[The concentration of trehalose and acitvity of trehalase from Galleria mellonella larvae infected by Steinernema affinis, Bovien 1937 (Nematoda: Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)]. / Zawartosc trehalozy i aktywnosc trehalazy u larw Galleria mellonella zarazonych Steinernema affinis, Bovien 1937 (Nematoda: Rhabditida: Steinernematidae).

The experimental studies were conducted on caterpillars of wax moth Galleria mellonella infected with Steinernema affinis larvae. The concentration of trehalose and the activity of trehalase were measured during the invasion lasting 48h. The level of trehalose and activity of enzyme were slightly lower in infected insects in comparison to the control animals.

[The enzymes of carbohydrates metabolism from Cysttidicola farionis (Cystidicolidae)]. / Enzymy katabolizmu wwglowodanów z Cysttidicola farionis (Cystidicolidae).

The content of glycogen, glucose and trehalose was measured in larvae and adults of Cystidicola farionis, the parasite isolated from the swim bladder of Osmerus eperlanus from Vistula Lagoon. Activity of glycogen phosphorylase, alpha-amylase, glucoamylase, maltase, trehalase, and trehalose phosphorylase were measured. The highest activity was recorded for alpha-amylase 10.07 +/- 0.97 mu/mg and 7.47 +/- 0.24 mu/mg, next maltase 1.34 +/- 0.63 micromol/mg and 2.06 +/- 1.65 micronol/mg respectively for larvae and adults. The activity of glucoamylase was nearly the same for adults and larvae (about 0.20 micromol/mg). The trehalase activity was higher at adults (0.49 +/- 0.42 micromol/mg) than at larvae (0.18 +/- 0.12 micromol/mg). The activity of glycogen phosphorylase was much higher at larvae (3.58 +/- 1.49 micromol/mg) than at adults parasite (0.10 +/- 0.02 micromol/mg). The trehalose phosphorylase was present in both stages of parasite, but its activity was low. The content of glycogen and glucose was two-times higher in the adults' body than in larvae.

[The comparison of properties of alpha-amylase from the third and fourth stage of Anisakis simplex larvae]. / Porównanie wlasnosci alpha-amylazy z larw trzeciego i czwartego stadium Anisakis simplex.

alpha-Amylase is present in the third (L3) and in the fourth-stage (L4) of larvae from Anisakis simplex. The enzymes from both sources differ in some of their properties. alpha-Amylase from L3 showed a maximum at pH 7.8, enzyme from L4 stage at pH 6.5. The alpha-amylase from L3 was mainly lysosomal enzyme. The enzyme from L4 was located in the microsomal fraction. The L3 alpha-amylase showed the inhibition by EDTA and by -SH reagent iodoacetic acid. These agents did not change the activity of L4 enzyme. Both izoenzymes were unaffected by calcium and magnesium ions. Generally the alpha-amylase from L4 stage had higher activity (3.71 u/mg) than L3 one (2.29 u/mg).

[Influence of zinc and lead ions on the development of eggs of Ascaris suum (Nematoda)]. / Wplyw jonów olowiu i cynku na rozwój jaj Ascaris suum (Nematoda).

The objective of this work was to examine the influence of heavy metals ions, zinc and lead, in external environment on the development of Ascaris suum to invasive stage. The culture mediums contained 25.5, and 0.5 mM Pb(NO3)2 or ZnSO4. After 6 weeks of development in 26 degrees C in the control 75.17% of eggs reached the invasive stage. Ions of lead and zinc, in a way depending on concentration inhibited development of embryos. The invasive stage in the presence of 25.5 and 0.5 mM Pb(NO3)2 were achieved by 37.89% , 44,75% and 64.63% of eggs and in ZnSO4 solutions with the same concentrations of ions 45.40%, 50.36% and 66.61% respectively. Many of eggs in 25 mM solutions of both metals stopped at the blastula stage.