (MDR) were frequent and circulating in ruminants. Among them, type A-Ⅰ-ST19 was the dominant genotype of C. perfringens, displaying obvious genetic diversity. This study provided important epidemiological data for the risk assessment of food safety associated with ruminant-borne C. perfringens in Xinjiang, China.

Molecular detection and genetic diversity of bovine papillomavirus in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China

Background@#Bovine papillomatosis is a type of proliferative tumor disease of skin and mucosae caused by bovine papillomavirus (BPV). As a transboundary and emerging disease in cattle, it poses a potential threat to the dairy industry. @*Objectives@#The aim of this study is to detect and clarify the genetic diversity of BPV circulating in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China. @*Methods@#122 papilloma skin lesions from 8 intensive dairy farms located in different regions of Xinjiang, China were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The genetic evolution relationships of various types of BPVs were analyzed by examining this phylogenetic tree. @*Results@#Ten genotypes of BPV (BPV1, BPV2, BPV3, BPV6, BPV7, BPV8, BPV10, BPV11, BPV13, and BPV14) were detected and identified in dairy cows. These were the first reported detections of BPV13 and BPV14 in Xinjiang, Mixed infections were detected, and there were geographical differences in the distribution of the BPV genotypes. Notably, the BPV infection rate among young cattle (< 1-year-old) developed from the same supply of frozen sperm was higher than that of the other young cows naturally raised under the same environmental conditions. @*Conclusions@#Genotyping based on the L1 gene of BPV showed that BPVs circulating in Xinjiang China displayed substantial genetic diversity. This study provided valuable data at the molecular epidemiology level, which is conducive to developing deep insights into the genetic diversity and pathogenic characteristics of BPVs in dairy cows.

Molecular detection and genetic diversity of bovine papillomavirus in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China

Background@#Bovine papillomatosis is a type of proliferative tumor disease of skin and mucosae caused by bovine papillomavirus (BPV). As a transboundary and emerging disease in cattle, it poses a potential threat to the dairy industry. @*Objectives@#The aim of this study is to detect and clarify the genetic diversity of BPV circulating in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China. @*Methods@#122 papilloma skin lesions from 8 intensive dairy farms located in different regions of Xinjiang, China were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The genetic evolution relationships of various types of BPVs were analyzed by examining this phylogenetic tree. @*Results@#Ten genotypes of BPV (BPV1, BPV2, BPV3, BPV6, BPV7, BPV8, BPV10, BPV11, BPV13, and BPV14) were detected and identified in dairy cows. These were the first reported detections of BPV13 and BPV14 in Xinjiang, Mixed infections were detected, and there were geographical differences in the distribution of the BPV genotypes. Notably, the BPV infection rate among young cattle (< 1-year-old) developed from the same supply of frozen sperm was higher than that of the other young cows naturally raised under the same environmental conditions. @*Conclusions@#Genotyping based on the L1 gene of BPV showed that BPVs circulating in Xinjiang China displayed substantial genetic diversity. This study provided valuable data at the molecular epidemiology level, which is conducive to developing deep insights into the genetic diversity and pathogenic characteristics of BPVs in dairy cows.

Correlation between 21-gene recurrence score and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with Lumina type breast cancer and its clinical significance / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To analyze the correlation between 21-gene recurrence score (RS) and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with Lumina type breast cancer, and to explore its significance in individualized treatment.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 59 patients with surgical resection and pathological diagnosis of Lumina type breast cancer in Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of 21 gene and RS was calculated. According to the 21-gene RS, the patients were divided into low recurrence risk group (RS < 18 points), intermediate recurrence risk group (RS 18-31 points) and high recurrence risk group (RS > 31 points). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were made to evaluate the correlations between different recurrence risk and clinicopathological characteristics of patients and their influence on the choice of adjuvant chemotherapy.Results:Based on the 21-gene RS, 29 patients were in low recurrence risk group, 22 cases were in intermediate recurrence risk group, and 8 cases were in high recurrence risk group. Single-factor analysis showed that age ( P = 0.012), maximum mass diameter ( P = 0.031), histological grade ( P = 0.036), progesterone receptor (PR) level ( P = 0.015), Ki-67 positive index ( P = 0.049) and molecular typing ( P = 0.010) were influencing factors of 21-gene RS recurrence risk. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age and Ki-67 positive index were negatively correlated with 21-gene RS recurrence risk (both P < 0.05). After grouping according to the 21-gene RS, 17 patients in the intermediate recurrence risk group (according to the traditional postoperative recurrence risk grouping method for breast cancer) were classified as low recurrence risk group, and 4 patients in the low recurrence risk group were classified as intermediate recurrence risk group ( χ2 = 4.535, P = 0.033). After grouping based on 21-gene RS, the number of patients who needed chemotherapy in individualized treatment decreased. Of the 17 cases, 11 cases did not undergo postoperative chemotherapy, and the remaining patients received chemotherapy. The postoperative follow-up period was 11-22 months. As of March 2020, there was no recurrence or disease progress. Conclusion:The 21-gene RS can provide objective basis for the individualized precise treatment and prognosis prediction for patients with early-stage Lumina type breast cancer.

Visualization analysis of research hotspots in non-surgical treatments for idiopathic scoliosis / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To visualize the research hot spots and frontiers of non-surgical treatments for idiopathic scoliosis (IS) based on CiteSpace.Methods:The Web of Science Core Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 1990 to 2020 were searched for studies of non-surgical treatments of idiopathic scoliosis. The time, distributions of nations, institutions, academic disciplines and keywords of literature were analyzed. With CiteSpace 5.7.R4 and Excel 2017, the visualized knowledge graphs and the data tables were generated.Results:A total of 822 studies including 548 articles in English and 274 articles in Chinese were retrieved, including 378 articles published during 2015—2020. The top three nations with higher number of published articles were USA (114 studies), Canada (77 studies) and China (68 studies). Studies covered 33 disciplines, including rehabilitation, engineering and orthopedics, and the betweenness centrality of rehabilitation medicine was the highest (0.59). The non-surgical treatment research was focused on adolescents (187 studies) and brace treatment (116 studies). From 1990 to 2014, the non-surgical treatment of IS mainly focused on the brace treatment (70.4%,69/98) in domestic studies. After 2014, comprehensive treatments such as exercise therapy and manual therapy gradually became the research trend in this field (61.3%,92/150). Research hotspots included different forms of brace treatment (betweenness centrality: 0.31), exercise (6 studies), manual therapy (3 studies), guide of medicine (2 studies), acupuncture therapy (2 studies) of non-surgical treatments. Among top 30 research institutions for domestic publication of Chinese literature, there were 22 tertiary hospitals, 1 secondary hospital, 5 schools, 1 comprehensive rehabilitation service organization, and 1 community health service center.Conclusion:The research content of non-surgical treatment for idiopathic scoliosis tends to be diversified, comprehensive treatment of exercise therapy, brace therapy, and manual therapy are currently the main research hotspots.

The psychological status of 8817 hospital workers during COVID-19 Epidemic: A cross-sectional study in Chongqing.

BACKGROUND: There was an outbreak of COVID-19 towards the end of 2019 in China, which spread all over the world rapidly. The Chinese healthcare system is facing a big challenge where hospital workers are experiencing enormous psychological pressure. This study aimed to (1) investigate the psychological status of hospital workers and (2) provide references for psychological crisis intervention in the future. METHOD: An online survey was conducted to collect sociodemographic features, epidemic-related factors, results of PHQ-9, GAD-7, PHQ-15, suicidal and self-harm ideation (SSI), and the score of stress and support scales. Chi-square test, t-test, non-parametric, and logistic regression analysis were used to detect the risk factors to psychological effect and SSI. RESULTS: 8817 hospital workers participated in this online survey. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, and SSI were 30.2%, 20.7%, 46.2%, and 6.5%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that female, single, Tujia minority, educational background of junior or below, designated or county hospital, need for psychological assistance before or during the epidemic, unconfident about defeating COVID-19, ignorance about the epidemic, willingness of attending parties, and poor self-rated health condition were independent factors associated with high-level depression, somatic symptom, and SSI among hospital workers (P<0.05). LIMITATIONS: This cross-sectional study cannot reveal the causality, and voluntary participation could be prone to selection bias. A modified epidemic-related stress and support scale without standardization was used. The number of hospital workers in each hospital was unavailable. CONCLUSION: There were a high level of psychological impact and SSI among hospital workers, which needed to be addressed. County hospital workers were more severe and easier to be neglected. More studies on cognitive and behavioral subsequence after a public health disaster among hospital workers are needed.