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1.
Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R ; Bol. Asoc. Méd. P. R;95(4): 12-16, Jul.-Aug. 2003.
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-411130

RESUMEN

Xanthomas are deposits of lipids in the skin and sometimes of the subcutaneous tissue that are expressed clinically as yellowish papules and plaques, nodules, and tumors. They are often, but not always, a consequence of hyperlipidemia. In these cases, a meticulous work-up nearly always reveals some disturbance in regards to the metabolism of the lipids-lack of certain lipoproteins, for example. Xanthoma tuberosum and tendinosum occur in persons with familiar hypercholesterolemia, palmar crease xanthoma in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, plane xanthoma in persons with an underlying lymphoproliferative disorder (or normolipemic), and eruptive xanthoma in those with a genetically-transmitted lipoprotenemia. In sum, each type of xanthoma and any associated abnormality in lipid metabolism can be diagnosed with specificity. Xanthomas are deposits of lipid in the skin or subcutaneous tissue that manifest clinically as yellowish papules, nodules and tumors. They are often associated with hyperlipidemias, although some of them may be normolipemic. Xanthomas result when abnormalities in the transportation of lipids such as cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids cause these lipids to be deposited in the skin and being ingested by tissue macrophages. When they are deposited in the walls of arteries, they promote the development of atherosclerosis. Sometimes, by identifying the clinical variant of the xanthoma, the lipoprotein that is deposited and the clinical associations can be predicted. This discussion will focus on those xanthomas associated with hyperlipidemias


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Hiperlipidemias , Xantomatosis/etiología , Hiperlipidemias , Lipoproteínas/metabolismo , Xantomatosis/clasificación , Xantomatosis/diagnóstico
2.
P R Health Sci J ; 13(4): 247-9, 1994 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7899542

RESUMEN

This is a clinical study that attempts to determine the incidence and patterns of cutaneous lesions in 109 pediatric patients with leukemia. Non-specific lesions, namely, adverse reactions to chemotherapy, complications of immunosuppression, and hemorrhagic diathesis were seen in 88.7% of those patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia and in 88.9% of patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia cutis was seen in three patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, and in one patient with congenital leukemia. It seems that although skin complications are a frequent event in the course of childhood leukemia, leukemic infiltration of the skin a is rare event.


Asunto(s)
Leucemia/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Piel/epidemiología , Adolescente , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Incidencia , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Leucemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de la Piel/etiología
3.
P R Health Sci J ; 12(4): 287-9, 1993 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8140209

RESUMEN

Two separate studies were carried out to determine the dermatophytes responsible for tinea capitis in Puerto Rico. A retrospective study to determine those agents during the period between 1979 and 1989 revealed a total of 36 mycologically positive cases. The causative organisms consisted of the following species: M. canis, 14 cases (38.9%); T. mentagrophytes, 7 cases (19.4%); T. rubrum, 7 cases (19.4%); M. gypseum, 5 cases (13.9%); and T. tonsurans, T. verrucosum, unclassified Microsporum species, 1 case each (2.8% each). In a prospective study, fungal cultures were obtained from the scalps of 95 randomly selected children (45 males, 50 females) seen at the outpatient dermatology clinics of the Medical Sciences Campus of the University of Puerto Rico for a variety of skin problems but with no symptoms or signs of disease. One culture was positive for M. canis. All other cultures were negative. The significance of these findings is discussed as well as their relation to the incidence of T. tonsurans scalp infections in the Unites States.


Asunto(s)
Tiña del Cuero Cabelludo/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Puerto Rico/etnología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tiña del Cuero Cabelludo/etiología
4.
P R Health Sci J ; 12(3): 189-90, 1993 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8272485

RESUMEN

Thirteen diabetic and sixteen control patients with skin infections with dermatophytes and Candida albicans were evaluated for the response to treatment and the recurrence of the condition. Culture-proven infections of these organisms were treated with a topical antifungal cream (oxiconazole nitrate) for 30 days. There was no difference in response to treatment between the two groups. Nine diabetic and ten control patients were re-evaluated three months after finishing the treatment. Four of the nine diabetic patients (44%) and one of the ten control patients (10% had evidence of recurrence. Dermatophytic skin infections in diabetic patients seem to respond adequately to topical treatment, however, recurrences appear to be frequent.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Dermatomicosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Complicaciones de la Diabetes , Imidazoles/administración & dosificación , Administración Tópica , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Dermatomicosis/complicaciones , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia
5.
P R Health Sci J ; 11(1): 23-6, 1992 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1603931

RESUMEN

Exogenous ochronosis is a condition characterized by hyperpigmentation of the face secondary to the use of hydroquinone-containing bleaching creams. Histopathologically, it presents a collection of yellowish-brown (ochronotic) globules in the papillary dermis. Two cases of exogenous ochronosis are reported, followed by a review of the literature.


Asunto(s)
Hidroquinonas/efectos adversos , Ocronosis/inducido químicamente , Adulto , Cosméticos/efectos adversos , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ocronosis/patología , Piel/ultraestructura
6.
Bol Asoc Med P R ; 82(10): 450-3, 1990 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2080957

RESUMEN

Several reports have appeared in the literature suggesting that Vitamin D metabolites and analogues may be useful for the treatment of psoriasis. This is a report of an open study in which the efficacy of 1, Alpha-25-dihydroxyvitamin D (Calcitriol) is evaluated in cases of moderate to severe psoriasis. Study of ten cases showed moderate improvement in four when using calcitriol at a daily dose of 0.5 microgram for a period of three months. All Vitamin D metabolites were within normal limits during and after the trial. Further trials with calcitriol as an adjuvant therapy to topical steroids or photochemotherapy, as well as the development of topical Vitamin D analogues may be the future of this novel therapeutic alternative for psoriasis.


Asunto(s)
Calcitriol/uso terapéutico , Psoriasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Calcitriol/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
7.
Bol Asoc Med P R ; 82(10): 463-5, 1990 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2080961

RESUMEN

Pityriasis alba (PA) is a relatively common skin disorder usually seen in children and young adults characterized by the presence of superficial hypopigmented macules. A clinicopathologic study on pityriasis alba was undertaken which showed an increased occurrence of the disease in preadolescent children with an equal incidence in boys and girls, and a predominance of white over black patients. There was an increased personal history of atopy and the skin lesions were found to occur most frequently in the arms and face followed by the legs and the trunk. Histologic evaluation of biopsy specimens of PA showed consistent spongiosis, follicular spongiosis, focal parakeratosis and acanthosis in the epidermis together with a superficial perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate.


Asunto(s)
Pitiriasis/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pitiriasis/epidemiología , Puerto Rico/epidemiología
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