External assessment of medical education quality: indicative model development considering paradox of skill.

This study proposes an approach to the external evaluation of medical education programs' quality based on a combination of indicators, including international rankings, external stakeholders' input, and independent agencies' assessments. We modify the success equation with a detailed consideration of the skill component and its decomposition into internal and external quality assurance elements along with authority. We carried out a bibliometric analysis regarding the problem of medical education quality assessment in the context of achieving sustainable development goals. We described the calculation model of external quality assessment indicators through the algorithms of independent education quality assurance agencies' activity and rating indicators shown in the modified Mauboussin's equation. The model considers the economic component (the consequence of achievement) of skill, which is expressed in raising funds from external sources to implement educational and scientific activities. The proposed algorithm for assessing the educational program quality can be applied to benchmark educational program components, complete educational programs within the subject area, and the educational institution for different areas. We propose a "financial" model for educational program quality based on the analysis results. The model makes it possible to determine the need for additional focused funding of the educational program based on the individual analysis of the external evaluation criteria of the achievement level. This study analyzes the accreditation results of more than 110 educational programs in 2020 and 8 months of 2021 within the direction 22 "Medicine" (according to the national classification of fields of knowledge) (state and private Ukrainian medical universities).

Impact of COVID-19 on the national development of countries: Implications for the public health.

The article focuses on measuring the fluctuations in countries' development as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The obtained measures make it possible to predict the extent of the impact of risks to public health on the economy, financial-budgetary, political-institutional development of states in the future, as well as the social determinants of public health. This assessment represents a new paradigm that makes it possible to effectively evaluate the manifestations of the consequences of COVID-19 and to identify the relevant determinants of the lack of resilience of the medical and social security systems to the coronavirus pandemic around the world. We picked the determinant of national development indicators of the 59 countries in order to measure the fluctuations in their economic development. In addition, we applied the binary response model for identifying the economic, financial-budgetary, and political-institutional development change with the happiness index of the countries being the dependent variable. The analysis of our empirical model made it possible for us to conclude that economic and financial-budgetary components have significantly increased the influence on well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. In contrast, we observed the decrease in the impact of political and institutional indicators during the same period.

Public Health System Economic Efficiency and COVID-19 Resilience: Frontier DEA Analysis.

The article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments in the scholarly discussion about the problem of choosing a model of healthcare organization. The study's primary goal was to identify the economic efficiency of the public health system and resistance to COVID-19. The relevance of addressing this research issue is that the epidemiological challenges posed by the pandemic worldwide have manifested themselves differently in various countries. Therefore, it is advisable to consider the effectiveness of public healthcare models and how they have worked out in the fight against COVID-19. Research in the work was carried out in the following logical sequence: conducting scientometric analysis of research, creation of a statistical research base for 22 countries of the world; construction of integral indices of the economic efficiency of the health care system; calculation of public health system resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic; application of frontier DEA analysis to determine system efficiency; comparison and analysis of the results of research on the economic efficiency of public health systems obtained by different methods. The article presents the results of a comparison of the economic efficiency of the public health system, which showed that the system built according to the Beveridge principle is the most resistant to the pandemic and, at the same time, has the highest indices of economic efficiency.

BEHAVIORAL, SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND LEGAL DIMENSION OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM OF UKRAINE: DESCRIPTIVE, CANONICAL AND FACTOR ANALYSIS.

OBJECTIVE: The aim is to develop an integrated indicator that characterizes the degree of satisfaction of the population with medical services. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: integrated indicator was formed in terms of three stages for 24 regions of Ukraine and Kyiv. At the first stage, the expediency of using five influential groups of input indicators (behavioral, physical, economic, social and legal orientation) with a total of 59 features using descriptive modeling is substantiated. At the second stage, canonical correlation models were developed for the most correlated complex features, which form an indicator of the population satisfaction degree with the received medical services: physical condition features, social and behavioral orientation qualities. The third stage of factor modeling (using orthogonal transformation methods Varimax, Quartimax and Equimax) allowed identifying the five most influential factors for the formation of an integrated indicator and the development of econometric models for the healthcare state. RESULTS: Results: the necessity to improve the medical service quality and innovation in healthcare reform is confirmed since there were no regions where citizens were fully satisfied with the medical service level. The population of most Ukrainian regions (76% of regions), including Kyiv, is rather dissatisfied with the received medical services. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: the study results provide ample opportunities for healthcare workers, medical professionals, and public authorities to ensure quality and timely adjustment of existing rules and regulations within the Health Care Reform, improving the level of public satisfaction with the received medical services, and the immediate improvement of the nation's health.