RESUMEN
Nicotine e-cigarettes are a safe and effective way to help patients stop smoking.
Asunto(s)
Sistemas Electrónicos de Liberación de Nicotina , Cese del Hábito de Fumar , Humanos , Cese del Hábito de Fumar/métodos , Vapeo/efectos adversos , Dispositivos para Dejar de Fumar Tabaco , Fumar/efectos adversos , Fumar/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
In hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), a less aggressive supplemental insulin regimen is noninferior to a standard, more aggressive, supplemental regimen.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Insulina , Humanos , Insulina/uso terapéutico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Glucemia , Esquema de Medicación , Pacientes Internos , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , HospitalizaciónRESUMEN
While treatment with metformin or lifestyle modification reduces risk for T2D in patients with prediabetes, neither intervention ultimately offers a mortality benefit.
Asunto(s)
Metformina , Estado Prediabético , Humanos , Estado Prediabético/diagnóstico , Estado Prediabético/terapia , Terapia Conductista , Estilo de Vida , Metformina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
YES. Low-dose naltrexone is as effective as amitriptyline in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy and has a superior safety profile (strength of recommendation [SOR], B; single randomized controlled trial [RCT]). Low-dose naltrexone significantly reduced pain by 32% in inflammatory conditions and 44% in neuropathic conditions (SOR, B; single retrospective cohort study). Doses as low as 5.4 mg were found to reduce pain in 95% of patients with fibromyalgia (SOR, B; single prospective dose-response study).
Asunto(s)
Fibromialgia , Naltrexona , Humanos , Naltrexona/uso terapéutico , Manejo del Dolor , Amitriptilina , Fibromialgia/tratamiento farmacológico , DolorRESUMEN
NO. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) does not prevent cognitive decline in postmenopausal women-and in fact, it may slightly increase risk (strength of recommendation, A; systematic review, meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [RCTs], and individual RCT).
Asunto(s)
Disfunción Cognitiva , Posmenopausia , Femenino , Humanos , Disfunción Cognitiva/prevención & control , Terapia de Reemplazo de Hormonas , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
Yes, patients should do just that. In a randomized clinical trial, symptom duration was reduced when teens and young adults observed a certain screen-time hiatus.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos en Atletas , Conmoción Encefálica , Síndrome Posconmocional , Adulto Joven , Adolescente , Humanos , Síndrome Posconmocional/diagnóstico , Traumatismos en Atletas/diagnóstico , Factores de Tiempo , ElectrónicaRESUMEN
During the COVID-19 pandemic, providers and patients explored the use of telehealth on a wide and rapid scale. Reflecting on how prenatal providers and pregnant patients used telehealth during the pandemic and afterward, we review existing and new lessons learned from the pandemic. This article summarizes international and national guidelines on prenatal care, presents practice examples on how telehealth and remote patient monitoring were used during the COVID-19 pandemic, and offers lessons learned and suggestions for future care.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Telemedicina , Embarazo , Femenino , Humanos , Pandemias , Atención Prenatal , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
YES. Infants respond to behavioral interventions, although objective data are limited. Behavioral interventions include establishing regular daytime and sleep routines for the infant, reducing environmental noises or distractions, and allowing for self-soothing at bedtime (strength of recommendation: B, based on multiple randomized and nonrandomized studies).
Asunto(s)
Terapia Conductista , Sueño , Niño , Humanos , LactanteRESUMEN
Obtain greater accuracy in blood pressure measurement with an automated office device.
Asunto(s)
Automatización/estadística & datos numéricos , Determinación de la Presión Sanguínea/instrumentación , Determinación de la Presión Sanguínea/métodos , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/instrumentación , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/métodos , Hipertensión/diagnóstico , Esfigmomanometros/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
NO. Insulin glargine may lead to less patient-reported, symptomatic, and nocturnal hypoglycemia, although overall, there may not be a difference in the risk for severe hypoglycemia orhypoglycemiarelated emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, systematic review of randomized controlled trials [RCTs], individual RCTs, and observational study).