Occurrence of acute kidney injury in adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The knowledge about the acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can help health teams to carry out a targeted care plan. This study aimed to determine the AKI incidence in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. METHODS: The electronic search covered research published until June 20, 2020, and included five databases, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Library). Eligible studies were those including data from AKI occurrence in adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The primary outcome was AKI incidence, and the secondary outcome assessed was the AKI mortality. Additionally, the estimated incidence of renal replacement therapy (RRT) need also was verified. Using a standardized form prepared in Microsoft Excel, data were extracted by two independents authors, regarding the description of studies, characteristics of patients and clinical data on the AKI occurrence. RESULTS: We included 30 studies in this systematic review, of which 28 were included in the meta-analysis. Data were assessed from 18.043 adult patients with COVID-19. The AKI estimate incidence overall and at the ICU was 9.2% (4.6-13.9) and 32.6% (8.5-56.6), respectively. AKI estimate incidence in the elderly patients and those with acute respiratory disease syndrome was 22.9% (-4.0-49.7) and 4.3% (1.8-6.8), respectively. Patients with secondary infection, AKI estimate incidence was 31.6% (12.3-51.0). The estimate incidence of patients that required RRT was 3.2% (1.1-5.4) and estimate AKI mortality was 50.4% (17.0-83.9). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of AKI is frequent among adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19, and affects on average, up to 13.9% of these patients. It is believed that AKI occurs early and in parallel with lung injury.

Occurrence of acute kidney injury in adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis / Ocurrencia de lesión renal aguda en pacientes adultos hospitalizados con COVID-19: revisión sistemática y metanálisis

Background and aimThe knowledge about the acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can help health teams to carry out a targeted care plan. This study aimed to determine the AKI incidence in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.MethodsThe electronic search covered research published until June 20, 2020, and included five databases, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Library). Eligible studies were those including data from AKI occurrence in adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The primary outcome was AKI incidence, and the secondary outcome assessed was the AKI mortality. Additionally, the estimated incidence of renal replacement therapy (RRT) need also was verified. Using a standardized form prepared in Microsoft Excel, data were extracted by two independents authors, regarding the description of studies, characteristics of patients and clinical data on the AKI occurrence.ResultsWe included 30 studies in this systematic review, of which 28 were included in the meta-analysis. Data were assessed from 18.043 adult patients with COVID-19. The AKI estimate incidence overall and at the ICU was 9.2% (4.6–13.9) and 32.6% (8.5–56.6), respectively. AKI estimate incidence in the elderly patients and those with acute respiratory disease syndrome was 22.9% (−4.0–49.7) and 4.3% (1.8–6.8), respectively. Patients with secondary infection, AKI estimate incidence was 31.6% (12.3–51.0). The estimate incidence of patients that required RRT was 3.2% (1.1–5.4) and estimate AKI mortality was 50.4% (17.0–83.9).ConclusionThe occurrence of AKI is frequent among adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19, and affects on average, up to 13.9% of these patients. It is believed that AKI occurs early and in parallel with lung injury. (AU)

Antecedentes y objetivoEl conocimiento de la incidencia de lesión renal aguda (LRA) en pacientes con enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) puede ayudar a los equipos de atención médica a llevar a cabo un plan de atención específico. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la incidencia de LRA en pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19.MétodosLa búsqueda electrónica cubrió la investigación publicada hasta el 20 de junio del 2020 e incluyó 5 bases de datos: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus y Lilacs (Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de América Latina y el Caribe). Los estudios elegibles fueron aquellos que incluyeron datos sobre la aparición de LRA en pacientes adultos hospitalizados con COVID-19. El resultado primario fue la incidencia de LRA y el resultado secundario evaluado fue la mortalidad por LRA. Además, también se verificó la incidencia estimada de necesidad de terapia de reemplazo renal (TRR). Mediante un formulario estandarizado elaborado en Microsoft Excel, los datos fueron extraídos por 2 autores independientes, haciendo referencia a la descripción de los estudios, las características de los pacientes y los datos clínicos sobre la ocurrencia de LRA.ResultadosEn esta revisión sistemática se incluyeron 30 estudios, de los cuales 28 se incluyeron en el metaanálisis. Se evaluaron los datos de 18.043 pacientes adultos con COVID-19. La incidencia estimada de LRA en general y en la UCI fue del 9,2% (4,6-13,9) y del 32,6% (8,5-56,6), respectivamente. La incidencia estimada de LRA en pacientes ancianos y pacientes con síndrome de enfermedad respiratoria aguda fue del 22,9% (–4,0-49,7) y del 4,3% (1,8-6,8), respectivamente. En pacientes con infección secundaria, la incidencia estimada de LRA fue del 31,6% (12,3-51,0). La incidencia estimada de pacientes que requirieron TRR fue del 3,2% (1,1-5,4) y la mortalidad estimada por LRA fue del 50,4% (17,0-83,9). ... (AU)

Aspirado versus biópsia para o diagnóstico de feridas infectadas / Aspirated versus biopsy for the diagnosis of infected wounds / Aspiración versus biopsia para el diagnóstico de heridas infectadas

Objetivo: Analisar a eficácia de diferentes métodos de coleta para análise microbiológica no diagnóstico de infecção em lesões de pele.Método:Abordagem quantitativa, descritivo, através do método de investigação clínica comparativa, realizado em um Hospital Universitário, a amostra foi composta por 8 pacientes, para realização das culturas, duas amostras foram coletadas de cada ferida, uma amostra pela técnica de biópsia e a outra por aspirado. Resultados:Foram realizadas 16 coletas de material de feridas para cultura, sendo 8 aspirados e 8 biópsias, a comparação ocorreu entre os diferentes métodos de coleta, uma amostra apresentou resultado negativo para microrganismos em ambas as técnicas de coleta, nas demais foram isolados 25 microrganismos, sendo 21 Gram Negativo e 4 Gram Positivo, destes,14 foram identificados pela técnica de biópsia, houve diferença quanto a presença e o tipo de microrganismo em duas coletas. Conclusão:Pode-se concluir que o método mais eficaz de coleta para cultura e análise microbiológica no diagnóstico de infecção em lesões de pele e que se mostrou mais sensível na identificação de microrganismo foi à biópsia.

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of different collection methods for microbiological analysis in the diagnosis of infectionin skin lesions. Method:Quantitative, descriptive approach, through the method of comparative clinical investigation, carried out in a University Hospital, the sample consisted of 8 patients, to perform the cultures, two samples were collected from each wound, a sample by the biopsy technique and the another for aspirate. Results:16 collections of material from wounds for culture were performed, 8 of which were aspirated and 8 biopsies, the comparison was made between the different collection methods, one sample showed a negative result for microorganisms in both collection techniques, in the others 25 microorganisms were isolated , being 21 Gram Negative and 4 Gram Positive, of these, 14 were identified by the biopsy technique, there was a difference in the presence and type of microorganism in two collections. Conclusion:It can be concluded that the most effective method of collection for culture and microbiological analysis in the diagnosis of infection in skin lesions and which was more sensitive in the identification of microorganisms was the biopsy.

Objetivo: Analizar la efectividad de diferentes métodos de recolección para análisis microbiológicos en el diagnóstico de infección en lesiones cutáneas. Método:Enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, a través del método de investigación clínica comparada, realizado en un Hospital Universitario, la muestra estuvo conformada por 8 pacientes, para realizar los cultivos se recolectó dos muestras de cada herida, una muestra por la técnica de biopsia y la otro para aspirado. Resultados:Se realizaron 16 colectas de material de heridas para cultivo, de las cuales 8 fueron aspiradas y 8 biopsias, se hizo la comparación entre los diferentes métodos de colecta, una muestra arrojó resultado negativo para microorganismos en ambas técnicas de colecta, en las otras 25 microorganismos fueron aislados, siendo 21 Gram Negativos y 4 Gram Positivos, de estos, 14 fueron identificados por la técnica de biopsia, hubo diferencia en la presencia y tipo de microorganismo en dos colectas. Conclusión:Se puede concluir que el método de recolección para cultivo y análisis microbiológico más efectivo en el diagnóstico de infección en lesiones cutáneas y que fue más sensible en la identificación de microorganismos fue la biopsia.

Occurrence of acute kidney injury in adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background and aim: The knowledge about the acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can help health teams to carry out a targeted care plan. This study aimed to determine the AKI incidence in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods: The electronic search covered research published until June 20, 2020, and included five databases, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Lilacs (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Library). Eligible studies were those including data from AKI occurrence in adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The primary outcome was AKI incidence, and the secondary outcome assessed was the AKI mortality. Additionally, the estimated incidence of renal replacement therapy (RRT) need also was verified. Using a standardized form prepared in Microsoft Excel, data were extracted by two independents authors, regarding the description of studies, characteristics of patients and clinical data on the AKI occurrence. Results: We included 30 studies in this systematic review, of which 28 were included in the meta-analysis. Data were assessed from 18.043 adult patients with COVID-19. The AKI estimate incidence overall and at the ICU was 9.2% (4.6-13.9) and 32.6% (8.5-56.6), respectively. AKI estimate incidence in the elderly patients and those with acute respiratory disease syndrome was 22.9% (-4.0-49.7) and 4.3% (1.8-6.8), respectively. Patients with secondary infection, AKI estimate incidence was 31.6% (12.3-51.0). The estimate incidence of patients that required RRT was 3.2% (1.1-5.4) and estimate AKI mortality was 50.4% (17.0-83.9). Conclusion: The occurrence of AKI is frequent among adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19, and affects on average, up to 13.9% of these patients. It is believed that AKI occurs early and in parallel with lung injury.

Antecedentes y objetivo: El conocimiento de la incidencia de lesión renal aguda (LRA) en pacientes con enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) puede ayudar a los equipos de atención médica a llevar a cabo un plan de atención específico. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la incidencia de LRA en pacientes hospitalizados con COVID-19. Métodos: La búsqueda electrónica cubrió la investigación publicada hasta el 20 de junio del 2020 e incluyó 5 bases de datos: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus y Lilacs (Biblioteca de Ciencias de la Salud de América Latina y el Caribe). Los estudios elegibles fueron aquellos que incluyeron datos sobre la aparición de LRA en pacientes adultos hospitalizados con COVID-19. El resultado primario fue la incidencia de LRA y el resultado secundario evaluado fue la mortalidad por LRA. Además, también se verificó la incidencia estimada de necesidad de terapia de reemplazo renal (TRR). Mediante un formulario estandarizado elaborado en Microsoft Excel, los datos fueron extraídos por 2 autores independientes, haciendo referencia a la descripción de los estudios, las características de los pacientes y los datos clínicos sobre la ocurrencia de LRA. Resultados: En esta revisión sistemática se incluyeron 30 estudios, de los cuales 28 se incluyeron en el metaanálisis. Se evaluaron los datos de 18.043 pacientes adultos con COVID-19. La incidencia estimada de LRA en general y en la UCI fue del 9,2% (4,6-13,9) y del 32,6% (8,5-56,6), respectivamente. La incidencia estimada de LRA en pacientes ancianos y pacientes con síndrome de enfermedad respiratoria aguda fue del 22,9% (­4,0-49,7) y del 4,3% (1,8-6,8), respectivamente. En pacientes con infección secundaria, la incidencia estimada de LRA fue del 31,6% (12,3-51,0). La incidencia estimada de pacientes que requirieron TRR fue del 3,2% (1,1-5,4) y la mortalidad estimada por LRA fue del 50,4% (17,0-83,9). Conclusión: La ocurrencia de LRA es frecuente en pacientes adultos hospitalizados con COVID-19 y afecta, en promedio, hasta al 13,9% de estos pacientes. Se cree que la LRA ocurre temprano y en paralelo con la lesión pulmonar.

Complicações intradialíticas em pacientes com injúria renal aguda / Complicaciones intradialíticas en pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda / Intradialytic complications in patients with acute kidney injury

Resumo Objetivo Identificar a prevalência de complicações intradialíticas em pacientes com injúria renal aguda (IRA) na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) e seus fatores associados; verificar quais foram as condutas profissionais imediatas adotadas pela equipe. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado na UTI de um hospital universitário e público, localizado na região sul do Brasil. Foram incluídos neste estudo todos os pacientes internados na UTI com diagnóstico médico de IRA dialítica entre janeiro de 2011 e dezembro de 2016. Realizou-se coleta de dados contidos em prontuários. Considerou-se como estatisticamente significativo p-valor < 0,05. Resultados Foram incluídos 76 pacientes, sendo a maioria com idade entre 41 e 65 anos (n= 44; 57,9%). Todos realizaram hemodiálise intermitente. Do total de pacientes, 71 (93,4%) apresentaram complicações durante a hemodiálise, sendo hipotensão intradialítica a complicação mais prevalente, acometendo 51 (71,8%) pacientes. A conduta profissional imediata mais frequente para a referida complicação foi instalação e/ou controle da infusão do medicamento vasoativo (100% dos casos). Idade, ventilação mecânica, IRA relacionada à sepse, número e tempo de duração (horas) das sessões dialíticas, bem como o momento de início da diálise foram significativamente associados à frequência das complicações intradialíticas. Conclusão Os pacientes apresentaram alta prevalência de complicações intradialíticas, sendo que as condutas profissionais imediatas mais frequentes objetivaram reverter hipotensão intradialítica e foram realizadas majoritariamente pela equipe de enfermagem. Os fatores associados às complicações estiveram relacionados à gravidade dos pacientes no início da diálise.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar la prevalencia de complicaciones intradialíticas en pacientes con insuficiencia renal aguda (IRA) en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y sus factores asociados; verificar qué conductas profesionales inmediatas fueron adoptadas por el equipo. Métodos Estudio retrospectivo, con abordaje cuantitativo, realizado en la UCI de un hospital universitario y público, ubicado en la región sur de Brasil. Se incluyeron en este estudio todos los pacientes ingresados a la UCI con diagnóstico médico de IRA dialítica entre enero de 2011 y diciembre de 2016. Se realizó la recopilación de datos de los prontuarios. Considerados estadísticamente significante p-valor < 0,05. Resultados Se incluyeron 76 pacientes, en su mayoría con edades entre 41 y 65 años (n= 44; 57,9 %). Todos realizaron hemodiálisis intermitente. Del total de pacientes, 71 (93,4 %) presentaron complicaciones durante la hemodiálisis, con hipotensión intradialítica como la complicación más prevalente, acometiendo a 51 (71,8 %) pacientes. La conducta profesional inmediata más frecuente para la referida complicación fue la instalación o el control de la infusión del medicamento vasoactivo (100 % de los casos). Edad, ventilación mecánica, IRA relacionada a la sepsis, número y tiempo de duración (horas) de las sesiones dialíticas, así como el momento de inicio de la diálisis estuvieron significativamente asociados con la frecuencia de las complicaciones intradialíticas. Conclusión Los pacientes presentaron alta prevalencia de complicaciones intradialíticas y las conductas profesionales inmediatas más frecuentes tuvieron el objetivo de revertir la hipotensión intradialítica y se realizaron mayoritariamente por el equipo de enfermería. Los factores asociados a las complicaciones se relacionaron con la gravedad de los pacientes al inicio de la diálisis.

Abstract Objective To identify the prevalence of intradialytic complications in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and their associated factors and verify what were the immediate professional behaviors adopted by the team. Methods This is a quantitative retrospective study, carried out in the ICU of a university and public hospital, located in southern Brazil. All patients admitted to an ICU with a medical diagnosis of dialysis AKI between January 2011 and December 2016 were included in this study. Data were collected from medical records. A statistical difference with a p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 76 patients were included, the majority aged between 41 and 65 years (n=44; 57.9%). All underwent intermittent hemodialysis. Of the total number of patients, 71 (93.4%) had complications during hemodialysis, with intradialytic hypotension being the most prevalent complication, affecting 51 (71.8%) patients. The most frequent immediate professional conduct for this complication was installation and/or control of vasoactive drug infusion (100% of cases). Age, mechanical ventilation, sepsis-related AKI, number and duration (hours) of dialysis sessions, as well as the time of starting dialysis were significantly associated with the frequency of intradialytic complications. Conclusion Patients had a high prevalence of intradialytic complications, and the most frequent immediate professional procedures aimed at reversing intradialytic hypotension and were performed mainly by the nursing team. Factors associated with complications were related to the severity of patients at the beginning of dialysis.

Effect of essential oils on Leishmania amazonensis: a systematic review.

This systematic review investigated the evidence for the therapeutic potential of essential oils (EOs) against Leishmania amazonensis. We searched available scientific publications from 2005 to 2019 in the PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases, according to PRISMA statement. The search strategy utilized descriptors and free terms. The EOs effect of 35 species of plants identified in this systematic review study, 45.7% had half of the maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 10 < IC50 ⩽ 50 µg mL-1 and 14.3% had a 10 < IC50µg mL-1 for promastigote forms of L. amazonensis. EOs from Cymbopogon citratus species had the lowest IC50 (1.7 µg mL-1). Among the plant species analyzed for activity against intracellular amastigote forms of L. amazonensis, 39.4% had an IC50 10 < IC50 ⩽ 50 µg mL-1, and 33.3% had an IC50 10 < IC50µg mL-1. Aloysia gratissima EO showed the lowest IC50 (0.16 µg mL-1) for intracellular amastigotes. EOs of Chenopodium ambrosioides, Copaifera martii and Carapa guianensis, administered by the oral route, were effective in reducing parasitic load and lesion volume in L. amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice. EOs of Bixa orellana and C. ambrosioides were effective when administered intraperitoneally. Most of the studies analyzed in vitro and in vivo for the risk of bias showed moderate methodological quality. These results indicate a stimulus for the development of new phytotherapy drugs for leishmaniasis treatment.

Qualidade de vida e percepção do estado de saúde entre indivíduos hospitalizados / Calidad de vida y percepción de la condición de salud entre personas hospitalizadas / Quality of life and perception of health status among hospitalized individuals

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) e a percepção do estado de saúde entre indivíduos hospitalizados, bem como sua correlação entre si e com fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos. Método Descritivo, transversal, analítico, desenvolvido entre abril de 2018 e janeiro de 2019 com uma amostra probabilística (n=132) de indivíduos internados em hospital universitário do Paraná, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio do WHOQOL-Bref, Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) e formulário para extração de dados sociodemográficos e clínicos. Aplicou-se análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados Na avaliação da QV, os melhores e piores escores foram dos domínios Relações Sociais (72,6±15,46) e Físico (56,1±17,01), respectivamente. O escore geral pelo WHOQOL-Bref foi 64,1±10,41 e a pontuação pela EVA foi 7,6±1,74. Houve associação entre baixos escores da QV e internações prévias. A correlação entre os domínios do WHOQOL-Bref e a EVA foram fracas a moderadas, não apresentando impacto na avaliação. Conclusões A EVA obteve melhor pontuação quando comparada ao WHOQOL-Bref. Internação prévia favoreceu avaliações negativas sobre a QV, bem como referente a percepção sobre o estado de saúde. Implicações para a prática Tais informações podem ajudar o planejamento do cuidado de enfermagem para diminuir o impacto negativo da internação na QV dos indivíduos.

RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar la calidad de vida (CV) y la percepción de la condición de salud entre personas hospitalizadas, así como su correlación entre sí y con factores sociodemográficos y clínicos. Método Estudio descriptivo, transversal, analítico, desarrollado entre abril/2018 y enero/2019 con una muestra probabilística (n=132) de individuos ingresados en un hospital universitario en Paraná, Brasil. Datos recolectados por WHOQOL-Bref, Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) y un formulario para extraer datos sociodemográficos y clínicos. Se aplicó el análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados En la evaluación CV, las mejores y peores puntuaciones se encuentran en los dominios Relaciones Sociales (72,6±15,46) y Físicas (56,1±17,01), respectivamente. La puntuación general de WHOQOL-Bref fue de 64,1±10,41 y la puntuación EVA, 7,6±1,74. Hubo asociación entre los puntajes bajos de evaluación CV y las hospitalizaciones previas. La correlación entre los dominios WHOQOL-Bref y EVA fue débil a moderada, sin impacto en la evaluación. Conclusiones EVA obtuvo mejor puntuación que WHOQOL-Bref. Las hospitalizaciones anteriores favorecieron las evaluaciones negativas sobre CV, así como con respecto a la percepción de la condición de salud. Implicaciones para la práctica Dicha información puede ayudar a planificar la atención de enfermería para reducir el impacto negativo de la hospitalización en la CV del individuo.

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the quality of life (QOL) and the perception of health status among hospitalized individuals, as well as their correlation with each other and with sociodemographic and clinical factors. Method Descriptive, transversal, analytical study, developed between April 2018 and January 2019 with a probabilistic sample (n=132) of individuals admitted to a university hospital in Paraná, Brazil. Data were collected using WHOQOL-Bref, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a form for extracting sociodemographic and clinical data. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was applied. Results When assessing QOL, the best and worst scores were from the Social Relationship (72.6±15.46) and Physical (56.1±17.01) domains, respectively. The general score by the WHOQOL-Bref was 64.1±10.41 and the score by the VAS was 7.6±1.74. There was an association between low QOL assessment scores and previous hospitalizations. The correlation between the WHOQOL-Bref domains and the VAS were weak to moderate, with no impact on the assessment. Conclusions VAS obtained a better score when compared to WHOQOL-Bref. Previous hospitalizations favored negative assessments on QOL, as well as regarding the perception of health status. Implications for practice Such information can help the planning of nursing care to reduce the negative impact of hospitalization on the QOL of individuals.

Therapeutic Effects of Medicinal Plants on Cutaneous Wound Healing in Humans: A Systematic Review.

The pharmaceutical industry has made great strides in providing drugs that are able to stimulate the healing process, but only 1-3% of all drugs that are listed in Western pharmacopoeias are intended for use on the skin or cutaneous wounds. Of these, at least one-third are obtained from plants. We sought to review the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants on human skin lesions. For this systematic review, we searched the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify clinical trials that were published from 1997 to 2017. We reviewed studies that described the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of skin lesions in humans. Ten studies were selected, eight of which were published from 2007 to 2016, with a total of 503 patients. Among the plant species that were used for the treatment of human skin lesions, 12 belonged to 11 families and were included in the analysis. All of the plant species that were studied presented high therapeutic potential for the treatment of cutaneous lesions.

Caracterização de vítimas de acidentes laborais atendidas em unidade de pronto atendimento da região sul/Brasil / Caracterización de víctimas de accidentes laborales atendidas en unidad de emergencia del sur/Brasil / Victims of work accident’s description in an emergency unit in southern Brazil

Objetivo: descrever a caracterização das vítimas de acidentes de trabalho atendidas em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento (UPA) da região Sul do Brasil. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva, transversal, com coleta de dados em 391 prontuários selecionados,por recorte temporal,no período de janeiro a junho de 2012, sendo os dados submetidos à estatística descritiva. Resultados: o acidente típico foi predominante e acometeu, principalmente, o sexo masculino, na faixa etária dos 20 aos 39 anos, no ramo agroindustrial. Predominaram os ferimentos corto-contusos e contusões, sendo os dedos das mãos/pés as regiões mais acometidas. O tempo de afastamento laboral de maior ocorrência foi entre 1 a 3 dias.Conclusão: a caracterização das vítimas de acidentes laborais atendidos na UPA proporcionou subsídios para a elaboração e a fiscalização de programas de prevenção de acidentes, bem como o direcionamento das ações de enfermagem.

Aim: to investigate the description of the victims of work accidents treated at an Emergency Unit (UPA) in southern Brazil. Method: descriptive, cross-sectional survey with documentary analysis and quantitative approach used on data collected in 391 medical records selected by time frame from January to June 2012. Data were submittedto descriptive statistics. Results: most typically, the majority of accidents had male victims, with ages from 20 to 39 and involved the agribusiness sector. Concerning the nature of the lesions, the majority of them was the blunt cut wounds and bruises having fingers/ feet as the most affected regions. The highest absence time from work was reported between 1-3 days. Conclusion: the description of the victims of work accidents treated at an UPA provides subsidies for the development and supervision of accident prevention programs, as well as the guidance of the nursing action.

Objetivo: caracterizar las víctimas de accidentes laborales atendidas en Unidad de Cuidados de Emergencia (UCE) del Sur de Brasil. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal de enfoque cuantitativo, con recopilación de datos en 391 registros seleccionados de enero-junio de 2012, avaliados mediante estatística descriptiva. Resultados: el accidente típico fue el más común, ocurrido entre los hombres con edad entre los 20 y los 30 años y actuacíon en la agroindústria. La mayoría de las heridas fueron corto-contusas y contusiones, con los dedos de las manos/pies las partes más afectadas. Conclusion: la caracterización de las víctimas contribuye para la preparación y supervisión de los programas de prevención de accidentes laborales y con la realización de acciones de enfermería.

The knowledge of intensive care professionals about diarrhea.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the opinions and practices of intensive care professionals with regard to diarrhea in critically ill patients. METHODS: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among health care professionals working at three adult intensive care units.Participants responded individually to a self-administered questionnaire about their length of work experience in intensive care; the definition,characterization, and causes of diarrhea;types of records in the patient's medical record; and training received. RESULTS: A total of 78 professionals participated in this study, of whom 59.0% were nurse technicians, 25.7%were nurses, and 15.3% were physicians;77.0% of them had worked in intensive care for over 1 year. Only 37.2% had received training on this topic. Half of the interviewees defined diarrhea as "liquid and/or pasty stools" regardless of frequency, while the other 50.0% defined diarrhea based on the increased number of daily bowel movements. The majority of them mentioned diet as the main cause of diarrhea, followed by "use of medications" (p<0.001). Distinct nutritional practices were observed among the analyzed professionals regarding episodes of diarrhea, such as discontinuing, maintaining, or reducing the volume of enteral nutrition; physicians reported that they do not routinely communicate the problem to other professionals (for example, to a nutritionist) and do not routinely record and quantify diarrhea events in patients' medical records. CONCLUSION: Different opinions and practices were observed in intensive care professionals with regard to diarrhea.

Conhecimento de profissionais de unidade de terapia intensiva sobre diarreia / The knowledge of intensive care professionals about diarrhea

Objetivo: Avaliar opiniões e condutas de profissionais atuantes em unidades de terapia intensiva relacionadas à diarreia do paciente grave. Métodos: Estudo transversal, multicêntrico realizado com profissionais de saúde de três unidades de terapia intensiva de adultos. Os participantes responderam individualmente a um questionário autoaplicável sobre tempo de atuação profissional em terapia intensiva; definição, caracterização e causas da diarreia; formas de registro no prontuário; e treinamentos recebidos. Resultados: Participaram 78 profissionais, sendo 59,0% técnicos em enfermagem, 25,7% enfermeiros e 15,3% médicos; 77,0% trabalham em terapia intensiva há mais de 1 ano. Apenas 37,2% tinham realizado previamente algum treinamento relacionado. Metade dos entrevistados caracterizou diarreia como "evacuações líquidas e/ou pastosas" independentemente da frequência, enquanto os outros 50,0% caracterizaram pelo aumento do número de episódios diários de evacuações. A maioria referiu a dieta como principal fator causal da diarreia, seguida de "uso de medicamentos" (p<0,001). Foram detectadas condutas nutricionais distintas entre os profissionais pesquisados frente a um episódio de diarreia, no tocante a suspender, manter ou reduzir a dieta; os médicos referiram não ter o hábito de comunicar a outro profissional (por exemplo, o nutricionista), assim como não referiram o hábito de registrar e quantificar os eventos de diarreia no prontuário. Conclusão: Detectou-se pluralidade de opiniões e atitudes dos profissionais de terapia intensiva relacionadas à diarreia. .

Objective: To assess the opinions and practices of intensive care professionals with regard to diarrhea in critically ill patients. Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among health care professionals working at three adult intensive care units. Participants responded individually to a self-administered questionnaire about their length of work experience in intensive care; the definition, characterization, and causes of diarrhea; types of records in the patient's medical record; and training received. Results: A total of 78 professionals participated in this study, of whom 59.0% were nurse technicians, 25.7% were nurses, and 15.3% were physicians; 77.0% of them had worked in intensive care for over 1 year. Only 37.2% had received training on this topic. Half of the interviewees defined diarrhea as "liquid and/or pasty stools" regardless of frequency, while the other 50.0% defined diarrhea based on the increased number of daily bowel movements. The majority of them mentioned diet as the main cause of diarrhea, followed by "use of medications" (p<0.001). Distinct nutritional practices were observed among the analyzed professionals regarding episodes of diarrhea, such as discontinuing, maintaining, or reducing the volume of enteral nutrition; physicians reported that they do not routinely communicate the problem to other professionals (for example, to a nutritionist) and do not routinely record and quantify diarrhea events in patients' medical records. Conclusion: Different opinions and practices were observed in intensive care professionals with regard to diarrhea. .