Novel in-genome based analysis demonstrates the evolution of OmpK37, antimicrobial resistance gene from a potentially pathogenic pandrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae MS1 isolated from healthy broiler feces.

Antimicrobial resistance transmission from farm animals to humans is a critical health concern and hence a detailed molecular surveillance is essential for tracking the spread and consequent evolution of antimicrobial resistance. In this study, a pan-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae MS1 strain was isolated from a healthy broiler farm and studied. From the results of the study, MS1 was found to be is resistant to 18 tested antibiotics and has a high-risk to be pathogenic to humans with a probability of 0.80. The whole genome sequencing data of MS1 was used to predict the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes and pathogenicity. The genome analysis has revealed MS1 to have 34 AMR genes. Out of these, the AMR gene OmpK37 codes for an important protein involved in cell permeability and hence in antibiotic resistance. Further analysis was carried out by using an in-genome analysis method to understand the evolution of OmpK37 and the underlying reason for the emergence of resistance. From the detailed analysis, the current study could demonstrate for the first time the evolution of OmpK37 from OmpC. Though structurally OmpK37 was very similar to other porins present in MS1, it was found to have higher mutability as a distinguishing feature which makes it an important protein in monitoring the evolving resistances in microorganisms.