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Objective: To examine the associations of BMI and waist circumference (WC) with the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its subtypes in adults in China. Methods: The data from the China Kadoorie Biobank were used. After excluding those with cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, or CKD at baseline survey, 480 430 participants were included in this study. Their body height and weight, and WC were measured at baseline survey. Total CKD was defined as diabetic kidney disease (DKD), hypertensive nephropathy (HTN), glomerulonephritis (GN), chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (CTIN), obstructive nephropathy (ON), CKD due to other causes, and chronic kidney failure. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the associations between exposure factors and risks of outcomes. Results: During a follow-up period of (11.8±2.2) years, 5 486 cases of total CKD were identified, including 1 147 cases of DKD, 340 cases of HTN, 1 458 cases of GN, 460 cases of CTIN, 598 cases of ON, 418 cases of CKD due to other causes, and 1 065 cases of chronic kidney failure. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, lifestyle factors, baseline prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, and WC and compared to participants with normal BMI (18.5-23.9 kg/m2), the hazard ratios (HRs) of total CKD for underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), overweight (24.0-27.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥28.0 kg/m2) were 1.42 (95%CI: 1.23-1.63), 1.00 (95%CI: 0.93-1.08) and 0.98 (95%CI: 0.87-1.10), respectively. Stratification analysis by WC showed that BMI was negatively associated with risk for total CKD in non-central obese participants (WC: <85.0 cm in men and <80.0 cm in women) (HR=0.97, 95%CI: 0.96-0.99), while the association was positive in central obese participants (≥90.0 cm in men and ≥85.0 cm in women) (HR=1.03, 95%CI: 1.01-1.05). The association between BMI and GN was similar to that of total CKD. BMI was associated with an increased risk for HTN, with a HR of 1.12 (95%CI: 1.06-1.18) per 1.0 kg/m2 higher BMI. After adjusting for potential confounders and BMI, compared to participants with non-central obesity, the HRs for pre-central obesity (WC: 85.0-89.9 cm in men and 80.0-84.9 in women) and central obesity were 1.26 (95%CI: 1.16-1.36) and 1.32 (95%CI: 1.20-1.45), respectively. With the exception of HTN and CTIN, WC was positively associated with risks for all CKD subtypes. Conclusions: BMI-defined underweight and central obesity were independent risk factors for total CKD, and BMI and WC had different associations with risks for disease subtypes.
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Índice de Masa Corporal , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica , Circunferencia de la Cintura , Humanos , China/epidemiología , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/epidemiología , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/etiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto , Obesidad/epidemiología , Obesidad/complicaciones , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the association between sleep status and the risk for coronary heart disease in adults in Suzhou. Methods: Using the baseline and follow up information of 53 269 local residents aged 30-79 years in China Kadoorie Biobank conducted in Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 51 929 subjects were included in this study after excluding those reporting coronary heart disease, stroke and cancer at the baseline survey. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the association of healthy sleep score (0-3 points) and sleep factors (snoring, insomnia, long sleep duration and nap) with the risk for coronary heart disease. Results: The median follow-up time was 11.12 years, and 1 304 individuals were diagnosed with coronary heart disease during the follow-up. After adjusting for potential confounders, occasional snoring (HR=1.20, 95%CI: 1.04-1.38), usual snoring (HR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.02-1.33), insomnia disorder (HR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.12-1.78), daytime dysfunction (HR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.20-2.03) and perennial nap (HR=1.37, 95%CI: 1.19-1.59) were associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease. Compared with those with sleep score of 0 - 1 (low sleep quality), the people with sleep score of 3 had reduced risk of coronary heart disease by 26% (HR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.63-0.87). Stratified analysis showed that the association of healthy sleep score 3 with risk of coronary heart disease was stronger in low physically active individuals (interaction P<0.05). Conclusions: Snoring, insomnia disorders, daytime dysfunction, and perennial napping were all associated with increased risk for coronary heart disease, and keep healthy sleep mode might reduce the risk for coronary heart disease in adults.
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Enfermedad Coronaria , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño , Sueño , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Enfermedad Coronaria/etiología , Adulto , China/epidemiología , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/epidemiología , Anciano , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Ronquido/epidemiología , Masculino , FemeninoAsunto(s)
Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica , Mutación , Linaje , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/genética , Persona de Mediana Edad , AdultoRESUMEN
Objective: To describe the distribution of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels in non-arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) population in China and explore its influencing factors. Methods: This study was based on a nested case-control study in the CKB study measured plasma biomarkers. Lp(a) levels was measured using a polyclonal antibody-based turbidimetric assay certified by the reference laboratory and ≥75.0 nmol/L defined as high Lp(a). Multiple logistic regression model was used to examine the factors related to Lp(a) levels. Results: Among the 5 870 non-ASCVD population included in the analysis, Lp(a) levels showed a right-skewed distribution, with a M (Q1, Q3) of 17.5 (8.8, 43.5) nmol/L. The multiple logistic regression analysis found that female was associated with high Lp(a) (OR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.05-1.43). The risk of increased Lp(a) levels in subjects with abdominal obesity was significantly reduced (OR=0.68, 95%CI: 0.52-0.89). As TC, LDL-C, apolipoprotein A1(Apo A1), and apolipoprotein B(Apo B) levels increased, the risk of high Lp(a) increased, with OR (95%CI) for each elevated group was 2.40 (1.76-3.24), 2.68 (1.36-4.93), 1.29 (1.03-1.61), and 1.65 (1.27-2.13), respectively. The risk of high Lp(a) was reduced in the HDL-C lowering group with an OR (95%CI) of 0.76 (0.61-0.94). In contrast, an increase in TG levels and the ratio of Apo A1/Apo B(Apo A1/B) was negatively correlated with the risk of high Lp(a), with OR (95%CI) of 0.73 (0.60-0.89) for elevated triglyceride group, and OR (95%CI) of 0.60 (0.50-0.72) for the Apo A1/B ratio increase group (linear trend test P≤0.001 except for Apo A1). However, no correlation was found between Lp(a) levels and lifestyle factors such as diet, smoking, and physical activity. Conclusions: Lp(a) levels were associated with sex and abdominal obesity, but less with lifestyle behaviors.
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Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Lipoproteína(a) , Humanos , Lipoproteína(a)/sangre , China/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/sangre , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Masculino , Factores de Riesgo , Modelos Logísticos , Biomarcadores/sangre , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the morbidity of cerebrovascular disease among residents ≥30 years in Pengzhou, Sichuan Province, and analyze the effect of physical activity level on the risk of morbidity of cerebrovascular disease. Methods: From 2004 to 2008, people from Pengzhou, Sichuan Province were randomly selected. All the local people aged 30-79 were asked to receive a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and long-term follow-up to determine the morbidity of cerebrovascular disease. The physical activity level and the morbidity of cerebrovascular disease were described, and Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to evaluate the association of domain-specific physical activity with the risk of morbidity of cerebrovascular disease. Results: In 55 126 participants, there were 5 290 new cases of cerebrovascular disease, with a cumulative incidence of 9.60%. After the adjustment for multiple confounding factors, multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that increased levels of occupational, transportation, and total physical activity reduced the risk of cerebrovascular disease and its subtypes (cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction). The highest group of occupational physical activity level had the lowest risk of cerebrovascular disease, with a hazard ratio (HR) value of 0.81 (95%CI: 0.75-0.88), the highest group of transportation physical activity level had the lowest risk of cerebrovascular disease, with an HR value of 0.84 (95%CI: 0.78-0.91), the highest group of total physical activity level had the lowest risk of cerebrovascular disease, with an HR value of 0.87 (95%CI: 0.80-0.94), compared with the lowest group of corresponding physical activity. No association was found between the household/leisure-time physical activity level and the risk of cerebrovascular disease and its subtypes (cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction). Conclusions: In project areas of Pengzhou, Sichuan Province, increased physical activity has been associated with reduced morbidity of cerebrovascular disease and its subtypes (cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction). Increased levels of physical activity in adults are encouraged for health benefits.
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Trastornos Cerebrovasculares , Ejercicio Físico , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Humanos , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Adulto , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Incidencia , Masculino , Femenino , MorbilidadRESUMEN
In recent 30 years, the global burden of cancer has become more serious, and one of social problem is population aging, plus declining birth rate, declining marriage rate and increasing divorce rate. Marriage is one of the most intimate and long-term social relations, and previous research had piecemeal reports of its impact on cancer morbidity and mortality without systematic review of evidence in high-quality population based epidemiological research. This paper summarizes the progress in research of the relationship between marital status and cancer to provide reference for future research and cancer prevention and control.
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Estado Civil , Neoplasias , Humanos , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Matrimonio , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Objective: To explore the relationship between BMI and levels of plasma amino acids and acylcarnitines in Chinese adults. Methods: Based on 2 182 individuals with targeted mass spectrometry metabolomic measurements from the first resurvey of the China Kadoorie Biobank, we assessed the linear and nonlinear associations between BMI and plasma levels of 20 amino acids and 40 acylcarnitines using linear regression models and restricted cubic spline models, and identified BMI-related metabolic pathways. We conducted one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) with BMI genetic risk scores as the instrumental variable further to explore the potential causal relationships between BMI and 20 amino acids and 40 acylcarnitines, and tested for horizontal pleiotropy using the MR-Egger method. Results: Observational analyses found that BMI was associated with increased plasma levels of 3 branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, and valine), 2 aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine), 3 other amino acids (cysteine, glutamate, lysine), and 7 acylcarnitines (C3, C4, C5, C10, C10:1, C14, and C16), and with decreased circulating levels of asparagine, serine, and glycine. Pathway analysis identified 7 BMI-related amino acids metabolic pathways (false discovery rate corrected all P<0.05), including branched-chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, etc. BMI showed a nonlinear relationship with leucine, valine, and threonine, and a linear relationship with other amino acids and acylcarnitines. One-sample MR analyses revealed that BMI was associated with elevated levels of tyrosine and 4 acylcarnitines [C5-DC(C6-OH), C5-M-DC, C12-DC, and C14], with tyrosine and acylcarnitine C14 positively correlated with BMI in both observational [the ß values (95%CIs) were 0.057 (0.044-0.070) and 0.018 (0.005-0.032), respectively] and One-sample MR analyses [the ß values (95%CIs) were 0.102 (0.035-0.169) and 0.104 (0.036-0.173), respectively]. The MR analyses of the current study satisfied the 3 core assumptions of instrumental variable. Conclusions: BMI was associated with circulating 11 amino acids and 7 acylcarnitines in Chinese adults, involving several pathways such as branched-chain amino acid and aromatic amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and oxidative stress. There may be a causal relationship between BMI and tyrosine and acylcarnitine C14.
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Aminoácidos , Índice de Masa Corporal , Carnitina , Análisis de la Aleatorización Mendeliana , Adulto , Humanos , Aminoácidos/sangre , Aminoácidos de Cadena Ramificada/sangre , Carnitina/análogos & derivados , Carnitina/sangre , China , Pueblos del Este de AsiaRESUMEN
Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is an infectious disease that most often affects the lungs. China is still among the high-burden tuberculosis countries in the world. Although the estimated incidence of tuberculosis in China has declined in recent years, the declining rate is slow. It still faces major issues such as a slower rate of decline, a widening gap between estimated and notified incidence, higher risk among middle-aged and older adults, a high number of cases among agriculture and related workers, and a heavier disease burden in the country's western regions. In addition, latent tuberculosis infection, drug-resistant tuberculosis, tuberculosis coinfection with HIV, and extrapulmonary tuberculosis have also exacerbated the disease burden of tuberculosis to some extent. This paper reviewed the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis, the epidemiological triad, three links and two factors in the transmission process, the disease burden, and other aspects to provide a reference for formulating prevention and control strategies on tuberculosis.
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Tuberculosis , Humanos , China/epidemiología , Tuberculosis/epidemiología , Incidencia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Costo de Enfermedad , Tuberculosis Resistente a Múltiples Medicamentos/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/complicacionesRESUMEN
Objective: To research the association between exposure to solid fuels for heating and its duration and the risk of respiratory diseases morbidity. Methods: Data from the China Kadoorie Biobank project sited in Pengzhou City, Sichuan Province. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the association between exposure to solid fuels for heating and its duration and the risk of total respiratory diseases and the association between exposure to solid fuels for heating and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pneumonia among respiratory diseases. Results: A total of 46 082 participants aged 30-79 years were enrolled, with 11 634 (25.25%) heating during the winter, of whom 8 885 (19.28%) used clean fuels and 2 749 (5.97%) used solid fuels, of whom 34 448 (74.75%) did not heat. After controlling for multiple confounding factors, Cox proportional hazard regression model was used, which revealed that compared with clean fuels, unheating could reduce the risk of total respiratory disease (HR=0.81,95%CI:0.77-0.86), COPD (HR=0.86,95%CI:0.78-0.95) and pneumonia (HR=0.80,95%CI:0.74-0.86), respectively. Exposure to solid fuels increased the risk of total respiratory disease (HR=1.10, 95%CI:1.01-1.20) and were not associated with COPD and pneumonia. Compared with no solid fuel exposure, the risk of total respiratory disease (1-19 years:HR=1.23, 95%CI:1.10-1.37; 20-39 years:HR=1.25, 95%CI:1.16-1.35; ≥40 years:HR=1.26, 95%CI:1.15-1.39) and COPD (1-19 years: HR=1.21, 95%CI:1.03-1.42; 20-39 years: HR=1.30, 95%CI:1.16-1.46; ≥40 years:HR=1.35, 95%CI:1.18-1.54) increased with the length of exposure of solid fuels (trend test P<0.001). Solid fuels exposure for 1-19 years and 20-39 years increased the risk of COPD by 23% (HR=1.23,95%CI:1.02-1.49) and 16% (HR=1.16, 95%CI:1.00-1.35). Conclusion: Heating solid fuels exposure increases the risk of total respiratory disease, COPD, and pneumonia.
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Calefacción , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios Prospectivos , China/epidemiología , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Masculino , Contaminación del Aire Interior/efectos adversos , Femenino , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Enfermedades Respiratorias/epidemiología , Enfermedades Respiratorias/etiología , Neumonía/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the effect of the ratio of the maximum diameter of aneurysm sac to age (R) on the long-term efficacy of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and open surgical repair (OSR) in patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (IAAA). Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study.The clinical data of 317 patients with IAAA who underwent surgical repair in the Department of Vascular Surgery,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2016 to October 2022 were retrospectively collected.There were 266 males and 51 females,aged (69.7±8.3) years (range:37 to 87 years).The R value of the patient was calculated and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was used to establish a model to calculate the optimal cut-off value.The propensity score matching method was used to match the baseline data of patients in the EVAR and OSR group by 3â¶1 (the caliper value was 0.05),and the patients were stratified according to the cutoff value of R, and the postoperative efficacy and survival of the patients were analyzed.The primary endpoint was the total mortality rate,and the secondary endpoints included the occurrence of postoperative complications and reintervention.Pearson χ2 or Fisher 's exact test was used for categorical variables, and independent sample t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for continuous variables to compare differences between groups.The survival curves of the two groups were described by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: After propensity score matching,198 cases were in the EVAR group and 66 cases were in the OSR group.The ROC model showed that the best cut-off value of R value was 0.90,and the two groups were divided into two layers:R<0.90 and R≥0.90.Among them,112 patients with R<0.90 (84 cases of EVAR,28 cases of OSR);there were 152 patients with R≥0.90 (114 cases of EVAR and 38 cases of OSR).The follow-up time was (23.6±1.6) months (range:1 to 70 months).In the R≥0.90 stratification,the total mortality (26.3% vs.5.3%,χ2=7.600ï¼P=0.006),complication rate (44.7% vs.26.3%, χ2=4.025ï¼P=0.045), and secondary intervention rate (31.6% vs.13.2%, χ2=4.910ï¼P=0.027) in the EVAR group were higher than those in the OSR group.In the R<0.90 stratification,there was no significant difference in the total mortality rate (13.1% vs.10.7%, χ2=0.109ï¼P=0.741), complication rate (28.6% vs.35.7%, χ2=0.507ï¼P=0.477) and secondary intervention rate (14.3% vs.21.4%, χ2=0.353ï¼P=0.552) between the two groups. Conclusions: When R≥0.90 in IAAA patients,OSR maybe more beneficial to patients in terms of survival rate,postoperative complication rate and secondary intervention rate than EVAR.When R<0.90,there are no significant differences in survival rate,complication rate and secondary intervention rate between the two surgical methods.
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Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Humanos , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anciano , Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/métodos , Factores de Edad , Puntaje de Propensión , Complicaciones PosoperatoriasRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the prospective association of sleep duration with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults in Suzhou. Methods: The study used the data of 53 269 participants aged 30-79 years recruited in the baseline survey from 2004 to 2008 and the follow-up until December 31, 2017 of China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) conducted in Wuzhong District, Suzhou. After excluding participants with airflow limitation, self-reported chronic bronchitis/emphysema/coronary heart disease history at the baseline survey and abnormal or incomplete data, a total of 45 336 participants were included in the final analysis. The association between daily sleep duration and the risk for developing COPD was analyzed by using a Cox proportional hazard regression model, and the hazard ratio (HR) values and their 95%CI were calculated. The analysis was stratified by age, gender and lifestyle factors, and cross-analysis was conducted according to smoking status and daily sleep duration. Results: The median follow-up time was 11.12 years, with a total of 515 COPD diagnoses in the follow-up. After adjusting for potential confounders, multifactorial Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that daily sleep duration ≥10 hours was associated with higher risk for developing COPD (HR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.03-1.97). The cross analysis showed that excessive daily sleep duration increased the risk for COPD in smokers (HR=2.49, 95%CI: 1.35-4.59, interaction P<0.001). Conclusion: Longer daily sleep duration (≥10 hours) might increase the risk for COPD in adults in Suzhou, especially in smokers.
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Isquemia Miocárdica , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica , Adulto , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Duración del Sueño , Factores de Riesgo , Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica/diagnóstico , SueñoRESUMEN
Objective: To explore the prospective associations between physical activity and incident ischemic stroke in adults. Methods: Data of China Kadoorie Biobank study in Tongxiang of Zhejiang were used. After excluding participants with cancers, strokes, heart diseases and diabetes at baseline study, a total of 53 916 participants aged 30-79 years were included in the final analysis. The participants were divided into 5 groups according to the quintiles of their physical activity level. Cox proportional hazard regression models was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) for the analysis on the association between baseline physical activity level and risk for ischemic stroke. Results: The total physical activity level in the participants was (30.63±15.25) metabolic equivalent (MET)-h/d, and it was higher in men [(31.04±15.48) MET-h/d] than that in women [(30.33±15.07) MET-h/d] (P<0.001). In 595 526 person-years of the follow-up (average 11.4 years), a total of 1 138 men and 1 082 women were newly diagnosed with ischemic stroke. Compared to participants with the lowest physical activity level (<16.17 MET-h/d), after adjusting for socio-demographic factors, lifestyle, BMI, waist circumference, and SBP, the HRs for the risk for ischemic stroke in those with moderate low physical activity level (16.17-24.94 MET-h/d), moderate physical activity level (24.95-35.63 MET-h/d), moderate high physical activity level (35.64-43.86 MET-h/d) and the highest physical activity level (≥43.87 MET-h/d) were 0.93 (95%CI: 0.83-1.04), 0.87 (95%CI: 0.76-0.98), 0.82 (95%CI: 0.71-0.95) and 0.76 (95%CI: 0.64-0.89), respectively. Conclusion: Improving physical activity level has an effect on reducing the risk for ischemic stroke.
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Diabetes Mellitus , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Adulto , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Estudios Prospectivos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología , Ejercicio Físico , China/epidemiología , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Objective: To analyze the association between waist circumference (WC) and ischemic stroke (IS). Methods: The data for the present study were from the prospective cohort study of China Kadoorie Biobank in Qingdao. Using baseline information and IS events of the participants, the Cox proportional hazard regression model and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to analyze the association between WC and IS. Results: A total of 33 355 participants were included in the study, with 302 008.88 person-years of follow-up. A total of 1 093 new cases of IS were observed. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that compared to the respondents with normal WC (male <85.0 cm, female <80.0 cm), respondents with excessive WC (male ≥85.0 cm, female ≥80.0 cm) had a 78% higher risk of IS incidence [hazard ratio(HR)=1.78, 95%CI: 1.51-2.10], and the risk increased by 72% (HR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.40-2.12) and 83% (HR=1.83, 95%CI: 1.40-2.39) in men and women. According to the RCS, the increase in WC and the risk of IS showed an "S" trend of nonlinear dose-response relationship. Conclusions: The risk of IS would increase with the WC. Keeping a normal WC is important for preventing IS.
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Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Prospectivos , Circunferencia de la Cintura , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Masa Corporal , China/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To compare the differences in low-level physical activity (PA) and related influencing factors in patients with diabetes mellitus in China and the United Kingdom (UK). Methods: Using baseline survey data from the China Kadoorie Biobank and the UK Biobank, we analyzed the association between diabetes mellitus and low-level PA using logistic regression, with the participants' self-reported whether they had diabetes mellitus as the independent variable, and low-level PA as the dependent variable. Results: We included 509 254 Chinese adults and 359 763 British adults in the analysis. After adjusting for multiple factors, we found that both Chinese and British patients with diabetes mellitus were at elevated risk for low-level PA, with corresponding ORs (95%CIs) of 1.15 (1.12-1.19) and 1.37 (1.32-1.41), respectively. Patients with diabetes mellitus with longer disease duration and poorer glycemic control were at greater risk of having low-level of PA. Female, rural-distributed, employed, never-smoking Chinese diabetics, and male, urban-distributed, retired/unemployed, quit-smoking British diabetics were more likely to have low-level PA. Conclusions: Chinese and British patients with diabetes mellitus were more likely to have low-level PA compared with the general population, but the risk of low-level PA for patients in both countries varied by population characteristics. Therefore, PA guidelines and intervention measures should be based on the characteristics of individuals in the target countries and regions, which could improve PA levels among patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Diabetes Mellitus , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Fumar/epidemiología , Fumar Tabaco , China/epidemiología , Ejercicio FísicoRESUMEN
The use of lung ultrasound in the screening, diagnosis, and evaluation of interstitial lung disease has been relatively well studied, but has not been widely accepted and applied in clinical practice. There are also some differences in the examination methods applied in these studies. This paper summarized the application, advantages, and disadvantages of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis and follow-up of interstitial lung disease by comprehensively reviewing the examination methods, research results and progress of new technologies of lung ultrasound in interstitial lung disease.
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Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/diagnóstico por imagen , Pulmón/diagnóstico por imagen , Ultrasonografía/métodos , TóraxRESUMEN
After COVID-19 pandemic, there are still many public health challenges in the world. The double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases is still heavy in many countries. Mental health and injury are crucial public health problems which are often neglected. Environmental health and food and drug safety are closely related to human health, to which further management and intervention are needed. These problems have different impacts on people at different life stages, resulting in health problems throughout the life course. The current status of public health is far from the requirements set by the Sustainable Development Goals of United Nations or the initiative of "Healthy China 2030". It is necessary for governments and related departments of all countries to consider public health in all policy development to tackle the major challenge to public health.
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Pandemias , Salud Pública , Humanos , Pandemias/prevención & control , Naciones Unidas , Salud Ambiental , Estado de SaludRESUMEN
Objective: To describe the population and area distribution differences in the prevalence of urinary incontinence in middle-aged and elderly adults in 10 areas in China. Methods: A total of 24 913 participants aged 45-95 years who completed the third resurvey of China Kadoorie Biobank during 2020-2021 were included. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was assessed by an interviewer-administered questionnaire, and urinary incontinence was classified as only stress urinary incontinence, only urgency urinary incontinence and mixed urinary incontinence. The prevalence of urinary incontinence and its subtypes were reported by sex, age and area, and the severity of urinary incontinence and treatment were described. Results: The average age of the participants was (65.4±9.1) years. According to the seventh national census data in 2020, the age-standardized prevalence rates of urinary incontinence was 25.4% in women and 7.0% in men. The age-standardized prevalence rates of only stress, only urgency and mixed incontinence were 1.7%, 4.2% and 1.2% in men and 13.5%, 5.8% and 6.1% in women, respectively. The prevalence rates of urinary incontinence and all subtypes in men and the prevalence of urinary incontinence and all subtypes except only stress urinary incontinence in women all increased with age (P<0.001). After adjusting for age, the prevalence of urinary incontinence in both men and women were higher in rural area than in urban area (P<0.001). The treatment rates in men and women with urinary incontinence were 15.4% and 8.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The prevalence of urinary incontinence was high in middle-aged and elderly adults in China, and the prevalence rate was higher in women than in men, but the treatment rate of urinary incontinence was low.
Asunto(s)
Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo , Incontinencia Urinaria , Anciano , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Incontinencia Urinaria/epidemiología , Incontinencia Urinaria de Urgencia/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , China/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Due to the limited reliability of traditional self-completed questionnaire, the accuracy of measurement of physical behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep) is not high. With the development of technology, wearable devices (e.g. accelerometer) can be used for more accurate measurement of physical behaviors and have great application potential in large-scale research. However, the data of objective measurement of physical behaviors from large-scale cohort research in Asian populations is still limited. Between August 2020 and December 2021, the 3rd resurvey of China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) project used Axivity AX3 wrist triaxial accelerometer to collect the data of participants' daily activity and sleep status. A total of 20 370 participants from 10 study areas were included in the study, in whom 65.2% were women, and the age was (65.4±9.1) years. The participants' physical activity level varied greatly in different study areas. The objective measurement of participants' physical behaviors in CKB project has provided valuable resources for the description of 24-hour patterns of physical behaviors and evaluation of the health effect of physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep as well as their association with diseases in the elderly in China.
Asunto(s)
Acelerometría , Ejercicio Físico , Humanos , Femenino , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , SueñoRESUMEN
Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics of intakes of different types of preserved vegetables in participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB). Methods: The CKB project conducted baseline survey, the first resurvey, and the second resurvey during 2004-2008, 2008, and 2013-2014, respectively. According to the average intake levels of salted and sour pickled vegetables in the second resurvey, the 10 survey areas were classified as the area where people mainly consumed salted vegetables, the area where people mainly consumed sour pickled vegetables, and the area where people rarely consumed preserved vegetables. For the first two areas, logistic regression model was used to describe the temporal trends and population distribution of preserved vegetable intake and analyze the distribution of other dietary factors. Results: The area where people mainly consumed salted vegetables included Qingdao, Harbin, Suzhou, and Zhejiang (baseline participant number: 204 036), while the area where people mainly consumed sour pickled vegetables included Gansu and Sichuan (baseline participant number: 105 573). In the area where people mainly consumed salted vegetables, the average intake frequencies of preserved vegetables was 3.1, 3.3, and 1.8 days/week in the baseline survey, the first resurvey, and the second resurvey, respectively, showing a declining trend (P<0.001). Similarly, the average intake frequencies of preserved vegetables were 2.8, 2.7, and 1.6 days/week in the baseline survey, the first resurvey and the second resurvey in the area where people mainly consumed sour pickled vegetables (P<0.001). At baseline survey, the married and those had lower education level tended to have more preserved vegetable intakes in both areas (P<0.001). In the area where people mainly consumed salted vegetables, the elderly had higher frequency of preserved vegetable intake (P<0.001), which was converse in the area where people mainly consumed sour pickled vegetables. In the participants with higher frequency of preserved vegetable intake, more people consumed spicy food daily and preferred salty food (P<0.05). Conclusions: The area and population specific differences in the type and frequency of preserved vegetable intake were observed in adults in the CKB project in China. Besides, the average level of preserved vegetable intake showed a declining trend. Preserved vegetable intake might be associated with other dietary habits.