RESUMEN
Extracting iron while minimizing the health and environmental risks associated with arsenic contamination necessitates the removal of arsenic from arsenic-bearing iron ores to ensure a safe and sustainable supply of this metal for industries. The beneficiation of iron minerals and arsenic-bearing minerals from arsenic-bearing iron ores with a calcification-magnetizing roasting and low-intensity magnetic separation (CMR-LMS) process is investigated in this work. The results show that the process is successful in extracting iron minerals and eliminating arsenic-containing minerals. The roasting involves two key steps: calcification and magnetizing, which change hematite and goethite into magnetite and arsenic-bearing minerals into calcium arsenates. The process's separation efficiency of the CMR-LMS is closely linked to the parameters such as roasting temperature, roasting time, coke, alkalinity, and the liberation of gangue minerals from iron minerals. Through grinding and secondary magnetic separation, the iron minerals and gangue components, as well as arsenic, in roasted sand can be further separated. The optimum procedure results in a high-grade iron concentrate with an iron assay of 65.65%, an Fe recovery rate of 80.07%, and an arsenic content of 0.085%, while achieving a 93.29% As removal rate from the original ore that has 45.32% Fe and 0.70% As.
RESUMEN
In this paper, formation of zinc sulfide species during roasting of ZnO with FeS2 was investigated and its contribution on flotation was illustrated. The evolution process, phase and crystal growth were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) along with thermodynamic calculation and scanning electron microscopy-Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), respectively, to interpret the formation mechanism of ZnS species. It was found that ZnS was initially generated at about 450 °C and then the reaction prevailed at about 600 °C. The generated FexS would dissolve into ZnS and then form (Zn, Fe)S compound in form of Fe2Zn3S5 when temperature increased to about 750 °C. This obviously accelerated ZnS phase formation and growth. In addition, it was known that increasing of ZnO dosage had few effects on the decomposition behavior of FeS2. Then, flotation tests of different zinc oxide materials before and after treatment were performed to further confirm that the flotation performances of the treated materials could be obviously improved. Finally, a scheme diagram was proposed to regular its application to mineral processing. It was systematically illustrated that different types of ZnS species needed to be synthetized when sulfidization roasting-flotation process was carried out to treat zinc oxide materials.
RESUMEN
Raw ilmenite concentrate containing Cr can be either as a resource or as one kind of the most hazardous solid waste. In order to recover titanium and chromium from the raw concentrate which was separated from the Promenade deposit, Gaza province, Mozambique, an innovative technology using modification of magnetic property followed by magnetic separation was proposed. Magnetic property, phase and surface morphology of the sample before and after oxidizing roasting were firstly characterized by magnetism, chemistry, XRD and MLA analyses to interpret the mechanism of oxidizing roasting of the ilmenite. Then, these factors such as oxidizing roasting temperature, residence time and magnetic induction affecting on magnetic separation performance were examined and the optimum process parameters were determined. A commercial concentrate containing 47.94% TiO2 and 0.23% Cr2O3 was obtained and the recovery of TiO2 and Cr2O3 was 78.52% and 5.42%, respectively. The tailing obtained was preliminarily concentrated by a high-intensity magnetic separator and a rough chromite concentrate was gained. In order to further purify the rough one, reducing roasting was carried out to transform the minerals containing hematite into the minerals containing magnetite, followed by a low-intensity magnetic separation. The effects of these parameters such as temperature, carbon powder dosage, holding time and magnetic induction on magnetic separation performance were investigated and the optimal conditions were determined. A concentrate containing 28.65% Cr2O3 was obtained and the total recovery of Cr2O3 was 84.18%.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In mammals, leptin is an attractive candidate for mediating the metabolic signal and the reproductive function via the specific receptor in hypothalamus. However, till now, the role of leptin on reproduction in birds is less well established. This experiment was conducted to elucidate the role of leptin on the onset of reproduction in bird, as a first step, to detect the changes of peripheral leptin and leptin receptor mRNA expression in hypothalamus between mature and immature hens at the same age. 120 ISA brown pullets at D60 were allocated randomly into two groups, long light (LL) group being raised under artificial light regimes with incrementally increased light phase (from 8 L:16D to 14 L:12D) and short light (SL) group raised on consistent light (8 L:16D) for 12 wk. RESULTS: The results showed that pullets in LL group reached sexual maturation 15 d earlier than those in SL group. Serum E2 showed a significant increase with age, but no difference was observed between two groups. Serum leptin concentration decreased significantly from D112 to D136 in LL, and was markedly higher in LL group than that in SL at D112, while there was no significant difference between two groups at D136. Leptin receptor and GnRH-I mRNA expression in hypothalamus were significantly increased with age, yet there was no significant difference between SL and LL chickens at the same age. The expression of FSH-ß and LH-ß mRNA in pituitary was increased with age but did not show significant difference between LL and SL group. GnRH-I mRNA expression was very rich in pineal gland, and decreased from D112 to D136 in LL but not in SL group, and there was no difference between two groups at the same age. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the earlier sexual maturation in hens induced by long-light regime is not accompanied with an increase in serum leptin or leptin receptor gene expression in hypothalamus, or genes expression in HPG axis.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To study the expression of MGMT and its relationship with efficacy of chemotherapy and prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: MGMT was detected in 128 NSCLC tissues and 10 normal pulmonary tissues by immunohistochemistry. According to the level of MGMT , 128 patients with NSCLC were divided into the group Mer- with negative MGMT expression and the group Mer+ with positive MGMT expression. RESULTS: MGMT positively expressed in 61 of 128 patients with NSCLC (47.66%), but none of normal group. No significant relationship was found among MGMT expression and TNM stages, lymph node metastasis and histological classification of the cancer. However, the mean survival periods and survival rates in group Mer- were significantly higher than those of group Mer+ (P < 0.01 , P < 0.05). In 45 evaluable patients, total response rates were 42.86% and 4.17% in Mer- and Mer+ patients respectively (P < 0.001); and there were remarkably longer mean survival periods and higher survival rates in Mer- patients than those in Mer+ patients (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Expression of MGMT may be helpful to predict efficacy of chemotherapy and prognosis in patients with NSCLC.