LA-Net: A Multi-Task Deep Network for the Segmentation of the Left Atrium.

Although atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained atrial arrhythmia, treatment success for this condition remains suboptimal. Information from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to improve treatment efficacy, but there are currently few automatic tools for the segmentation of the atria in MR images. In the study, we propose a LA-Net, a multi-task network optimised to simultaneously generate left atrial segmentation and edge masks from MRI. LA-Net includes cross attention modules (CAMs) and enhanced decoder modules (EDMs) to purposefully select the most meaningful edge information for segmentation and smoothly incorporate it into segmentation masks at multiple-scales. We evaluate the performance of LA-Net on two MR sequences: late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) atrial MRI and atrial short axis balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) MRI. LA-Net gives Hausdorff distances of 12.43 mm and Dice scores of 0.92 on the LGE (STACOM 2018) dataset and Hausdorff distances of 17.41 mm and Dice scores of 0.90 on the bSSFP (in-house) dataset without any post-processing, surpassing previously proposed segmentation networks, including U-Net and SEGANet. Our method allows automatic extraction of information about the LA from MR images, which can play an important role in the management of AF patients.

The new 'opt-out' organ donation English law: Is the NHS ready for this?

In May 2020, the new 'opt-out' organ donation law was passed in England. This law is a crucial step to help battle the long waiting lists of patients awaiting a transplant. This article aims to explore some of the challenges that the transplant teams may face with the new law, as well as raising awareness among the junior doctors, especially with the new COVID-19 transplant guidelines. Successful transplantations require immense training of healthcare professionals, fast retrieval services, pre- and postoperative care of patients, intensive care management, life-long follow-up and management of patients. Organ transplant surgery is a life-changing moment for a patient. Ultimately, commissioning groups, clinicians and managers need to work together, evaluate the changes required and enact thorough business plans to ensure the NHS is not overwhelmed. Together with increasing the awareness of organ donation within the public, the government needs to support the NHS to fund, train and manage transplant centres to welcome this much-awaited 'opt-out' organ donation law in England successfully.