RESUMEN
Listeriosis is a globally rare foodborne disease that causes fetal-placental infection, leading to adverse pregnancy outcome, while limited research among pregnant women is available in China. This study was therefore aimed at analyzing the incidence, clinical manifestations, and clinical outcome of listeriosis among pregnant women and its associated dietary behavior risk factors in prevention. A hospital-based case-control study had been conducted from January 2017 to December 2021. Clinical data, laboratory information, and questionnaires including dietary behaviors and personal hygiene were collected within 2 days after case diagnosis. There were 48 pregnant women, including 12 cases and 36 controls, with an average age of 31.19 ± 3.75 years. The incidence of admission-based listeriosis among pregnant women was 1.6058 per 10,000. The 12 strains were divided into 3 serotypes: 1/2a(83.33%), 1/2b(8.33%), and 4b(8.33%). Among the cases, 5 cases (41.67%) resulted in abortion, 3 cases (25%) induced preterm labor, and 4 cases (33.33%) had full-term deliveries after treatment. There were 7 live births in the case group, among which 6 were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), while 1 case had a healthy fetal outcome. All patients in the control group gave birth to live fetuses. Epidemiological investigation revealed that pregnant women dining at restaurants three or more times per week might increase the risk of having Listeria infection. There were no significant differences in dietary consumed behaviors, hand hygiene, and refrigerator usage behaviors between case and control groups. The study suggested that dining at restaurants might be associated with Listeria infection among pregnant women. Therefore, it is essential to enhance education on listeriosis serious consequences and promote healthy dietary and hygiene habits among pregnant women.
RESUMEN
The process from high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection to cervical cancer is a continuous and long-term process, but the pathogenesis of the whole process is not completely clear. Here, 59 Chinese women were engaged in this study, and divided into five groups: normal healthy group, HR-HPV infections group, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL) group, high-SIL(HSIL) group, and cervical cancer group. With the occurrence of HR-HPV infection and the development of cervical lesions, the diversity of vaginal microbiota species was increased, and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus (L.), the dominant bacteria in maintaining vaginal microecological balance, was decreased gradually. In contrast, the abundance of Actinobacteria in the four disease groups was significantly higher than that in normal group. Furthermore L. iners may be related to the serious progression of cervical cancer. After analyzing the whole process, we found that Gardnerella(G.), Atopobium(A.) and Dialister(D.) have important effects on both persistent HR-HPV infection and the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. In addition, PICRUSt2 and KEGG results showed that the KEGG pathways enriched by the predicted genes of vaginal microbiota in cancer group included metabolic diseases, endocrine system and immune systems when compared with that in normal group. These findings may provide insights into the pathogenesis of cervical cancer, and help to improve the early detection and prevention of cervical precancerous lesions.
RESUMEN
We surveyed the group B Streptococcus (GBS) strains isolated from four teaching hospitals during 1-year period to investigate the current serotypes and antimicrobial resistance status of these strains. A total of 231 non-duplicate colonizing GBS isolates were collected from pregnant women. Antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates was tested by the disk diffusion method. Serotype was performed by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Analysis of the resistance mechanisms was performed by PCR amplification and DNA sequencing. Seven serotypes (Ia, Ib, II, III, V, VI, and VIII) were identified, and the prevalence ranged from 0.9 to 35.9%. All isolates were susceptible to the penicillin, ceftriaxone, and vancomycin. The resistance of all the isolates to erythromycin, clindamycin, and levofloxacin was 61.5, 51.9, and 35.5%, respectively. The erythromycin resistance was mainly associated with the genes ermB and ermB-mef(A/E) (69.8%). The most predominant phenotype was cMLSB (77.5%). Five gene panels, including gyrA, parC, parE, gyrA-parC, and gyrA-parC-parE, were detected. The most predominant genotype was gyrA-parC-parE triple mutation (69.5%). The S81L in gyrA gene, S79Y mutation in parC gene, and H225Y mutation in parE gene were discovered. The isolates with serotype III, V, and Ia were the most important clone concerning the prevalence and resistance.
