Determinants of the Attitude to COVID-19 Vaccine in Lima-Peru: Path Analysis and Structural Regression.

Introduction: Research on the effects of COVID-19 has shown that a favorable attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine would help reduce the pandemic's sequelae and avoid lethal variants. Objective: A theoretical model was tested through the strategy of path analysis and structural equation modeling, seeking to evaluate the direct effect of neuroticism and the indirect effects of risk-avoidance and rule-following behaviors, mediated by attitudes toward science. Methods: A total of 459 adults, mostly women (61%), mean age 28.51 (SD = 10.36), living in Lima (Peru), participated. The scales of neuroticism, risk avoidance behavior (RAB), norm following (NF), attitudes toward science, and attitudes toward vaccination were administered. Results: The path analysis explained 36% of the variance in vaccine attitude, whereas the latent structural regression model achieved a 54% explanation; according to this model attitude toward science (ß=.70, p < .01) and neuroticism (ß=-.16, p < .01) are significant predictors of vaccine attitude. Likewise, risk avoidance behavior and rule-following have indirect effects on attitudes toward vaccination. Conclusion: Low neuroticism and a positive attitude toward the science that mediates the effects of RAB and NF directly condition the possibility of vaccination against COVID-19 in the adult population.

Internal Structure and Invariance of a Brief Version of the Marijuana Motives Measure (MMM-P15) in a Peruvian Population of Marijuana users / Estructura Interna e Invarianza de una Versión Breve del Marijuana Motives Measure (MMM-P15) en Población Peruana de Consumidores de Marihuana

Antecedentes: La identificación de los motivos por los cuales se consume marihuana se ha visto apoyada por instrumentos como el MMM. A pesar de su importancia, aún no se cuenta con versiones breves válidas de este en países latinoamericanos. Este trabajo busca cubrir esta carencia aportando evidencia de validez y confiabilidad, así como la invarianza estructural del MMM. Método: La muestra comprende 1164 consumidores de marihuana, varones y mujeres, con edades entre 18 y 49 años, de Lima y Callao. Resultados: El análisis factorial halló una estructura pentafactorial. La versión breve (MMM-P15) y extensa (MMM) muestran favorables propiedades de estructura y consistencia interna (ꙍ> .88, H > .84) con adecuados índices de ajuste del instrumento corto (RMSEA = .058 [IC 90% .050, .067], SRMR = .044, GFI = .99, TLI = .99, CFI = .99). Asimismo, ambas versiones mantienen la invarianza según el sexo y se encontró evidencia de validez interna (AVE > .50) y con otros constructos (CAST y SWLS). Conclusiones: El MMM-P15 evidencia propiedades psicométricas que respaldan su uso tanto en hombres y mujeres consumidores de marihuana, además es un instrumento corto, versátil y útil para fines de investigación incluso en contextos clínicos.(AU9

Background: The identification of the reasons for marijuana use has been supported by instruments such as the MMM. Despite its importance, there are still no valid brief versions of this instrument in Latin American countries. This paper seeks to fill this gap by providing evidence of validity and reliability, as well as the structural invariance of the MMM. Method:The sample consisted of 1164 male and female marijuana users, aged between 18 and 49 years, from Lima and Callao. Results: The factor analysis found a pentafactorial structure. The brief version (MMM-P15) and the wide MMM showed favorable properties from structure and reliability (ꙍ> .88, H > .84) with appropriate indicators of the short instrument adjustment (RMSEA = .058 [CI 90% .050, .067], SRMR = .044,TLI = .99, CFI = .99). Likewise, both versions maintain the invariance of the instrument according to sex and evidence of internal validity was found (AVE > .50). Aside from bringing evidence of validity with other constructs like CAST and SWLS scale. Conclusions:The MMM-P15 shows psychometric properties that support its use in both male and female marijuana users, and it is a short, versatile, and useful instrument for research pur-poses even in clinical settings.(AU)

Pandemia COVID-19: actitudes-facilidades como mediador entre autocuidado y bienestar mental en internos de ciencias médicas

Objetivo Determinar en internos de ciencias de la salud si el autocuidado es un factor cuyo efecto directo sobre el bienestar mental es mediado por las actitudes y facilidades durante el internado, durante la segunda ola de pandemia COVID-19. Método Investigación transversal, correlacional multivariante. Participaron 174 internos en actividad asistencial, seleccionados con muestreo por conveniencia; se aplicaron tres escalas tipo autoinforme. Resultados Entre los internos de ciencias de la salud, ser mujer, tener familiar en casa contagiado de COVID-19 y presentar una percepción del estado de salud general desfavorable son factores de riesgo que incrementan la probabilidad de estado negativo de bienestar mental (1,9>OR<3,9); en tanto que el autocuidado junto a las actitudes y facilidades durante el internado se constituyen en factores protectores para contrarrestar la existencia de estado negativo de bienestar mental (OR<1; p<0,05). El modelo de regresión estructural evidencia que las variables autocuidado como las actitudes adoptadas y facilidades experimentadas por los estudiantes tienen efectos directos en el bienestar mental; asimismo, las actitudes y facilidades cumplen un rol de mediador entre autocuidado y bienestar mental (CFI=0,96; TLI=0,95; RMSEA y SRMR<0,08). El modelo en conjunto explica en 50,7% la variabilidad de bienestar mental. Conclusión El autocuidado es un factor cuyo efecto directo sobre el bienestar mental es mediado por las actitudes y facilidades en el internado durante la segunda ola de la pandemia COVID-19 en el año 2021.

Objective To determine in health sciences interns if self-care is a factor whose direct effect on mental wellness is mediated by attitudes and facilities during internship, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method Cross-sectional, multivariate correlational research. 174 interns participated during the COVID-19 pandemic, selected by convenience sampling; three self-report scales were applied. Results Among the health sciences interns, being a woman, having a family member at home infected with COVID-19, and having an unfavorable general health status perception are risk factors that are likely to have a negative state of mental wellness (1.9>OR<3.9); while self-care together with attitudes and facilities during the internship are protective factors to counteract the existence of a negative state of mental wellness (OR<1; p<0.05). The structural regression model shows that self-care variables such as attitudes adopted, and facilities experienced by students in the internship have direct effects on mental wellness; likewise, attitudes and facilities play a mediating role between self-care and mental wellness (CFI=0.96; TLI=0.95; RMSEA and SRMR<0.08). The model as a whole explains 50.7% of the variability of mental wellness. Conclusion Self-care is a factor whose direct effect on mental wellness is mediated by attitudes and facilities in internship during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021.

Presentación atípica de toxocariasis infantil: a propósito de un caso / Atypical presentation of infant toxocariasis: about a case

Resumen Se presenta el caso de una niña de 8 años, procedente de la Amazonia peruana, con una presentación atípica de una toxocariasis. El cuadro clínico, de un mes de evolución, fue caracterizado por dolor abdominal crónico, palidez y geofagia, asociado a una masa abdominal y linfoadenopatías generalizadas. No hubo sintomatología respiratoria, dérmica, ocular o neurológica. En el hemograma se encontró una anemia y eosinofilia periférica acentuada y una eosinofilia moderada en el aspirado medular. El diagnóstico fUe confirmado por serología por el método de enzimoinmunoanálisis (ELISA), que mostró la presencia de anticuerpos anti-Toxocara de tipo IgG e IgM. Se administró tratamiento con albendazol 400 mg al día, durante cinco días, con una evolución favorable.

Abstract We present the case of an 8-year-old girl with an atypical presentation of toxocariasis, from the Peruvian Amazon. A month ago, the clinical presentation was characterized by the presence of abdominal pain, paleness and geophagia, associated with an abdominal mass and generalized lymphadenopathy. There were no respiratory, dermal, ocular or neurological symptoms. Marked peripheral eosinophilia was found in the blood count, and moderate eosinophilia in the spinal cord aspírate. The diagnosis was confirmed by serology with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which showed the presence of IgG and IgM anti- Toxocara antibodies. Treatment with albendazole 400 mg once daily was administered for five days with favorable evolution.

[Atypical presentation of infant toxocariasis: About a case]. / Presentación atípica de toxocariasis infantil: A propósito de un caso.

We present the case of an 8-year-old girl with an atypical presentation of toxocariasis, from the Peruvian Amazon. A month ago, the clinical presentation was characterized by the presence of abdominal pain, paleness and geophagia, associated with an abdominal mass and generalized lymphadenopathy. There were no respiratory, dermal, ocular or neurological symptoms. Marked peripheral eosinophilia was found in the blood count, and moderate eosinophilia in the spinal cord aspírate. The diagnosis was confirmed by serology with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which showed the presence of IgG and IgM anti- Toxocara antibodies. Treatment with albendazole 400 mg once daily was administered for five days with favorable evolution.