Does electrophysical agents work for cellulite treatment? a systematic review of clinical trials.

Cellulite, a perceived alteration in skin topography, is predominantly found in adipose tissue-rich body regions such as the hips, buttocks, thighs, and abdomen. Contrary to common belief, the etiology and pathophysiology of cellulite are not well-established or universally agreed upon. This lack of understanding about the actual etiology of cellulite directly influences the selection of suitable treatments that can address both the aesthetic and inflammatory aspects of the condition. Various treatment methods, including electrophysical agents like electric currents, radiofrequency, ultrasound, and photobiomodulation, have been tested. However, the questionable methodological quality of many studies complicates the determination of effective treatments for cellulite. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of clinical studies that utilized electrophysical agents in cellulite treatment. METHODS: We employed the PICO (population, intervention, control, and outcome) process to develop our search strategy and establish inclusion/exclusion criteria. We searched five databases: Medline, Central, Scopus, Lilacs, and PEDro, for studies conducted between 2001 and July 2021 that involved cellulite treatment with electrophysical agents. To ensure systematicity and guide study selection, we adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: Our initial search yielded 556 articles: 379 from Medline, 159 from Central, and 18 from Lilacs. After applying our inclusion criteria, only 32 studies remained. Of these, only two (6.2%) were evaluated as having strong and good methodology via the QualSyst tool. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that the quality of evidence from clinical studies on the use of electrophysical agents for cellulite treatment remains subpar. Further studies with robust experimental designs and more precise assessment techniques are necessary. While our study does not refute the effectiveness of the techniques used for cellulite treatment, it underscores the need for additional well-designed trials.

Effects of photobiomodulation on pain, lactate and muscle performance (ROM, torque, and EMG parameters) of paretic upper limb in patients with post-stroke spastic hemiparesis-a randomized controlled clinical trial.

The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the paretic upper limb in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiparesis and to understand the potential of PBM as a long-term non-invasive therapy for reducing the side effects caused by spasticity in the hemiparetic upper limb after a stroke. This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial constituted of 27 participants, being Control group (CG = 12 healthy individuals) and PBM group (PBMG = 15 post-stroke individuals). In the CG, the baseline blood lactate (BL) was evaluated, followed by the evaluation of the IC torque of the biceps and triceps muscles, with the isokinetic dynamometer associated with surface electromyography (EMG) and, subsequently, a new measurement of BL. The PBMG received 10 sessions of treatment with PBM (780 nm, Power: 100 mV, Power Density: 3.18 W/cm2, Energy: 4 J, Fluency: 127.4 J/cm2, Time: 40 s per point and 1.280 s total, Spot: 0.0314 cm2, 32 Points: 16 points (brachial biceps) and 16 points (brachial triceps) applied with contact at 90°, Total Energy: 64 J), which in the pre-treatment evaluation measured BL, the visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain; torque and EMG of the same muscles in the IC, subsequently, a new measurement of VAS and BL, and measurement of range of motion (ROM) during the reaching movement. At the conclusion of the ten sessions, all participants underwent a reassessment, wherein all tests originally administered during the initial evaluation were repeated. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. For related data, the paired t-test was used for normal distributions and the Wilcoxon test for non-normal data. For unrelated data, the t test was used for normal distributions and the Mann-Whitney test for non-normal data. Muscle torque was higher for the CG, with a significant difference (CGxPBMG = p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the EMG values of the CG in relation to the Pre-PBM phase and with the Post-PBM phase of the PBMG (p > 0.05). On the other hand, there was a 38% reduction in pain reported by hemiparetic patients (p = 0.0127) and a decrease in BL in the PBMG. Post-PBM ROM increased by 46.1% in the elbow extension of the paretic limb. In conclusion, Photobiomodulation (PBM) demonstrated significant improvements in muscle performance, reducing fatigue and pain levels, and enhancing range of motion in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiparesis. These findings support the potential integration of PBM into rehabilitation protocols, but further research and clinical trials are needed to validate and expand upon these promising outcomes.

The effects of different doses of oral creatine supplementation on tibial muscle resistence and fatigue in wistar rats / Efeito de diferentes doses de suplementação de creatina na resistência muscular e fadiga em ratos wistar

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of different doses of oral creatine supplementation on tibial muscle resistance and fatigue in Wistar rats. The treatment protocols included swimming exercises, supplementation alone (different doses), and supplementation (different doses) + swimming exercises. Analysis of the effect of creatine supplementation on skeletal muscle fatigue was performed using the intensity of muscle contraction to electrical stimulation to evaluate the intensity of muscle contraction, decay time of muscle tetanic contraction to 50% of maximum tension (fatigue), and the area under the curve for the intensity x time ratio, besides AST, LDH, and urea plasmatic analysis. Our results suggest that creatine supplementation seems to be able to produce ergogenic effects on contractile metabolism in the group treated with the dose of 280 mg/kg + swim exercise. This creatine dose presented a statistically significant increase in decay time of muscle tetanic contraction (C280+swim (119±13.1), C500+swim (110±23.6) and C1000+swim (87±15.1)), area under the curve between tetanic contractions, and plasma LDH decrease, when compared to the other doses. These data clearly demonstrate that high doses do not lead to any additional ergogenic effects. We conclude that the dose of 280 mg/kg+swim exercise obtained the best ergogenic effects on tibial muscle resistance and fatigue in Wistar rats.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os efeitos de diferentes doses de suplementação oral de creatina sobre a resistência e fadiga do músculo tibial em ratos wistar. Os protocolos de tratamento incluíram exercícios de natação, suplementação isolada (doses diferentes) e suplementação (doses diferentes) + exercícios de natação. A análise do efeito da suplementação de creatina na fadiga do músculo esquelético foi realizada utilizando-se a intensidade da contração muscular à uma estimulação elétrica, aferindo a intensidade da contração muscular, tempo de decaimento da contração tetânica do músculo a 50% da tensão máxima (fadiga) e a área sob a curva para a razão de intensidade x tempo, além de análises plasmática de AST, LDH e ureia. Nossos resultados sugerem que a suplementação de creatina parece ser capaz de produzir efeitos ergogênicos no metabolismo contrátil no grupo tratado, com a dose de 280 mg/kg+natação. Esta dose de creatina teve um aumento estatisticamente significativo no tempo de decaimento da contracção tetânica muscular (C280+natação (119±13.1), C500+natação (110±23.6) e C1000+natação (87±15.1)), área sob a curva entre as contrações tetânicas e também diminuição da LDH plasmática quando comparada com as outras doses. Estes dados demonstraram claramente que doses elevadas não conduzem a qualquer aumento adicional de efeitos ergogênicos. Concluimos que a dose de 280 mg / kg + exercício de natação obteve os melhores efeitos ergogênicos sobre a resistência e fadiga do músculo tibial em ratos wistar.

Laser photobiomodulation of pro-inflammatory mediators on walker tumor 256 induced rats

Laser photobiomodulation or low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is recognized worldwide for its expansive use in medicine. LLLT has been reported to increase enzymatic activity, increasing the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, leading to an increased energy availability and signal transduction. Nevertheless, an inhibitory effect is also observed by the production of excessive ROS which can result the shutdown of mitochondrial energy production, and finally to apoptosis. However, the mechanism of apoptosis induced by LLLT is still not well understood. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that LLLT induces oxidative stress and stimulates the generation of pro-inflammatory markers interfering in tumor progression. Methods Seventy-two female Walker Tumor induced Wistar rats (eight weeks of age, 200 g body weight) were used for this study. TW-256 cells were suspended in phosphate buffered saline and then subcutaneously inoculated at 1 × 107 viable tumor cells/ml per rat into the right flank (tumor-bearing rats). After a period of 14 days in order to assess the development of the solid tumor mass, the animals were randomized and distributed in four groups (n = 8 animals/group): (1) Control or irradiated by LLLT (2) Laser 1J – 35,7 J/cm2, (3) Laser 3 J – 107,14 J/cm2 and (4) Laser 6 J – 214,28 J/cm2; (Thera Laser - 660 nm, 100 mW DMC®, São Carlos, Brazil) at four equidistant points according to their respective treatment groups, conducted three times on alternate days. The regulation and expression of inflammatory mediators IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a was assessed by ELISA and gene expression of COX-1, COX-2, iNOS, eNOS was analyzed by RT-PCR. Results We found that the 1 Joule (J) treated group promoted a significant increase in the levels of different inflammatory markers IL-1ß, the gene expression of COX-2, iNOS, which was statistically different (p < 0.05) when compared among different treatment and control groups. With Respect IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a levels statistically significant reduce was observed in 1 Joule treated group when comparing to different energies groups and control group. Conclusion Our results suggest the evidence 1 J–35,7 J/cm2 treatment was able to produce cytotoxic effects by generation of ROS causing acute inflammation and thus may be employed as the best energy dose associated with Photodynamic Therapy.

O efeito da laserterapia de baixa potência em aspectos histológicos em um modelo experimental de lesão muscular por estiramento controlado em ratos / The effect of low-level laser therapy in histological aspects in a model of experimental muscle injury in rat controlled muscle strain

Estiramento muscular e outras desordens musculoesqueléticas são as principais causas que desabilitam atletas e praticantes de atividades físicas. Seu tratamento inclui AINES que desencadeiam vários efeitos adversos. Objetivo: o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito dos tratamentos com Laserterapia de Baixa Potência e do anti-inflamatório diclofenaco, tanto individualmente quanto combinados (laser + aplicação por vias tópica ou intramuscular de diclofenaco) em aspectos histológicos no modelo experimental de lesão muscular por estiramento controlado em ratos. Materiais e Métodos: a lesão por estiramento foi induzida, por sobre carga, no músculo tibial anterior de ratos (n=6). O grupo controle não recebeu tratamento, grupos lesados receberam um único tratamento com diclofenaco através das vias tópica ou intramuscular, irradiação com laser (3 J, 830 nm, 100 mW) ou os dois tratamentos conjuntamente, laser e diclofenaco, totalizando seis grupos experimentais. Os tratamentos foram realizados 1 hora após a lesão. O músculo tibial foi removido para análise histológica, três horas após a indução da lesão e também seis horas após indução. Resultados e discussão: a avaliação histológica demonstrou uma melhor organização estrutural do tecido muscular, células bem delineadas e menor quantidade de fibras fragmentadas e menor descontinuidade de acidofilia nos grupos tratados com laser e diclofenaco, nas duas vias de aplicação, tanto no período de 3 horas quanto no de 6 horas após a lesão. Conclusão: a irradiação do laser de baixa potência conjuntamente ao diclofenaco tópico e intramuscular melhorou aspectos histológicos do tecido muscular, após lesão por estiramento, na fase aguda quando comparado com os demais tratamentos...

Muscle stretch and other musculoskeletal disorders are the main causes that disable athletes and fitness enthusiasts. His treatment includes NAIDs that trigger various adverse effects. Objective: the objective of the study the effect of treatments with Low Power Laser (LPL) Therapy and the anti-inflammatory diclofenac, both individually and combined (LPL + intramuscular or topical application of diclofenac pathways) in histological aspects in an experimental model was to evaluate muscle injury in rats controlled stretch. Materials and Methods: the injury was induced by muscle stretch, overload, the tibialis anterior muscle of rats (n = 6). The control group received no treatment, injured groups received a single treatment with diclofenac through the anti-inflammatory topical or intramuscular (AT and AIM), irradiation with LPL (3 J 830 nm, 100 mW), or the two treatments together, LPL and diclofenac (LPL/LPL or AT/AIM), totaling six experimental groups. All treatments were performed 1 hour after the injury. The right anterior tibial muscle was removed for histological analysis, within 3 hours after induction of the lesion and also 12 hours after induction. Results and discussion: histological evaluation in this study showed a better estructural organization of muscle tissue, cells and less well defined amount of fragmented fibers in the group treated with LPL and LPL AT + 3J 3J + AIM in both the 3-hour period and in 6 hours following injury. Conclusion: treatment with LPL jointly to the topic and intramuscular diclofenac improved the histological aspects of muscle tissue after stretch injury in the acute phase compared with the other treatments...

A laserterapia de baixa potência melhora o desempenho muscular mensurado por dinamometria isocinética em humanos / Low-level laser therapy enhances muscular performance as measured by isokinetic dynamometry in humans

A fadiga muscular é uma nova área de pesquisa em laserterapia, com poucos estudos conduzidos. Embora a laserterapia de baixa potência (LBP) previamente ao exercício tenha apresentado resultados positivos no retardo da fadiga musculoesquelética, ainda não foi estudada utilizando-se a dinamometria isocinética para mensurar desempenho e fadiga muscular. Este estudo tem o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da LBP (655 nm, 50 mW, 2,4 J por ponto e 12 J de energia total) sobre o desempenho e fadiga muscular do músculo tibial anterior, utilizando dinamometria isocinética (30 repetições de contração concêntrica) em 14 indivíduos saudáveis sedentários do sexo masculino. Os voluntários foram avaliados ao efetuar 30 repetições isocinéticas de dorsiflexão de tornozelo à velocidade angular de 240°.seg-1. Os resultados mostram que, quando os voluntários foram tratados com LBP antes do exercício, os valores do pico de torque (30,91±5,86 N.m) foram significativamente superiores, comparados a três medições anteriores sem a aplicação de LBP (24,92±7,45 N.m, p<0,001; 26,83±7,74 N.m, p<0,01; e 26,00±7,88 N.m, p<0,001, respectivamente). Não foi observada redução no índice de fadiga. Conclui-se que a LBP aumenta o torque gerado pelos músculos irradiados, melhorando assim o desempenho musculoesquelético, porém sem interferir no índice de fadiga.

Skeletal muscle fatigue is a novel research area in laser therapy, there being few studies carried out. Though low-level laser therapy (LLLT) applied prior to exercise has showed positive results in delaying skeletal muscle fatigue, no studies could be found that measured muscle performance and fatigue by means of isokinetic dynamometry. This clinical trial aims at assessing the effects of LLLT (655 nm, 50 mW and 12 J total energy delivered) on anterior tibialis muscle performance and fatigue by means of isokinetic dynamometry (30 concentric-mode repetitions at 240º.sec-1 angular speed) in 14 healthy male subjects. Results show that, when volunteers had been treated with LLLT prior to exercise, torque peak values (30.91±5.86 N.m) were significantly higher than those of three previous measurements with no LLLT (24.92±7.45 N.m, p<0.001; 26.83±7.74 N.m, p<0.01; and 26.00±7.88 N.m, p<0.001). However, no decrease in fatigue indexes could be found. It may thus be said that LLLT increased skeletal muscle torque in irradiated muscles, but had no effect on muscle fatigue.

Low-Level Laser Irradiation (InGaAlP-660 nm) Increases Fibroblast Cell Proliferation and Reduces Cell Death in a Dose-Dependent Manner

Background and Objective: Impaired cell metabolism and increased cell death in fibroblast cells are physiologicalfeatures of chronic tendinopathy. Although several studies have shown that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) atcertain parameters has a biostimulatory effect on fibroblast cells, it remains uncertain if LLLT effects depend on thephysiological state. Study Design/Material and Methods: High-metabolic immortal cell culture and primaryhuman keloid fibroblast cell culture were used in this study. Trypan blue exclusion and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test were used to determine cell viability and proliferation. Propidiumiodide stain was used for cell-cycle analysis by flow cytometry. Laser irradiation was performed daily onthree consecutive days with a GaAlAs 660-nm laser (mean output: 50mW, spot size 2mm2, power density»2.5W=cm2) and a typical LLLT dose and a high LLLT dose (irradiation times: 60 or 420 s; fluences:150 or1050 J=cm2; energy delivered: 3 or 21 J). Results: Primary fibroblast cell culture from human keloids irradiated with3 J showed significant proliferation by the trypan blue exclusion test ( p<0.05), whereas the 3T3 cell cultureshowed no difference using this method. Propidium iodide staining flow cytometry data showed a significantdecrease in the percentage of cells being in proliferative phases of the cell cycle (S=g2=M) when irradiated with 21 Jin both cell types (hypodiploid cells increased). Conclusions: Our data support the hypothesis that the physiologicalstate of the cells affects the LLLT results, and that high-metabolic rate and short- cell-cycle 3T3 cells are notresponsive to LLLT. In conclusion, LLLT with a dose of 3 J reduced cell death significantly, but did not stimulatecell cycle. A LLLT dose of 21 J had negative effects on the cells, as it increased cell death and inhibited cellproliferation.

Caracterização da variabilidade de freqüência cardíaca e sensibilidade do barorreflexo em indivíduos sedentários e atletas do sexo masculino / Characterization of heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in sedentary individuals and male athletes

INTRODUÇÃO: A capacidade de variar a freqüência cardíaca representa importante papel fisiológico na vida diária. As variações dos intervalos RR estão na dependência de moduladores biológicos, como o sistema nervoso autônomo. Essas variações constituem a variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca (VFC). MÉTODOS: 10 indivíduos atletas (Atl) e 10 sedentários (Sed) (20-35 anos) foram submetidos a eletrocardiografia digital, em repouso, antes, durante e após a manobra. Os valores de RR foram tratados (software Matlab 6.1), no domínio do tempo. RESULTADOS: Os grupos Sed e Atl apresentaram freqüência cardíaca média igual a 73,59bpm ± 2,5 e 51,01bpm ± 2,4, respectivamente. Quanto aos intervalos RR, o grupo de Sed apresentou média de 826,58ms ± 5,3 e o grupo Atl, 1.189,18 ± 6,9. O tempo de retorno simpático após a manobra 72 ± 12s (Sed) 37 ± 6s (Atl). O tempo de retorno parassimpático foi de 80 ± 11s (Sed) 40 ± 8s (Atl). O pNN50 foi de 10 ± 3,3 (Sed) e 42,10 ± 6,9 (Atl). O valor da variação dos RR acima da média de todo o sinal foi de 343 ± 40ms (Sed) e 175 ± 39ms (Atl). A variação abaixo da média de todo o sinal foi de 281 ± 27ms (Sed) e 425 ± 26ms (Atl). CONCLUSÕES: A análise da VFC associada à manobra de Valsalva pode representar uma ferramenta simples, mas importante, para possíveis inferências sobre aptidão física.

INTRODUCTION: The capacity to vary the heart rate represents important physiologic role in the daily life. The variations of the RR intervals is dependent of biological modulators as the autonomic nervous system. Those variations constitute the heart rate variability (HRV). METHODS: 10 athletes (Atl) and 10 sedentary (Sed) male individuals (20-35 age) were submitted to digital electrocardiography, in rest, before, during and after the maneuver. The values of RR were analyzed (software Matlab 6.1), in the time domain. RESULTS: Both Sed and Atl presented mean heart rate of 73.5 bpm ± 2,5 and 51 bpm ± 2,4, respectively. Related to the RR intervals, the group of Sed presented average of 826.58 bad ± 5.3 and the group Atl, 1189.18 ± 6.9. The return time of sympathetic system after the maneuver was 72 ± 12 s (Sed) 37 ± 6 s (Atl). The return time of parasympathetic system was 80 ± 11 s (Sed) and 40 ± 8 s (Atl). The pNN50 was of 10 ± 3,3 (Sed) and 42,10 ± 6,9 (Atl). The value of RR variation above the average of the whole sign was 343 ± 40 (Sed) and 175 ± 39 (Atl). The RR variation below the average of the whole sign was 281 ± 27 (Sed) and 425 ± 26 (Atl). CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of HRV associated to the Valsalva maneuver can represent a simple, but important tool, for possible inferences on physical aptitude.

Efeito da estimulação elétrica neuromuscular em paciente com paralisia cerebral do tipo espástica / Effect of neuromuscular electric stimulation on a spastic palsy patient

Paralisia cerebral (PC) é uma afecção não progressiva do sistema nervoso central que ocorre durante sua maturação, normalmente resultando em desordens do movimento e da postura persistente. Uma das principais complicações observadas na PC é a hipertonia espástica, que interfere diretamente no processo de reabilitação. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo demonstrar a eficiência da Estimulação Elétrica Neuromuscular (EENM) em criança portadora de Paralisia Cerebral espástica, quantificada por meio da Eletromiografia (EMG). Foi avaliado um paciente de 11 anos, portador de paralisia cerebral, apresentando hemiparesia à esquerda com predomínio crural. O paciente foi submetido a avaliação semiológica (goniometria) e posteriormente a análise eletromiográfica do músculo tibial anterior esquerdo, antes e após 15 sessões de EENM. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram diferenças significativas do sinal eletromiográfico antes e após a EENM com relação a contração isotônica concêntrica (P < 0,05). Por outro lado, a EENM não alterou os achados eletromiográficos relativos a contração isométrica máxima. Foi observado um aumento significativo da amplitude de movimento de dorsiflexão do membro inferior esquerdo, tanto no movimento passivo quanto no ativo. Em outras palavras, a EENM reduziu significativamente a espasticidade do músculo tibial anterior do paciente hemiparético. Dentre vários recursos terapêuticos a serem utilizados para redução da espasticidade, concluímos que a EENM pode ser considerada como uma alternativa eficaz a ser utilizada no processo de reabilitação, em pacientes portadores de paralisia cerebral do tipo espástica.

Cerebral Spastic Palsy (CSP) is a non-progressive affection of the central nervous system that occurs during its maturation normally resulting in movement disorders and persistent posture. One of the main complications of CSP is the spastic hypertony that directly interfere on the rehabilitation process. The aim of the present study was to report the efficiency of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in a child with CSP, quantified by electromyography. We evaluated an eleven years-old male patient with CSP, left hemiparesy with crural dominance. The patient was submitted to semiologic evaluation and to electromiographic analysis of the anterior tibial skeletal muscle, before and after 15 sessions of neuromuscular electrical stimulation. Our results clearly demonstrated significant differences before and after sessions related to isotonic concentric contractions. On the other hand, the electrical stimulation did not alter our findings on the eletromyographic parameters concerning the isometric maximal contraction. We also observed a significant increase in the movement course of the dorsiflexion of the left inferior member, both in passive as well as in active movement. In other words, the neuromuscular electrical stimulation significantly reduced spasticity of the anterior tibial muscle of hemiparetic patient. We concluded that considering different techniques used to treat spasticity, neuromuscular electrical stimulation could constitute a new interesting alternative to be tested on the rehabilitation process of CSP patients.

Estudo da correlacão entre a velocidade de reacão motora e o lactato sanguíneo, em diferentes tempos de luta no judo / Study of the correlation between the velocity of motor reaction and blood lactate in different times of combat in judo

A velocidade de reacão motora humana ou tempo de reacão (TR) é uma capacidade física importante para judocas, sendo observada na reacão aos ataques ou pegadas do adversário, a fim de realizar um contragolpe ou uma esquiva. Durante uma luta de alta intensidade, há um aumento considerável na concentracão de lactato sanguíneo (LS), relacionado à fadiga muscular, podendo interferir na capacidade de reacão do atleta. Fisiologicamente, a fadiga pode ocorrer em diferentes níveis, desde a percepcão do sinal externo, até a contracão muscular. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de verificar a influência das concentracão do LS, após estímulo de luta (Randori) de 1min e 30s, 3min e 5min, no TR em atletas de judô de alto nível. Foram analisados 11 indivíduos masculinos, competidores, saudáveis, com idade média de 23,4 anos n 2 anos. Para o registro do TR simples foi utilizado o sistema Cybex Reactor. Para os registros do LS foi utilizado um lactímetro Accusport®, com fitas Boehringer Mannheim®. A análise da variância (Kruskal-Wallis) mostrou diferenca significativa entre o LS antes e após a luta (p < 0,05) e na comparacão do número de erros (NE) em repouso, imediatamente após as lutas e após 3min do final (p < 0,05), demonstrando a correlacão significativa entre estas variáveis (p < 0,05; r = 0,9341). Entretanto, não houve diferenca significativa entre os registros de TR pré e pós-lutas (p > 0,05). Conclui-se que a concentracão de LS não influencia a capacidade dos atletas de reagir rapidamente ao estímulo visual, mas faz com que haja uma diminuicão na eficiência na tarefa de TR, provavelmente devido a diminuicão na capacidade de concentracão dos atletas de judô após condicão fatigante de luta.