[Gene polymorphism in oral lichen planus].

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa. The prevalence rate of OLP in adults is 0.5%-2%. The etiology and pathogenesis of OLP are still unclear. The pathogenesis of OLP may be related to the genetic polymorphism of some genes. Currently, the gene families, including tumor necrosis factor, interferon, interleukin, enzyme, and receptor, have been extensively studied. This work reviews related studies on gene polymorphism of OLP.

Clinical characteristics and analysis of familial oral lichen planus in eight Chinese families.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most common oral mucosa diseases; however, familial OLP is uncommon. The present study reported and analyzed patients with familial OLP (n=18) in eight different Chinese families between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2013. Parameters analyzed include gender, age at diagnosis, lesion distribution and lesion type. The follow-up period for each patient was a minimum of 1 year. In this survey, 18/88 individuals in the eight families were affected. Females were more frequently affected, and the female to male ratio for familial OLP (2.2:1) was higher compared with that previously reported for nonfamilial OLP (1.4:1). The age at diagnosis, lesion distribution and lesion type showed consistency with reports concerning nonfamilial OLP, with the exception of family VI, in which 4/5 children had OLP/LP lesions and were of an early age at diagnosis. There were two families in which three generations had been affected by OLP. In addition, it appeared that patients of the same generation in the same family were of a similar age at diagnosis. No malignant or premalignant lesion was identified in the 18 individuals diagnosed with OLP from the eight families. The present study supports the hypothesis that genetic predisposition may serve a role in the etiology of OLP.

Tongue lipoma in an older male: A case report and literature review of patients with tongue lipoma reported in China.

Lipoma is the most common benign tumor that occurs at any region where adipose tissue is present. However, as the tongue is devoid of adipocyte it is an extremely rare site for a lipoma to develop, particularly in China. The present study reports the presence of a tongue lipoma in a 78-year-old man that measured 2.2×2.0×1.5 cm and was located on the left ventral region of the tongue. The tumor was completely excised, and subsequent to 4 years of follow-up, there was no recurrence of the lesion. In addition, the present study reviewed the literature concerning tongue lipomas in China and analyzed 18 other cases of patients with tongue lipomas in the past 30 years, between 1 January 1985 and 31 December 2014.

[Clinical anatomy of iliac bone grafts used for mandibular reconstruction and dental implantation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anatomical features of iliac bone grafts used for mandibular reconstruction and dental implantation. METHODS: Sixteen cadavers were dissected. The length, width, height and cortical thickness of the iliac bone were measured with respect to points determined by the relative dimensions of the bone. RESULTS: The length of iliac bone graft was (77.2 ± 6.1) mm. The height was from (38.2 ± 4.2) mm to (41.9 ± 4.7) mm. The width decreased from iliac crest to base line. The least width 10 mm and 15 mm away from iliac crest were (8.4 ± 2.2) mm and (6.5 ± 2.1) mm respectively. The greatest mean cross-sectional cortical thickness at the intermediate line of the iliac crest was (3.4 ± 0.8) mm. CONCLUSIONS: Anatomical features of iliac bone are suitable for designing bone grafts for mandibular reconstruction followed by dental implantation.

[Anti-inflammatory action of lipid-bound apoA-I cysteine mutants].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the anti-inflammatory functions of different cysteine mutants of apolipoprotein A-I recombinant HDLs. METHODS: The recombinant HDLs (named rHDL52, rHDL107, rHDL173, rHDLwt) were reconstituted by mixing wild types or their mutants with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine. And the in vivo effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia were examined in mice. The plasma levels of plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-6 in by ELISA were tested. And we also set up two control groups: LPS and saline. RESULTS: The rHDL52 mice had a significant decrease of plasma TNF-alpha and IL-1beta and the protection of lung against acute injury. 24 h post-injection as compared with rHDLwt group [TNF-alpha: (135.28 +/- 12.84) pg/ml, IL-1beta: (82.00 +/- 8.19) pg/ml], the rHDL52 mice exhibited a higher capability of lowering the plasma levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta [(39.66 +/- 2.44) pg/ml, (66.83 +/- 6.24) pg/ml, both P < 0.05]. And, as indicated by histological sections of lung tissue, the rHDL52 mice could also lower the infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung. CONCLUSION: rHDL52 has a higher anti-inflammation capability than wild type rHDLwt.

[Effect of lipid-bound apoA-I cysteine mutants upon lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia in mice].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the anti-inflammatory functions of different cysteine mutants of apolipoprotein A-I recombinant HDLs. METHODS: The authors reconstituted recombinant HDLs (namely rHDL74, rHDL129, rHDL195 and rHDL228) by mixing wild type or those mutants with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and examined their in vivo effects upon LPS-induced endotoxemia in mice. RESULTS: At 24 h post-injection, mice receiving rHDL74 [TNF-alpha: (24 +/- 3) pg/ml; IL-1beta: (45 +/- 5) pg/ml] had a significant decrease of plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) as compared with control mice receiving either saline or rHDLwt [TNF-alpha: (135 +/- 12) pg/ml; IL-1beta: (82 +/- 8) pg/ml, P < 0.05]. Administration of rHDL74 to mice injected with LPS also led to a protection of lung against acute injury and attenuation of endotoxin-induced clinical symptoms in mice as compared with controls injected with LPS only. CONCLUSION: Compared with rHDLwt, rHDL74 exhibits higher anti-inflammation capabilities. And it may be a potential clinical candidate for therapy for endotoxin-induced septic shock.

Study on the association of ultrasonographic thickness and electromyographic activity of masseter muscle in young females with different vertical craniofacial morphology.

PURPOSE: To study the relationship between ultrasonographic thickness and EMG activity of the masseter muscle in subjects with different vertical craniofacial morphology. METHODS: Thirty female students were separated into two groups (14 cases with high-angle, 16 cases with low-angle) based on SN-MP angle, FH-MP angle, and FHI. The thickness of the masseter muscle under relaxed conditions and during maximal clenching was assessed by ultrasonography. EMG activity of the masseter muscle under relaxed conditions and during maximal clenching was recorded with bipolar surface electrodes.All measurements were analyzed with SPSS 11.0 software package. Differences between groups were tested for statistical significance using Student's t test. The relationship between masseter muscle thickness and its EMG activity was estimated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The thickness of the masseter muscle in the low-angle individuals was significantly greater than that in the high-angle individuals under relaxed conditions (P=0.009) and during maximal clenching (P=0.000). Although there was no significant difference in resting EMG activity between the two groups, the EMG activity of masseter muscle in the low-angle individuals was also significantly higher than that in the high-angle individuals during maximal clenching(P=0.022). Relaxed thickness of masseter muscle was significantly correlated with its mean maximum EMG activity in the low-angle group (r=0.61, P=0.003) and moderately correlated with that in the high-angle group (r=0.38, P=0.023). Similar correlation was found between contracted thickness of masseter muscle and the mean maximum EMG activity, being significantly correlated in the low-angle group (r=0.73, P=0.002) and moderately correlated in the high-angle group(r=0.53, P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: The present findings support the concept that subjects with different vertical craniofacial morphology have different form and function of masseter muscle. The ultrasonographic thickness and EMG activity of masseter muscle in the low-angle individuals are both greater than those in the high-angle individuals.

[Preparation methods of nanocavity biomaterials with recognition specificity via template imprinting of proteins].

Nanocavity biomaterials with recognition specificity imprinted by using proteins as templates may successful serve as substitutes for antibodies, enzymes, and other native biological structures as well as cell bracket materials. It has numerous applications in biotechnology, medicine and so on. In this paper, the principle of template imprinting is introduced briefly, the specialty of template imprinting of proteins is analyzed, and the methods of template imprinting of proteins including protein entrapment, microbead surface imprinting, flat surface imprinting as well as the epitope are reviewed in details.