A Novel Device for the Evaluation of In Vitro Bacterial Colonization in Membranes for Guided Tissue and Bone Regeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate, in vitro, the efficiency of a novel apparatus to test the adherence and penetration of bacteria on different membranes for guided regeneration. Methodology: To create the 3D device, Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems were used. Three types of biomaterials were tested (n = 6): (DT) a collagen membrane; (DS) a polymer membrane; and (LP) a dense polytetrafluoroethylene barrier. The biomaterials were adapted to the apparatuses and challenged with two different monospecies bacterial culture of A. actinomycetemcomitans b and S. mutans. After 2 h, bacterial adherence and penetration were quantified by counting the number of colony-forming units (CFUs). Two specimens from each group were used for image analysis using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. Statistical analysis was performed. Findings: The DS group had a higher adherence of S. mutans compared to A. actinomycetemcomitans b (p = 0.05). There was less adherence of A. actinomycetemcomitans b in the DS group, compared to the LP (p = 0.011) and DT (p < 0.001) groups. Only the membranes allowed penetration, which was blocked by barriers. The DT group allowed a greater penetration of S. mutans to occur compared to A. actinomycetemcomitans b (p = 0.009), which showed a higher penetration into the DS membranes compared to S. mutans (p = 0.016). The penetration of A. actinomycetemcomitans b through DS was higher compared to its penetration through DT and LP (p < 0.01 for both). DT and DS allowed a greater penetration of S. mutans to occur compared to LP, which prevented both bacterial species from penetrating. Conclusion: The apparatus allowed for the settlement and complete sealing of the biomaterials, enabling standardization.

Efficacy of alveolar ridge preservation with xenografts and resorbable socket sealing materials in the esthetic region: A systematic review with meta-analyses.

AIM: The present systematic review aimed to identify and summarize the clinical, radiographic, and histological outcomes of alveolar ridge preservation using bone xenografts and absorbable sealing materials compared with spontaneous healing in the esthetic zone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) fulfilling specific eligibility criteria were included. Two review authors independently searched for eligible studies, extracted data from the published reports and performed the risk of bias assessment (RoB 2 tool). Study results were summarized using random effects meta-analyses. RESULTS: Thirteen articles concerning 10 RCTs were included, involving a total of 357 participants. Most of studies were considered as "low" risk of bias. Meta-analyses indicated less horizontal (difference in means-MD = 1.88 mm; p < 0.001), vertical mid-buccal (MD = 1.84 mm; p < 0.001) and vertical mid-lingual (MD = 2.27 mm; p < 0.001) bone resorption in alveolar ridge preservation compared to spontaneous healing as assessed clinically. Bone changes assessed radiographically showed consistent results in terms of horizontal (at 1 mm: MD = 1.84 mm, p < 0.001), vertical mid-buccal (MD = 0.95 mm; p < 0.001) and mid-lingual (MD = 0.62 mm; p = 0.05) resorption. Part of the bone resorption in the spontaneous healing group was compensated by soft-tissues, since the observed differences between groups in linear ridge reduction evaluated through cast models superimposition were smaller (MD = 0.52 mm; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Alveolar ridge preservation with xenogeneic bone substitutes and non-autogenous resorbable socket sealing materials is efficacious in reducing post-extraction bone and ridge changes in the esthetic region.

Bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited articles on bone grafting in dentistry.

AIM: This bibliometric study analyzed the characteristics of the 100 most cited articles on bone grafts in dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A database search was performed on the Web of Science Core Collection using a specific search strategy. Scopus and Google Scholar were also consulted for citation comparisons. Data extracted included: title, citation metrics, publication year, journal, study design, graft material, surgical technique, authors, institution, and country. Bibliometric networks were generated using VOSviewer. RESULTS: The identified articles were published between 1991 and 2019. Citation counts ranged from 120 to 1161 (mean: 240, 30). Clinical Oral Implants Research was the most cited journal (5175 citations; 25/100). Xenogeneic bone graft material was the most frequently used (5130 citations; 22/100). Europe had 62 articles (14,604 citations), and the United States was the most prominent country (5209 citations; 22/100). The University of Bern had the highest number of citations (2565 citations; 13/100), with Buser D as the author with the largest number of articles (2648 citations; 12/100). CONCLUSION: This study shows the scientific progress on bone grafts in dentistry. The use of xenogeneic grafts for horizontal and/or vertical ridge augmentation was the most prominent trend.

Functionalization of a Volume-Stable Collagen Matrix Using Liquid Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Case Report Presenting a New Approach for Root Coverage.

This case report presents a novel approach for root coverage of multiple gingival recessions with a volume-stable collagen matrix functionalized with injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF). A patient with multiple gingival recessions in the anterior maxilla was submitted to root coverage by coronally advanced flap with split-full-split incisions. Blood collection was performed before surgery and i-PRF was obtained after centrifugation (relative centrifugal force (RCF) 400 g, 2700 rpm, 3 minutes). A volume-stable collagen matrix was soaked with i-PRF and applied as a substitute for autogenous connective tissue graft. A mean root coverage of 83% was observed after a 12-month follow-up period, and only slight modifications were detected in a 30-month follow-up consultation. The association of a volume-stable collagen matrix with i-PRF successfully treated multiple gingival recessions with reduced morbidity since a connective tissue collection was avoided.

Resolução de caso estético complexo por meio de expansão óssea, manipulação tecidual e reabilitação protética com componente protético angulável em tempo real / Resolution of an esthetic complex case through bone expansion, soft tissue manipulation and prosthetic rehabilitation using real-time customized abutments

O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar um caso clínico de reabilitação entre dentes e implantes. Na situação inicial, havia escurecimento do dente 11 e ausência do dente 22, sobre o qual estava instalada uma prótese parcial removível. Uma intensa reabsorção óssea na região do dente ausente foi observada através de análises clínica e tomográfica. A técnica de expansão óssea associada ao deslocamento vestibular de tecido conjuntivo palatino, conhecido como "técnica do rolo", foi realizada, juntamente à instalação de implante cone-morse (Arcsys). Após quatro meses, foi realizada a reabertura. Selecionou-se um munhão universal angulável (Arcsys), o qual teve sua angulação personalizada com base na posição obtida através de um referenciador angular, e uma prótese provisória cimentada foi confeccionada sobre este. Um preparo para coroa metalocerâmica foi realizado no dente 11 e sobre o elemento 21, além da substituição das restaurações antigas, também foi realizada faceta em resina composta. Assim, o caso foi finalizado com uma coroa metalocerâmica sobre implante e uma coroa metalocerâmica sobre dente, entremeadas por dente natural facetado com resina composta. Apesar da complexidade de um caso clínico envolvendo dentes naturais e próteses, foi possível alcançar um resultado satisfatório e um sorriso esteticamente harmônico.

The aim of this paper was to present a clinical rehabilitation case with teeth and implants. In the clinical scenario, there was darkening of tooth 11 and the lack of tooth 22, where a removable prosthesis was installed. Also, considerable bone resorption was observed after clinical and CBCT exams. In this way, bone expansion technique was associated to the roll technique. Four months after implant placement, (morse taper, Arcsys), the opening procedure was performed. A universal abutment (Arcsys) was selected and angled in real time according a pre-fabricated guiding device, receiving a cemented provisional single-tooth crown. Then, tooth 11 received a dental preparation for fused-to-metal crown, and tooth 21 received a direct composite veneer. Thus, the final scenario was composed by a fused-to-metal crowns over dental implant and tooth, and a natural tooth with resin composite veneer. Despite its complexity, satisfactory results and a harmonious smile were achieved.

Uso de guias no planejamento de próteses sobre implantes / Use of guides in planning for implant-supported prostheses

O planejamento é fundamental na Implantodontia. Com um correto planejamento, tornam-se muito maiores as chances de obtenção do sucesso clínico, que hoje vai muito além de somente alcançar a osseointegração dos implantes, mas sim, de posicionar o implante idealmente para a confecção de uma prótese que venha a contemplar saúde, função e estética. O objetivo desse artigo foi de reforçar a importância das etapas de planejamento e da utilização de meios para transferir as informações obtidas para a situação clínica através do uso de guias. A busca pelas publicações foi realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed (Medline) e Periódicos CAPES, durante o segundo semestre de 2013. Também foi realizada busca manual de referências. A seleção final após a leitura de títulos, abstracts e textos completos chegou a 30 artigos. Concluiu-se que os guias auxiliam em todas as fases do tratamento e permitem maior previsibilidade dos resultados, aumentando substancialmente a qualidade e longevidade das reabilitações protéticas implantossuportadas.

Planning is essential in oral Implantology. With correct planning there are greater chances of obtaining clinical success, which currently means more than the osseointegration of implants, and includes ideal positioning of the implant for making a prosthesis that contemplates health, function and aesthetics. The aim of this article was to reinforce the importance of planning steps and the use of means to transfer the information obtained to the clinical situation using the guides. The search was conducted in the databases Pubmed (Medline) and CAPES journals during the second half of 2013. It was also performed manual search of references. The final selection after reading titles, abstracts and full texts reached 30 articles. It can be concluded that the guides help at all stages of treatment and allow greater predictability of the results, thereby greatly enhancing the quality and longevity of the prosthetic implant restorations.

A Step-by-Step Management of Extraction Sites in Areas of Maxillary Sinus Pneumatization: A Literature Review and a Case Presentation of a New Surgical Technique.

INTRODUCTION: The rehabilitation of the posterior maxilla with implant-supported prosthesis is often complicated by pneumatization of the maxillary sinus. Bone grafting is commonly required in these cases. Over the years, a number of techniques have been developed for this type of reconstruction. AIM: Present and discuss the possibility of alveolar bone regeneration for subsequent placement of oral implants using Fugazzotto's technique in combination with particulate autograft harvested from the mandibular ramus and a connective tissue pedicle flap to cover the graft. METHODS: A case of a 37-year-old woman with a molar perforated during endodontic treatment and indicated for extraction and implant placement is reported. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The clinical case showed the possibility of grafting of extraction sites combined with atraumatic elevation of the maxillary sinus floor can be achieved using non-conventional techniques such as Fugazzotto's technique associated with alveolar bone regeneration.

Nasal Floor Elevation with Simultaneous Implant Placement: A Case Report.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to report a clinical case of nasal floor elevation and simultaneous dental implant placement. CASE REPORT: The patient presented to the clinic of the Center of Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID) in the Department of Dentistry at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC, Florianópolis, Brazil), for follow-up for peri-implantitis control. After clinical and radiographic assessment, two of three implants on anterior maxilla were removed. A cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan revealed no bone height for conventional length implant insertion. Nasal floor elevation and simultaneous implant placement were performed, with nasal cavity augmentation carried out with bovine bone graft. After six months, the implants were reopened successfully. CONCLUSIONS: Nasal floor elevation proved to be a reliable method for dental implants insertion on the anterior atrophic maxilla when bone height reconstruction was necessary. The use of bovine bone substitutes for nasal cavity augmentation showed predictable results as well as simultaneous implant placement.

Tratamento cirúrgico de peri-implantite û relato de caso com 3 anos de acompanhamento / Surgical treatment for peri-implantitis û case report with 3-years follow-up

A peri-implantite (PI), doença peri-implantar causada pelo desequilíbrio entre a colonização bacteriana ao redor dos implantes e a resposta do hospedeiro, é caracterizada pela perda óssea e profundidade de sondagem aumentada com sangramento e/ou supuração. Este artigo relata um caso clínico de tratamento cirúrgico de peri-implantite em área estética da maxila e descreve o acompanhamento longitudinal da paciente, num período de 3 anos após cirurgia. A paciente compareceu ao Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa em Implantes Dentários (CEPID), no Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) (Florianópolis/Brasil) para tratamento de doença peri-implantar na região do dente 11. Após diagnóstico de PI e tratamento não cirúrgico local, a terapia cirúrgica foi indicada. A coroa parafusada foi removida e o osso foi exposto através de uma incisão de espessura total. O tecido de granulação foi removido através de raspagem manual e a osteoplastia foi realizada ao redor do implante com cinzéis, de forma manual, buscando preservar ao máximo o osso próximo aos dentes vizinhos à região. Ácido cítrico a 3% foi aplicado com o intuito de promover a descontaminação química e, também, o condicionamento do osso para reinserção dos tecidos. O manejo da PI permanece sem um protocolo de tratamento definido, porém, as opções terapêuticas adotadas foram suficientes para limitar os danos da doença e restabelecer a saúde dos tecidos peri-implantares no caso apresentado...

Peri-implantitis (PI), a peri-implant disease caused by an imbalance between bacterial colonization around the implant and host response, is characterized by bone loss and increased probing depths with bleeding and/or suppuration. This paper reports a clinical case of surgical treatment of PI in aesthetic area of the maxilla and describes the longitudinal follow-up of the patient over a period of 3 years after surgery. The patient searched the Center of Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Department of Dentistry of the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) (Florianopolis/Brazil), for peri-implant disease treatment in the 11 tooth region. After diagnosis of PI and local non-surgical treatment, surgical therapy was indicated. The screwed crown was removed and the bone exposed through a full thickness incision. Granulation tissue was removed by manual curettage and osteoplasty was performed manually around the implant with chisels, as an attempt to preserve bone near the adjacent teeth. In order to promote chemical decontamination and bone conditioning for tissue reinsertion, citric acid at 3% was applied. PI management remains without a defined treatment protocol, however in the present case the adopted therapeutic options were sufficient to limit the damage of the disease and restore health of peri-implant tissues...

Piezosurgery in Bone Augmentation Procedures Previous to Dental Implant Surgery: A Review of the Literature.

The piezosurgery has been used with increasing frequency and applicability by health professionals, especially those who deal with dental implants. The concept of piezoelectricity has emerged in the nineteenth century, but it was applied in oral surgery from 1988 by Tomaso Vercellotti. It consists of an ultrasonic device able to cut mineralized bone tissue, without injuring the adjacent soft tissue. It also has several advantages when compared to conventional techniques with drills and saws, such as the production of a precise, clean and low bleed bone cut that shows positive biological results. In dental implants surgery, it has been used for maxillary sinus lifting, removal of bone blocks, distraction osteogenesis, lateralization of the inferior alveolar nerve, split crest of alveolar ridge and even for dental implants placement. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of piezosurgery in bone augmentation procedures used previously to dental implants placement.

Experiências de aprendizagem mais efetivas segundo acadêmicos de Odontologia / Most effective learning experiences for dental students

O ensino centrado no professor ainda é amplamente abordado na maioria das Instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras. Este método não prioriza a participação ativa do aluno no processo de construção do conhecimento. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi conhecer as experiências de aprendizagem consideradas mais significativas pelos acadêmicos de odontologia. Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa, com análise descritiva e analítica utilizando questionário previamente testado. A amostra foi composta por 274 acadêmicos, regularmente matriculados no ano de 2014. Do total de alunos, 209 (76,3%) era do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 21,3±2,5 anos. Os resultados demonstraram que a estratégia de ensino que mais colaborou para a aprendizagem do aluno foram as atividades desenvolvidas em aulas práticas (186, 67,9%), contribuindo, segundo 171 (92,3%) alunos, de maneira intensa para sua formação. A segunda estratégia de ensino mais citada foi a participação em projetos de extensão (17, 6,2%). Observou-se tendência na preferência pelas atividades extraclasse entre acadêmicos do sexo feminino. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o tipo de estratégia de ensino e idade (p=0,211). Atividades em aulas práticas foram as que mais contribuíram para o aprendizado do acadêmico no âmbito universitário. Espera-se que os resultados deste estudo, em conjunto com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, contribuam para a discussão sobre a necessidade de melhorias e inovação no ensino em odontologia (AU).

The teacher-centered method is still widely used in most universities in Brazil. This method does not prioritize the active participation of the student in the knowledge construction process. The objective of this research was to identify the most significant learning experience according dental students. A quantitative study, with descriptive and analytical analysis using pre-tested questionnaire was conducted. Of the total students, 209 (76.3%) were female, with a mean age of 21.3±2.5 years. The results showed that the teaching strategy that most contributed to student learning activities were developed in practical classes, 186 (67.9%), contributing for 171 (92.3%) students, intensively for their training. The second most cited teaching strategy by dental students was to participate in extension projects (17 / 6.2%). There was a trend in preference for extracurricular activities among female dental students. There was no statistically significant difference between learning experience preference and age (p=0.211). Activities in practical lessons were the ones that most contributed to learning for dental students. It is expected that the results of this study, together with the National Curriculum Guidelines could contribute in the discussion about the need of improvement and innovation in dental education (AU).

Avaliação transversal retrospectiva do desempenho clínico dos parafusos protéticos do sistema Implacil De Bortoli com cinco ou mais anos em função / A cross-sectional retrospective evaluation on the clinical performance of prosthetic screws of Implacil De Bortoli System with five or more years in function

Objetivos: relatar as falhas nos parafusos protéticos de um sistema de implantes com o tempo em função. Material e métodos: foram incluídos nesta avaliação transversal retrospectiva 183 pacientes, reabilitados com 916 implantes (Implacil De Bortoli) em função por pelo menos um ano. Dois grupos foram formados de acordo com o tempo em função: até cinco anos (G1) e mais de cinco anos (G2). A relação entre as falhas e o tempo de uso foi analisada pelo teste qui-quadrado (nível de significância 5%). Resultados: dos 916 implantes pesquisados, 836 (91,3%) não apresentaram falhas de parafuso e 80 (8,7%) mostraram algum problema relacionado. O grupo G1 apresentou 416 implantes, sendo que 404 implantes (97,1%) não apresentaram problemas e 12 implantes (2,9%) apresentaram falha de parafuso protético. No G2, foram selecionados 500 implantes, dentre os quais 432 (86,4%) apresentavam-se sem falhas de parafuso e 68 (13,6%) com presença de afrouxamento e/ou fratura do parafuso da prótese. Houve diferença estatística significante entre os grupos (p < 0,001). Conclusão: ambos os grupos apresentaram baixos índices de falhas nos parafusos. Entretanto, o G2 (próteses com mais de cinco anos) apresentou maior percentual dessas falhas, demonstrando que as mesmas aumentam com o tempo em função das reabilitações implantossuportadas.

Objectives: to report prosthetic screw implant failures over time periods. Material and methods: one-hundred and eighty-three patients receiving 916 implants (Implacil De Bortoli, Sao Paulo, Brazil) with at least one year to follow-up were included in this cross-sectional retrospective study. Prosthetic screws were divided into two groups: G1 (≤ 5 years) and G2 (> 5 years in function). The chi-square test was used to analyze relationship between failures and time in function (5% level of significance). Results: out of the 916 examined implants, 836 (91.3%) did not present prosthetic screw failures and 80 (8.7%) reported some problem. The G1 presented with 416 implants, being 404 (97.1%) with no problems and 12 (2.9%) with some type of failure. At G2, 500 implants were selected, being 432 (86.4%) presenting no failures and 68 (13.6%) with screw loosening and/or fracture. A statistically significant difference was observed between groups (p < 0,001). Conclusions: both groups presented low index failures for prosthetic screws. However, more failures were seen at G2 (> 5 years of follow-up), corroborating the findings that those increase according to time in function for oral, implant-supported rehabilitations.