RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cardiac arrest (CA) induced by electric shock is a rare occurrence, particularly in cases of prolonged CA. Currently, there is limited literature on similar incidents, and we present a relevant case report. CASE SUMMARY: A 27-year-old Asian male man, experiencing respiratory CA due to electric shock, was successfully restored to sinus rhythm after 50 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 8 electrical defibrillation sessions. In the subsequent stages, the patient received multiple organ function protection measures, leading to a successful recovery and eventual discharge from the hospital. CONCLUSION: Prolonging resuscitation time can enhance the chances of survival for patients, this study provide valuable insights into the management of electric shock-induced CA.
RESUMEN
Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer-related death in women. Antitumor T cell responses play critical therapeutic roles, including direct cytotoxicity mediated by CD8+ T cells and immunomodulatory roles mediated by CD4+ T cells. The IL-9-expressing Th9 cells are recently found to present antitumor immunity in melanoma and lung adenocarcinoma. In this study, we found that IL-9 expression in the serum and in circulating CD4+ T cells were significantly upregulated in breast cancer patients compared to healthy controls. The IL-9-expressing Th9 cells were enriched in the CCR4-CCR6-CXCR3- subset. Upon TCR stimulation, this subset also presented potent IL-10 and IL-21 expression in addition to IL-9 expression. CCR4-CCR6-CXCR3- CD4+ T cells also assisted in the killing of autologous tumor cells by CD8+ T cells, but did not initiate cytotoxicity by themselves. This enhancement in CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity was dependent on IL-9 as well as on IL-21. Interestingly, the tumor-infiltrating Th9 cells presented comparable IL-9, reduced IL-10, and elevated IL-21 expression compared with their counterparts in the peripheral blood. Together, these results demonstrated that IL-9-expressing Th9 cells were upregulated in breast cancer patients and potentially possessed antitumor roles by enhancing CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity.