Fluorescence imaging and Raman spectroscopy applied for the accurate diagnosis of breast cancer with deep learning algorithms.

Deep learning is usually combined with a single detection technique in the field of disease diagnosis. This study focused on simultaneously combining deep learning with multiple detection technologies, fluorescence imaging and Raman spectroscopy, for breast cancer diagnosis. A number of fluorescence images and Raman spectra were collected from breast tissue sections of 14 patients. Pseudo-color enhancement algorithm and a convolutional neural network were applied to the fluorescence image processing, so that the discriminant accuracy of test sets, 88.61%, was obtained. Two different BP-neural networks were applied to the Raman spectra that mainly comprised collagen and lipid, so that the discriminant accuracy of 95.33% and 98.67% of test sets were gotten, respectively. Then the discriminant results of fluorescence images and Raman spectra were counted and arranged into a characteristic variable matrix to predict the breast tissue samples with partial least squares (PLS) algorithm. As a result, the predictions of all samples are correct, with minor error of predictive value. This study proves that deep learning algorithms can be applied into multiple diagnostic optics/spectroscopy techniques simultaneously to improve the accuracy in disease diagnosis.

Remediation of PAH-contaminated soil by the combination of tall fescue, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus and epigeic earthworms.

A 120-day experiment was performed to investigate the effect of a multi-component bioremediation system consisting of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) (Glomus caledoniun L.), and epigeic earthworms (Eisenia foetida) for cleaning up polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-contaminated soil. Inoculation with AMF and/or earthworms increased plant yield and PAH accumulation in plants. However, PAH uptake by tall fescue accounted for a negligible portion of soil PAH removal. Mycorrhizal tall fescue significantly enhanced PAH dissipation, PAH degrader density and polyphenol oxidase activity in soil. The highest PAH dissipation (93.4%) was observed in the combination treatment: i.e., AMF+earthworms+tall fescue, in which the soil PAH concentration decreased from an initial value of 620 to 41 mg kg(-1) in 120 days. This concentration is below the threshold level required for Chinese soil PAH quality (45 mg kg(-1) dry weight) for residential use.

Remediation of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soil by using a combination of ryegrass, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and earthworms.

In this work, a laboratory experiment was performed to investigate the influences of inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus caledoniun L. and/or epigeic earthworms (Eisenia foetida) on phytoremediation of a PCB-contaminated soil by ryegrass grown for 180d. Planting ryegrass, ryegrass inoculated with earthworms, ryegrass inoculated with AMF, and ryegrass co-inoculated with AMF and earthworms decreased significantly initial soil PCB contents by 58.4%, 62.6%, 74.3%, and 79.5%, respectively. Inoculation with AMF and/or earthworms increased the yield of plants, and the accumulation of PCBs in ryegrass. However, PCB uptake by ryegrass accounted for a negligible portion of soil PCB removal. The number of soil PCB-degrading populations increased when ryegrass was inoculated with AMF and/or earthworms. The data show that fungal inoculation may significantly increase the remedial potential of ryegrass for soil contaminated with PCBs.

[Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and antitumoral activities of cyclopentadienylvanadium derivatives of polyoxotungstates].

Cyclopentadienylvanadium derivatives of polyoxotungstates [Bu4 N]4 [(CpV)PW11O39] (1), [Bu4 N]4 H[(CpV) SiW11 O39] (2) and [Bu4 N]4 [A-beta-(eta5-CpV)SiW9 V3 O40] (3) were synthesized, and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 51V and 183 W NMR spectroscopy. Experiment results indicate that (1) and (2) are polyoxometalate-incorporated organometallic complexes, and (3) is a polyoxometalate supported organometallic complex. Antitumoral activities were examined by MTT method. Experiment results indicate that the title complexes did exhibit to a certainty antitumor activity for HL-60 and B16.

[Safety destruction of tetramethylene disulfotetramine and its medical waste].

OBJECTIVE: To develop suitable methods for safety destruction of tetramethylene disulfotetramine (TETS) and the medical wastes polluted by TETS. METHODS: The chemical stability of TETS was evaluated under the conditions of acid, alkali and high temperature. TETS was treated with sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid under various treatment conditions, i.e. concentration, temperature and time, followed by determining remaining TETS using gas chromatograms to estimating the degradation efficiency of TETS. TETS was put into ampoule and heated under the different conditions of temperature and time. After heat treatment, TETS residue was determined. For evaluating the absorption factor of active carbon to TETS in water and blood, active carbon was added into the water and blood with content of TETS, incubated at room temperature for 24 hours, and then determined the remaining TETS in water and blood. RESULTS: The complete degradation of TETS was achieved by one of the following treatments: heating with 6.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid at 100 degrees C for half an hour, heating with 3.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid or 6.0 mol/L sodium hydroxide at 100 degrees C for 3 hours, mixing with concentrated sulfuric acid or nitric acid at room temperature for 24 hours, and dry heating at 300 degrees C for 4.5 hours. Active carbon showed a marked effectiveness in absorbing the TETS in blood and water, with the mean absorption efficiency of over 90%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that TETS powder should be degraded by acid or alkali, and that the solid medical wastes polluted by TETS should be destroyed at high temperature. For the blood and water having contents of TETS, the active carbon should be used as to absorbing the TETS and then be destroyed at high temperature.