RESUMEN
In northeast Argentina, different Amerindian communities share territory and history with settlers, mainly Europeans. Due to miscegenation, the current Argentinean population has a particular structure that can be described through X chromosome variation. The objectives of this study were to describe the variation of 10 X-chromosome short tandem repeats (X-STRs) in urban populations of the Argentinean regions known as Gran Chaco and Mesopotamia, report the forensic parameters of these STRs, and estimate the European and indigenous genetic components in these regions. Population and forensic parameters were estimated for 419 individuals from the analyzed populations, including two indigenous groups, Wichí and Mocoví, previously reported. Population structure was estimated through FST and RST distances and analysis of molecular variance. The indigenous American and European components were assessed with STRUCTURE. X-STRs showed a high level of genetic variability in urban and indigenous populations. Indigenous people of the Gran Chaco region showed significant differentiation from the urban samples (FST = 5.5%) and among themselves (FST = 5.3%). Genetic differentiation among urban groups was almost negligible, except that the population from Misión Nueva Pompeya differed from the rest of the city populations. Forensic parameters indicate that these X-STRs are useful as a complement to paternity tests. The set of 10 STRs could be a good tool for examining population differences.
Asunto(s)
Cromosomas Humanos X/genética , Variación Genética/genética , Genética de Población , Indígenas Sudamericanos/genética , Repeticiones de Microsatélite/genética , Argentina/epidemiología , Genética Forense , Frecuencia de los Genes , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , Humanos , Masculino , Población UrbanaRESUMEN
Se ha estudiado la prevalencia de 25 rasgos dentales en un grupo de cráneos adultos prehispánicos conservados en el Museo de La Plata (Argentina). Se han analizando ambas arcadas y la totalidad de las piezas dentales de la dentición permanente excepto los terceros molares. El principal objetivo de este estudio es establecer el patrón morfológico dental según las frecuencias absolutas y relativas de los rasgos que caracterizan a la dentición de la serie araucanos. Se puede concluir, por las frecuencias de los rasgos analizados, que la muestra presenta similitudes con las poblaciones mongoloides sinodontes y se aleja de las poblaciones europeas y africanas.
The prevalence of 25 dental traits in a simple of pre-hispanic mature skulls belonging to Museo de La Plata (Agentina) were analyzed. Both arches, upper and lower, and all of the permanent dentition with the exception of the third molars were studied. The main objective of this study was to establish the morphological dental pattern according to absolute and relative frequency of the traits that characterize the dentitions of araucanos. It can be concluded, from the frecuency of the traits analyzed, that the sample presents similarities with momgoloid synodonts and it moves away from the European and African populations.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Cráneo/anatomía & histología , Dentición Permanente , Diente/anatomía & histología , Argentina , Indígenas Sudamericanos , PaleodontologíaRESUMEN
Se estudió la prevalencia de 25 rasgos dentales en un grupo de cráneos adultos prehispánicos, conservados en el Museo de La Plata (Argentina). Fueron analizadas ambas arcadas y la totalidad de las piezas dentales de la dentición permanente excepto los terceros molares. El principal objetivo de este estudio es establecer el patrón morfológico dental, según las frecuencias absolutas y relativas de los rasgos que caracterizan a la dentición de la serie Araucanos. Se puede concluir, por las frecuencias presentadas en los rasgos analizados, que la muestra presenta similitudes con las poblaciones mongoloides sinodontes y se aleja de las poblaciones europeas y africanas.
Presence of 25 dental traits in a sample of pre-conquest mature skulls kept in Museo de La Plata (Argentina) has been analyzed. Both arches upper and lower and all permanent dental pieces has been registred, except third molars. This study establish dental morphology patterns from a statistical point of view. We conluded that statistical frequences show high similarity with populations associated to mongoloid dental complex and move away of European and African populations.
