RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7) is pivotal in diverse diseases progression. Importantly, SIRT7 is associated with melanin production. However, whether SIRT7 regulates vitiligo is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of SIRT7 on pigmentation and the modification of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). METHODS: After knockdown SIRT7 and G6PD, pigmentation of melanocytes was evaluated using commercial kits, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis. The succinylation of G6PD mediated by SIRT7 was analyzed using co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, Western blot analysis, and cycloheximide-chase experiment. RESULTS: We found that SIRT7 was highly expressed in vitiligo skin lesions. Knockdown of SIRT7 increased tyrosinase activity, melanin content, and the levels of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, MITF, TYR, TRP1, and TRP2. Additionally, SIRT7 directly interacted with G6PD. Silenced SIRT7 promoted the succinylation of G6PD and enhanced its protein stability. G6PD knockdown reversed the effect of reduced SIRT7 expression on melanin production. CONCLSUION: Silencing of SIRT7 promotes pigmentation of melanocytes by succinylating G6PD, suggesting that SIRT7-mediated G6PD desuccinylation may promote vitiligo progression.
Asunto(s)
Progresión de la Enfermedad , Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa , Melaninas , Melanocitos , Sirtuinas , Vitíligo , Vitíligo/metabolismo , Vitíligo/patología , Humanos , Melanocitos/metabolismo , Melanocitos/patología , Sirtuinas/metabolismo , Sirtuinas/genética , Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa/genética , Melaninas/metabolismo , Melaninas/biosíntesisRESUMEN
Bassia scoparia, an annual potherb belonging to the family Amaranthaceae, has been widely used in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine for over 2000 years. Herein, we presented its complete chloroplast. The chloroplast genome sequence was 151,278 bp in length with a 36.6% content of GC. The genome showed the typical quadripartite structure, comprising a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions (24,353 bp) separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region (84,067 bp) and a small single-copy (SSC) region (18,505 bp). This chloroplast genome harbored 133 predicted genes, including 88 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that B. scoparia was closely related to B. littorea. This newly sequenced chloroplast genome not only enhances our understanding of the genome of Bassia but also provides valuable insights for the evolutionary study of the family Amaranthaceae.
RESUMEN
Calystegia hederacea Wall. in Roxb. 1824 is a perennial herbaceous vine in the family Convolvulaceae and has several biological effects. Herein, we reported the first complete chloroplast genome of C. hederacea. The chloroplast genome sequence was 152,057 bp in length, comparing a large single-copy (LSC) region of 87,891 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 19,866 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions of 22,150 bp. This sequenced chloroplast genome contained 126 predicted genes, including 81 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes, and the total GC content of the chloroplast genome was 37.79%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that C. hederacea was closely related to C. soldanella. The chloroplast genome presented in this study will enrich the genome information of the genus Calystegia and provide deeper insights into the evolution study of the family Convolvulaceae.
RESUMEN
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is extremely harmful to both humans and animals. Mitophagy is a selective process of self-elimination and has an important role in controlling mitochondrial quality. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation on AFB1-induced mitophagy in HepG2 cells to provide a new perspective from which to design novel therapeutic strategies to treat AFB1 poisoning. ROS release was induced in HepG2 cells with AFB1 (10 µmol/L). Cell autophagy activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, Parkin translocation and both the transcription and expression of mitophagy-related proteins were measured when N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) partially decreased the ROS level, while the knockdown of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) resulted in a large accumulation of ROS. The results reveal that NAC pretreatment ameliorated the decline in both the MMP and the ATP levels while also activating phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5)-PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin, while the Nrf2 knockdown group exhibited the opposite trend. These results suggest that AFB1-induced mitophagy in HepG2 cells depends on ROS, and proper ROS activates mitophagy to play a protective role.
Asunto(s)
Adenosina Trifosfato , Aflatoxina B1 , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial , Mitofagia , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2 , Proteínas Quinasas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligasas , Humanos , Mitofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Células Hep G2 , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligasas/metabolismo , Ubiquitina-Proteína Ligasas/genética , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Quinasas/metabolismo , Aflatoxina B1/toxicidad , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/metabolismo , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/genética , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Fosfoproteínas Fosfatasas/metabolismo , Fosfoproteínas Fosfatasas/genética , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Acetilcisteína/farmacología , Proteínas Mitocondriales/metabolismo , Proteínas Mitocondriales/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The cellular and molecular dynamics of human prepuce are crucial for understanding its biological and physiological functions, as well as the prevention of related genital diseases. However, the cellular compositions and heterogeneity of human prepuce at single-cell resolution are still largely unknown. Here we systematically dissected the prepuce of children and adults based on the single-cell RNA-seq data of 90,770 qualified cells. RESULTS: We identified 15 prepuce cell subtypes, including fibroblast, smooth muscle cells, T/natural killer cells, macrophages, vascular endothelial cells, and dendritic cells. The proportions of these cell types varied among different individuals as well as between children and adults. Moreover, we detected cell-type-specific gene regulatory networks (GRNs), which could contribute to the unique functions of related cell types. The GRNs were also highly dynamic between the prepuce cells of children and adults. Our cell-cell communication network analysis among different cell types revealed a set of child-specific (e.g., CD96, EPO, IFN-1, and WNT signaling pathways) and adult-specific (e.g., BMP10, NEGR, ncWNT, and NPR1 signaling pathways) signaling pathways. The variations of GRNs and cellular communications could be closely associated with prepuce development in children and prepuce maintenance in adults. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, we systematically analyzed the cellular variations and molecular changes of the human prepuce at single-cell resolution. Our results gained insights into the heterogeneity of prepuce cells and shed light on the underlying molecular mechanisms of prepuce development and maintenance.
Asunto(s)
Células Endoteliales , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Adulto , Humanos , Comunicación Celular/genética , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Análisis de la Célula Individual , Proteínas Morfogenéticas ÓseasRESUMEN
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infects more than 90% of the population worldwide and has a high incidence of postherpetic neuralgia in elderly patients, seriously affecting their quality of life. Combined with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system, we develop a quantum dot nanobeads (QDNBs) labeled lateral flow assay for VZV detection. Our assay allows the identification of more than 5 copies of VZV genomic DNA in each reaction. The entire process, from sample preparation to obtaining the results, takes less than an hour. In 86 clinical vesicles samples, the test shows 100% concordance with quantitative real-time PCR for VZV detection. Notably, when vesicles are present in specific areas, such as the genitals, our method outperforms clinical diagnosis. Compared to traditional detection methods, only a minute amount of blister fluid is required for accurate detection. Therefore, we anticipate that our method could be translated to clinical applications for specific and rapid VZV detection. KEY POINTS: ⢠CRISPR/Cas12a and quantum dot nanobead-based lateral flow assay achieved 5 copies per reaction for VZV detection ⢠Specific identification of VZV in atypical skin lesions ⢠Results read by the naked eye within one hour.
Asunto(s)
Puntos Cuánticos , Enfermedades de la Piel , Humanos , Anciano , Herpesvirus Humano 3/genética , Calidad de Vida , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa/métodosRESUMEN
Huocao(a traditional Chinese herbal medicine) moxibustion is a characteristic technology in Yi medicine suitable for cold-dampness diseases. Huocao, as the moxibustion material, is confusedly used in clinical practice and little is known about its quality control. In this study, UPLC method was used to establish the chemical fingerprint of non-volatile components in Huocao, and the contents of eight phenolic acids such as chlorogenic acid were determined. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to obtain the indicator components of Huocao for quality evaluation, and thus a comprehensive evaluation system for the quality of Huocao was built. The UPLC fingerprints of 49 batches of Huocao were established, and there were 20 common peaks, of which eight phenolic acids including neochlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid were identified. Except for three batches of Huocao, the similarity of the other 46 batches was higher than 0.89, suggesting that the established fingerprint method could be used for quality control of the medicinal herb. The correlation coefficient between entropy weight score of the eight phenolic acids and comprehensive fingerprint score in Huocao was 0.875(P<0.01), which indicated that the eight phenolic acids could be used as indicator components for the quality evaluation of Huocao. Furthermore, in multivariate statistical analysis on the common peaks of fingerprint and the contents of the eight phenolic acids, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C were screened to be the indicator components. The results revealed that the proposed method achieved a simple and accurate quality control of Huocao based on UPLC fingerprint and multi-component content determination, which provided useful data for establishing the quality standard of Huocao.
Asunto(s)
Ácido Clorogénico , Entropía , Hidroxibenzoatos , Control de CalidadRESUMEN
Conventional photocatalysts generate numerous active species-primarily hydroxyl radicals (â¢OH)-under solar light excitation to exert photocatalytic activity for especially antibacterial effects. However, the light dependence limits their competitiveness against other antimicrobial materials since they do not work at night. Herein, a P-g-C3N4/Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu2+,Dy3+ (P-g-C3N4/SMSO) composite day-night photocatalyst is synthesized, using a model methyl orange (MO) substrate, and the impacts of trace P doping and the SMSO composite on the activity of the photocatalyst in MO degradation is investigated; Its antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus on ceramic surfaces is further examined. The morphology, structure, and composition of the photocatalyst are characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, and UV-vis DRS. Finally, the photocatalytic mechanism is elucidated through active species capture experiments and ESR testing. P doping and the SMSO heterojunction structure reduce the width of the forbidden band of g-C3N4 and broaden its visible-light-response range. Moreover, SMSO acts as a light source to realize long-lasting photocatalytic performance of the composite, even in the dark. The photocatalytic process produces â¢O2-, 1O2, and h+ active species, with â¢O2- and 1O2 playing the dominant role-instead of â¢OH as previously thought.
Asunto(s)
Nitrilos , Fósforo , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Catálisis , Cerámica/farmacología , Escherichia coli , Nitrilos/química , Fósforo/farmacología , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de FourierRESUMEN
This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of Lactobacillus plantarum SCS2 (L. plantarum SCS2). After 1 week of acclimation, 120 male KM mice were divided into normal group (NG), model group (MG), solvent control group (KG), and different test groups (TG1, TG2, TG3) (n = 20/group) randomly. In the second week, except NG mice, other mice were given 0.2 ml 50 mg/kg (body weight) streptozocin (STZ) through intraperitoneal injection for 5 days. After successful modeling, NG and MG mice were fed normally, KG mice was given 0.5 ml 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer saline (PBS) per day, TG1, TG2, and TG3 mice were given 0.5 ml suspension, intracellular content and heat-killed intracellular content of L. plantarum SCS2 per day for 9 weeks. Body weight and blood glucose were observed and recorded during intragastric administration. Glucose tolerance levels were measured at the twelfth week, then mice were sacrificed and the serum was collected to measure insulin (INS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzymes. The results showed that the reduction of weight loss in TG1 and TG2 mice was observed, which was consistent with the blood glucose. At the same time, the INS level of TG1, TG2, and TG3 mice were increased and the HbA1c levels were decreased. Otherwise, the MDA and ROS content in the serum of TG1, TG2, and TG3 mice were decreased and the level of antioxidant enzymes was increased. Interestingly, the activity and content of antioxidant enzymes in TG2 group was the highest in the three test groups. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The results of this study showed that L. plantarum SCS2 could effectively reduce blood glucose, relieve weight loss, improve INS deficiency, and also improve oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The findings suggest that L. plantarum SCS2 could improve diabetes-related symptoms by alleviating oxidative stress. In the future, people could promote the application of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which is found in traditional foods with the ability of improving oxidative damage in food nutrition and related fields, so as to guide residents to form good dietary habits, and effectively prevent type 2 diabetes. Meanwhile, it also can enhance the edible value of traditional foods.
RESUMEN
As oxidation is inevitable during application of microwave absorbing materials (MAM) exposed to oxygen-containing atmosphere at elevated temperatures. The investigations concerning influences of oxidation on microstructure and microwave absorption (MA) properties are of great significance. Aiming to better regulating MA for Si3N4-based ceramics serviced in high temperature environment, the evolution of MA properties of SiCw/Si3N4 composites (SwSN) after oxidation at 1200 °C in ambient air for short time was studied. It was found that after oxidation for 7.5 h, both the real and imaginary permittivity of SwSN showed only slight decrease due to good oxidation protection provided by dense SiO2 layer formed on the surface. Moreover, SwSN after short-time of oxidation also showed an almost negligible decline in MA properties. SwSN which has good oxidation resistance and stable microwave attenuation abilities was subjected to oxidation at 1200 °C for short time. The results showed its favorable and potential applications in high-temperature microwave absorption fields.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the impacts of schizophrenia on different types of caregiving burden. AIM: This study aims to examine how the severity of schizophrenia, social functioning and aggressive behavior are associated with caregiving burden across different kinship types. METHOD: The analytic sample included 300 dyads of persons with schizophrenia and their family caregivers in Xinjin, Chengdu, China. The 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) was utilized to identify the patients, whose symptom severity, social functioning and aggressive behavior were measured. Caregiving burden was estimated using the Burden Scale for Family Caregivers-short (BSFC-s). RESULTS: A higher level of burden was significantly associated with female caregivers, larger family size, lower income, worse symptoms, poorer functional status and more aggressive behaviors. Parent caregivers showed greater burden if the patients had better functioning of social interest and concern or more aggression toward property. Mother caregivers showed greater burden than fathers. Spouses tended to perceive greater burden if the patients had better marital functioning, poorer occupational functioning or more aggressive behaviors toward property. Patients attacking others or a father with schizophrenia was related to a higher burden of child caregivers. A heavier burden of other relatives was correlated with patients' more verbal aggression and self-harm. CONCLUSION: This study shows the distinct impacts of disease-related factors on the caregiving burden across different kinship types. Our findings have implications for health-care professionals and practitioners in terms of developing more targeted family-based or individualized intervention to ameliorate burden according to kinship types and deal with behavioral and functional problems in schizophrenia.
Asunto(s)
Cuidadores/psicología , Costo de Enfermedad , Familia/psicología , Esquizofrenia/terapia , Adaptación Psicológica , Anciano , China , Estudios Transversales , Salud de la Familia , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Lineales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Apoyo Social , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Tremella-like V2O5 microspheres were successfully synthesized in this study through a facile hydrothermal method. The microstructures and electrochemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests. V2O5 microspheres with unique tremella-like structure exhibited good reversible capacity, with an initial discharge capacity of 147 mA·h·g-1 at 1 C rate. Moreover, the capacity retention rate was 91.36% and charge-discharge efficiency was still over 98% after 400 cycles. Such outstanding properties can be ascribed to their unique tremella-like structure.
RESUMEN
Nb2O5@carbon hollow microspheres (Nb2O5@CHMs) have been synthesized through a facile hydrothermal method. Results revealed that numerous urchin-shaped Nb2O5 nanospheres were tightly and uniformly anchored on the surface of carbon hollow microspheres. Nb2O5@CHMs with unique structure exhibited a high initial discharge capacity of 420.32 mA h·g-1 and an impressive reversible capacity of 350.15 mA h·g-1 after 100 cycles at the current density of 40 mA·g-1. The Nb2O5@CHMs is a potential high-performance anode material for lithium ion batteries.
RESUMEN
The perennial selenium (Se) hyperaccumulator Cardamine hupingshanensis (Brassicaceae) thrives in aquatic and subaquatic Se-rich environments along the Wuling Mountains, China. Using bright-field and epifluorescence microscopy, the present study determined the anatomical structures and histochemical features that allow this species to survive in Se-rich aquatic environments. The roots of C. hupingshanensis have an endodermis with Casparian walls, suberin lamellae, and lignified secondary cell walls; the cortex and hypodermal walls have phi (Φ) thickenings; and the mature taproots have a secondary structure with a periderm. The stems possess a lignified sclerenchymal ring and an endodermis, and the pith and cortex walls have polysaccharide-rich collenchyma. Air spaces are present in the intercellular spaces and aerenchyma in the cortex and pith of the roots and shoots. The dense fine roots with lignified Φ thickenings and polysaccharide-rich collenchyma in the shoots may allow C. hupingshanensis to hyperaccumulate Se. Overall, our study elucidated the anatomical features that permit C. hupingshanensis to thrive in Se-rich aquatic environments.
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Cryptococcosis is a devastating opportunistic disease commonly encountered in organ transplant recipients and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Few studies have profiled the disease in immunocompetent patients. We sought to characterize the neuroimaging findings of cryptococcal meningitis among immunocompetent patients in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis at our institute, on the basis of CSF culture or India Ink test, between November 2011 and February 2016, was performed. Only apparently immunocompetent patients, for whom at least one brain MRI examination was performed, were included in the analysis. The MRI results were available for all these patients before CSF diagnosis. Data related to variables such as patient demographics, clinical features, neuroimaging characteristics and CSF findings were analyzed. RESULTS: Eighteen apparently immunocompetent patients, for whom brain MRI radiographs were available, were included in the analysis. Abnormal MRI findings were observed in 16 patients. These included multiple intraparenchymal lesions with or without enhancement, prominent basal ganglia involvement, miliary distribution of parenchymal nodules, multiple dilated Virchow-Robin spaces and leptomeningeal enhancement. Six patients had ventriculomegaly. CONCLUSION: In our study, intraparenchymal findings were more common than leptomeningeal enhancement and perivascular lesions. Cryptococcal meningitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of immunocompetent patients with brain MRI findings of prominent parenchymal involvement such as bilateral patchy lesions in basal ganglia or miliary distribution of parenchymal nodules.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Meningitis Criptocócica/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Anciano , China , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunocompetencia , Masculino , Meningitis Criptocócica/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Dan-gua Fang on adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) activated protein kinase (AMPK) α expression in liver and subsequent improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty 13-week-old diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were randomly divided into model, Dan-gua Fang, metformin and simvastatin groups (n=10 for each), and fed high-fat diet ad libitum. Ten Wistar rats were used as normal group and fed normal diet. After 24 weeks, liver expression of AMPKα mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR. AMPKα and phospho-AMPKα protein expression in liver was evaluated by Western blot. Liver histomorphology was carried out after hematoxylin-eosin staining, and blood glucose (BG), glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), food intake and body weight recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Similar AMPKα mRNA levels were found in the Dan-gua Fang group and normal group, slightly higher than the values obtained for the remaining groups (P<0.05). AMPKα protein expression in the Dan-gua Fang group animals was similar to other diabetic rats, whereas phospho-AMPKα (Thr-172) protein levels were markedly higher than in the metformin group and simvastatin group (P<0.05), respectively. However, phosphor-AMPKα/AMPKα ratios were similar in all groups. Dan-gua Fang reduced fasting blood glucose with similar strength to metformin, and was superior in reducing cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as improving low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in comparison with simvastatin and metformin. Dan-gua Fang decreases plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Dan-gua Fang, while treating phlegm-stasis, could decrease BG and lipid in type 2 diabetic GK rats fed with high-fat diet, and effectively protect liver histomorphology and function. This may be partly explained by increased AMPK expression in liver. Therefore, Dan-gua Fang might be an ideal drug for comprehensive intervention for glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por AMP , Genética , Metabolismo , Glucemia , Metabolismo , Peso Corporal , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Sangre , Quimioterapia , Metabolismo , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Usos Terapéuticos , Conducta Alimentaria , Glucolípidos , Metabolismo , Hígado , Patología , Fosforilación , ARN Mensajero , Genética , Metabolismo , Ratas Wistar , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Dangua Recipe (DGR) on glycolipid metabolism, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and its mRNA expression level of transgenic Apo E(-/-) mouse with spontaneous atherosclerosis, thus revealing its partial mechanism for curing diabetes mellitus (DM) with angiopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Diabetic model was prepared by peritoneally injecting streptozotocin (STZ) to Apo E(-/-) mouse. Totally 32 modeled mice were stratified by body weight, and then divided into 4 groups referring to blood glucose levels from low to high by random digit table, i.e., the model group (MOD, fed with sterile water, at the daily dose of 15 mL/kg), the DGR group (fed with DGR at the daily dose of 15 mL/kg), the combination group (COM, fed with DGR at the daily dose of 15 mL/kg and pioglitazone at the daily dose of 4.3 mg/kg), and the pioglitazone group (PIO, at the daily dose of 4.3 mg/kg), 8 in each group. Another 8 normal glucose C57 mouse of the same age and strain were recruited as the control group. All interventions lasted for 12 weeks by gastrogavage. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight, food intake, water intake, skin temperature, the length of tail, and the degree of fatty liver were monitored. The hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), and LDL-C were determined. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) was determined by radioimmunoassay. Nitrogen monoxidum (NO) was determined by nitrate reductase. The kidney tissue VCAM-1 level was analyzed with ELISA. The expression of VCAM-1 mRNA in the kidney tissue was detected with real time quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, the body weight and food intake decreased, water intake increased in all the other model groups (P < 0.05). Besides, the curve of blood glucose was higher in all the other model groups than in the control group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the body weight increased; levels of HbAlc, TC, LDL-C, ET-1, and VCAM-1 were significantly lower; and skin temperature was higher in the DGR group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the PIO group, body weight, the increment of body weight, FBG, TC, and LDL-C were lower (P < 0.05, P < 0.01); food intake and water intake increased more and the tail length was longer in the DRG group (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the level of NO among groups. The degree of fatty liver in the model group was significantly severer than that in the control group (P < 0.05). It was obviously alleviated in the DGR group (P < 0.05) when compared with the model group and the PIO group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). But it was severer in the PIO group than in the model group (P < 0.01). The degree of fatty liver in the combination group ranged between that of the DGR group and the PIO group (P < 0.05). The level of VCAM-1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in the DGR group than in the model group, the PIO group, and the combination group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>DGR had effect in lowering blood glucose and blood lipids, and fighting against fatty liver of transgenic Apo E(-/-) mouse with spontaneous atherosclerosis. DGR played an effective role in preventing and treating DM with angiopathy by comprehensively regulating glycolipid metabolism and promoting the vascular function.</p>
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratones , Apolipoproteínas E , Genética , Glucemia , Metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Sangre , Quimioterapia , Angiopatías Diabéticas , Quimioterapia , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Farmacología , Lípidos , Sangre , Ratones Noqueados , ARN Mensajero , Genética , Distribución Aleatoria , Tiazolidinedionas , Farmacología , Molécula 1 de Adhesión Celular Vascular , Genética , MetabolismoRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the toxicity features of high glucose on the endothelial cell cycle and the influence of Dan Gua-Fang, a Chinese herbal compound prescription, on the reproductive cycle of vascular endothelial cells cultivated under a high glucose condition; to reveal the partial mechanisms of Dan Gua-Fang in the prevention and treatment of endothelial injury caused by hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus (DM); and offer a reference for dealing with the vascular complications of DM patients with long-term high blood glucose.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on the previous 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (z-y1)-3-5-diphenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) experiment, under different medium concentrations of glucose and Dangua liquor, the endothelial cells of vein-304 (ECV-304) were divided into 6 groups as follows: standard culture group (Group A, 5.56 mmol/L glucose); 1/300 herb-standard group (Group B); high glucose culture group (Group C, 16.67 mmol/L glucose); 1/150 herb-high glucose group (Group D); 1/300 herb-high glucose group (Group E); and 1/600 herb-high glucose group (Group F). The cell cycle was assayed using flow cytometry after cells were cultivated for 36, 72 and 108 h, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase was significantly increased in Group C compared with that in Group A (P<0.05), while the percentage of S-phase (S%) cells in Group C was significantly reduced compared with Group A (P<0.05); the latter difference was dynamically related to the length of growing time of the endothelial cells in a high glucose environment. (2) The S% cells in Group A was decreased by 30.25% (from 40.23% to 28.06%) from 36 h to 72 h, and 12.33% (from 28.06% to 24.60%) from 72 h to 108 h; while in Group C, the corresponding decreases were 23.05% and 21.87%, respectively. The difference of S% cells between the two groups reached statistical significance at 108 h (P<0.05). (3) The percentage difference of cells in the G2/M phase between Group C and Group A was statistically significant at 72 h (P<0.01). (4) 1/300 Dan Gua-Fang completely reversed the harmful effect caused by 16.67 mmol/L high glucose on the cell cycle; moreover it did not disturb the cell cycle when the cell was cultivated in a glucose concentration of 5.56 mmol/L.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High glucose produces an independent impact on the cell cycle. Persistent blocking of the cell cycle and its arrest at the G0/G1 phase are toxic effects of high glucose on the endothelial cell cycle. The corresponding variation of the arrest appears in the S phase. 1/300 Dan Gua-Fang completely eliminates the blockage of high glucose on the endothelial cell cycle.</p>
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Ciclo Celular , Fisiología , Células Cultivadas , Medios de Cultivo , Farmacología , Citoprotección , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Farmacología , Células Endoteliales , Fisiología , Citometría de Flujo , GlucosaRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of Dangua Recipe (DGR) on glycolipid metabolism, serum reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) positive expression and its mRNA expression level in the thoracic aorta of diabetic rats with atherosclerosis, thus revealing its partial mechanisms for intervening chronic diabetic complications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recruited 40 Goto-Kakisaki (GK) Wistar rats were fed with high fat forage containing metabolic inhibition Propylthiouracil, and peritoneally injected with endothelial NOS inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester to establish a high fat diabetes model with atherosclerosis. The modeled GK rats were stratified by body weight, and then, by blood glucose level from high to low, randomly divided into the DGR group (at the daily dose of 8 mL/kg), the metformin group (MET, at the daily dose of 150 mg/kg), the simvastatin group (SIM, at the daily dose of 2 mg/kg), and the model group (MOD, fed with pure water, at the daily dose of 8 mL/kg) according to the random number table, 10 in each group. Another 10 Wistar rats of the same ages and comparable body weight level were recruited as the normal control group. All the interventions lasted for 24 weeks by gastrogavage. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight were monitored. The HbA1c, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, serum ROS were determined. The aortic NF-kappaB level was analyzed with immunohistochemical assay. The expression of NF-kappaB (P65) mRNA in the aorta was detected with Real-time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The body weight in the normal control group was eventually heavier than others (P < 0.01). There was no difference among the four groups of GK modeled rats (P > 0.05). The FBG in the four GK modeled groups were higher than that in the normal control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the blood glucose level at the first visit and at the baseline among the GK modeled groups (P > 0.05). The last FBG level was obviously lower in the MET and DGR groups than in the MOD group (P < 0.01) and the SIM group (P < 0.05). Twenty-four weeks after intervention, the level of FBG, HbA1c, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and NF-kappaB positive expression rate of the thoracic aorta of the four groups of GK modeled rats, and NF-kappaB mRNA expression in the thoracic aorta in the MOD group, the MET group, and the DGR group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The TG level, serum ROS in the MET, DGR, and SIM groups, and the NF-kappaB mRNA expression level in the thoracic aorta in the SIM group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The levels of FBG, TC, LDL-C, serum ROS, NF-kappaB mRNA expression level in the thoracic aorta in three drug intervention groups, and NF-kappaB positive expression rate in the DGR and MET groups, and the levels of HbA1c, TG in the DGR group were significantly lower than those in the MOD group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The level of FBG in the MET and DGR groups were lower than that in the SIM group (P < 0.05). The level of NF-kappaB mRNA expression in the thoracic aorta of the SIM and DGR groups, and the levels of TC and LDL-C in the DGR group were significantly lower than those in the MET group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DGR played a role in preventing and treating chronic diabetic complications by comprehensively regulating blood glucose and serum lipids, as well as down-regulating oxidative stress.</p>
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Aorta Torácica , Metabolismo , Aterosclerosis , Quimioterapia , Metabolismo , Glucemia , Angiopatías Diabéticas , Quimioterapia , Metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Usos Terapéuticos , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , FN-kappa B , Metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo , Fitoterapia , Ratas Wistar , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , SangreRESUMEN
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of lipo-sodium morrhuate on ECV-304 cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The effect lipo-sodium morrhuate was evaluated by toxicology trial (MTT), electron microscope, DNA electrophoresis and flow cytometer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The toxicology results showed, that the number of vital cells in lipo-sodium morrhuate group decreased slowly. The electron microscope exhibited apoptosis in the lipo-sodium morrhuate group. And there were typical DNA ladder in DNA electrophoresis and typical apoptosis peak in flow cytometer. The apoptosis rate was 22.23%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Unlike the normal preparation of sodium morrhuate, lipo-sodium morrhuate could induce apoptosis of ECV-304 cell line.</p>