Gamma ray detection performance of newly developed MAPD-3NM-II photosensor with LaBr3(Ce) crystal.

This paper presents the gamma-ray detection performance of the newly developed MAPD-3NM-II type SiPM sensor array (4 [Formula: see text] 4) with [Formula: see text](Ce) scintillator. The gamma-ray spectra of various sources have been measured in the energy range from 26 keV up to 1332 keV. The newly developed array based on MAPD-3NM-II sensors proved [Formula: see text] 22% enhancement in energy resolution in comparison to the former MAPD-3NM-I based array. The energy resolution of 662 keV gamma-rays measured by MAPD-3NM-II was 3.3% while clearly surpassing 4.25% resolution of MAPD-3NM-I predecessor. The enhancement is related to the high PDE of the new MAPD-3NM-II. Obtained results show that the new MAPD-3NM-II demonstrated good energy resolution and linearity in the studied energy region. The energy resolution of the new detector developed based on MAPD-3NM-II was better than all previous products of MAPD.

[Efficacy of probiotic application in the treatment and prevention of peri-implant mucositis]. / Éffektivnost' primeneniia probiotikov v lechenii i profilaktike perimukozitov.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of peri-implant complications. Clinical, immunological and microbiological studies were conducted before, 1 and 6 months after the periodontal treatment in 42 patients (120 implants) with peri-implant mucositis. The use of probiotics in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis led to a significant and more pronounced improvement in oral health state in terms of an increased functional activity of the salivary glands, local immunity factors and microbiocenosis.

Dark Matter Search Results from the PICO-60 C_{3}F_{8} Bubble Chamber.

New results are reported from the operation of the PICO-60 dark matter detector, a bubble chamber filled with 52 kg of C_{3}F_{8} located in the SNOLAB underground laboratory. As in previous PICO bubble chambers, PICO-60 C_{3}F_{8} exhibits excellent electron recoil and alpha decay rejection, and the observed multiple-scattering neutron rate indicates a single-scatter neutron background of less than one event per month. A blind analysis of an efficiency-corrected 1167-kg day exposure at a 3.3-keV thermodynamic threshold reveals no single-scattering nuclear recoil candidates, consistent with the predicted background. These results set the most stringent direct-detection constraint to date on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-proton spin-dependent cross section at 3.4×10^{-41} cm^{2} for a 30-GeV c^{-2} WIMP, more than 1 order of magnitude improvement from previous PICO results.

The BiPo-3 detector.

The BiPo-3 detector is a low radioactive detector dedicated to measuring ultra-low natural contaminations of 208Tl and 214Bi in thin materials, initially developed to measure the radiopurity of the double ß decay source foils of the SuperNEMO experiment at the µBq/kg level. The BiPo-3 technique consists in installing the foil of interest between two thin ultra-radiopure scintillators coupled to low radioactive photomultipliers. The design and performances of the detector are presented. In this paper, the final results of the 208Tl and 214Bi activity measurements of the first enriched 82Se foils are reported for the first time, showing the capability of the detector to reach sensitivities in the range of some µBq/kg.

Measurement of the ßß decay half-life of 130Te with the NEMO-3 detector.

We report results from the NEMO-3 experiment based on an exposure of 1275 days with 661 g of (130)Te in the form of enriched and natural tellurium foils. The ßß decay rate of (130)Te is found to be greater than zero with a significance of 7.7 standard deviations and the half-life is measured to be T(½)(2ν) = [7.0 ± 0.9(stat) ± 1.1(syst)] × 10(20) yr. This represents the most precise measurement of this half-life yet published and the first real-time observation of this decay.

[Neuroradiological diagnostics of atherosclerotic lesions and kinking of the carotid arteries in determination of indications to surgical treatment].

Range of methods for diagnostics of extracranial arterial stenosis includes both untrasonic techniques (transcranial Doppler study, duplex sonography, which are not only screening methods, but also used in surgery as well) and high-tech imaging methods--spiral CT scans and MR angiography with visualization of structural changes in vascular wall, quantitative and functional assessment of blood flow in vessels. Aim of this study was to determine the effective of non-invasive diagnostic techniques--MR angiography (MRA), including phase-contrast MRA (PCMRA), and spiral CT angiography (SCTA) in identification and comprehensive assessment of stenosis of internal carotid artery and comparison of capabilities of these methods with gold standard--direct angiography.

[Complex neuroradiological diagnosis in case of atherosclerotic lesion of the carotid arteries].

The diagnostic arsenal for extracranial stenosis includes both ultrasound techniques, such as transcranial Doppler and duplex sonography, which are not only screening methods, but also are used at surgery, and high-tech neuroradiological techniques, such as spiral computed tomographic and magnetic resonance angiography, which can visualize structural changes in the vessel walls and qualitatively and functionally evaluate blood flow in the vascular bed. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of non-invasive diagnostic methods, such as magnetic resonance angiography, including phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography and spiral computed tomographic angiography, in the detection and comprehensive evaluation of stenoses and to compare the feasibilities of noninvasive procedures with the gold standard--selective angiography.

[Simultaneous operative interventions in conditions of urgent abdominal surgery].

The experience of performance of urgent simultant operations (SO) on abdominal cavity organs in 63 patients (of them in 12--using laparoscopic technologies) was summarized. The material was compared and analyzed using statistical methods in three clinical groups, suffering concomitant surgical diseases in patients of gastroenterological, coloproctological and herniological profile. There were shown the possibilities and proved the expediency of SO performance in environment of the abdominal cavity urgent surgery in multiprofile general surgery clinic for enhancement of the patients treatment and an optimal surgical tactics choice.

[Surgery of rare malignant lung tumours].

4023 operations on account of primary bronchopulmonary cancer were performed in the period of 1963--2006 years. Rare malignant tumors (carcinoid, adenocystic cancer, sarcoma, large cell carcinoma etc.) were diagnosed in 379 (9,1%) cases. 275 patients of those had bronchpulmonary carcinoid; adenocystic cancer was diagnosed in 26 patients; 67 had various types of non-epithelial malignant tumors and 11 had a large cell carcinoma. All patients were operated on, morphological verification was obtained in all cases. The surgical tactics in patients with rare malignant tumours should be the same as for non-small cell lung--lobectomy of pneumonectomy with lyphadenectomy. The long term follow-up results witness the advisability of surgical treatment.

[Low-intensity laser irradiation in the combined treatment of depressive disoreders in patients with chronic salpingo-oophoritis].

This study was designed to evaluate the possibility to use low-intensity laser radiation in combined therapy of somatogenic depressions in patients having gynecological problems, such as inflammatory disease of uterine appendages. It was shown that the combined treatment including administration ofantidepressants significantly accelerated the development of beneficial changes and stabilized depressive manifestations. Inclusion of low-intensity laser irradiation in the combined therapy further improved its positive effect. Nevertheless, the complete recovery could not be achieved in the absence of specific antidepressant treatment despite the alleviation of depressive symptoms.

[Diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in polyneoplasia].

Recently there has been an increase in the incidence of polyneoplasias (PNP) of various organs. This is associated with certain advances in the treatment of malignancies with prolonged survival on the one hand and with better diagnosis and the emergence of new instrumental studies. The diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer as a component of PNP) currently remains a great challenge. In 1985 to 2004, the Acad. B. V. Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, and Moscow Cancer Dispensary One treated 403 patients for lung cancer detected in combination with an extrapulmonary malignant tumor or second lung cancer, which amounted to 8.9% of the patients operated on for lung cancer. Primary malignancy of the lung and secondary neoplasm were synchronously and metachronously diagnosed in 165 (40.9%) and 238 (59.1%) patients, respectively. Lobectomy was performed in 207 (51.4%) patients while 79 (19.6%) patients underwent sublobar resection. Three- and 5-year overall survival was 43.4 and 30.6%, respectively. After radical operations, better 5-year survival rates were observed in patients with metachronous lung cancer in PNP (32.5% than in those with synchronously detected one (27.9%) (p < 0.05). The results depended on the stage of the disease--all patients with Stage IIIB died within the first year postoperatively. Thus, lung cancer as a component of PNP should be treated by the principles of bronchopulmonary cancer. Moreover, the similar long-term results that mainly depend on the stage of the disease are achieved. New instrumental studies establish the preoperative diagnosis in 88.4% of cases.

[Simultant operative interventions in elective surgery of abdominal cavity].

The literature data concerning the problem of simultant operative interventions were analyzed and the unsolved topics were delineated. Basing on the detailed analysis of results of the operations obtained in 78 patients, performed for coexistent diseases, the authors consider the simultant operative interventions in elective surgery of the abdominal cavity the method of choice in presence of two-three coexistent diseases, which must be surgically treated.

[Reconstructive-restoration surgeries for nonspeciphic ulcerative colitis and colonic Crohn's disease].

Results of surgical treatment of 88 patients were presented, to whom radical surgery for nonspeciphic ulcerative colitis and Krohn's disease was performed. In 92% of observations the first-stage operation consisted of subtotal colectomy procedure with formation of separate ileostoma and sygmostoma, which was modified in the clinic. The reconstructive-restoration operation was performed in 61 (69.4%) of patients in 12 months after the first operation. The necessity to estimate the degree of the excluded colon readiness for the reconstructive-restoration operation performance was established, the terms of its application as well as the method and character of the operation were substantiated. The postoperative complications rate was (45,5+/-5,3)%. The result of reconstructive-restoration operation was considered good in 12, fair--in 61, unfair--in 15 patients. All the patients are alive.

[Restoration of the colon continuity in patients with ascendostomy after Gartmann operation with rectal supraanal resection].

Results of performance of reconstructive-restoration operation in 7 patients with ascendostomy were analyzed. Of them in 4 as the first stage supraanal rectal resection was performed and in 3 - Gartmann operation. There was proposed the method for colonic continuity restoration after Gartmann operation performance, in which pancreatic stump is mobilized along its posterior wall, securing nutrient vessels up to highest point and lower surface of the pelvic peritoneum sheet. The pelvic peritoneal sheet is dissected from the peritoneal cavity side under guidance of surgeon hand and the rectoscope tube, introduced into rectal stump. During performance of second stage in all the patients massive adhesions were revealed. Postoperative complications were absent.

[Intraoperative complications in performance of reconstruction-restoration interventions in patients, to whom one-barrel colostomy was constructed]. / Intraoperatsyonnye oslozhneniia pri vypolnenii rekonstruktivno-vosstanovitel'nykh vmeshatel'st u bol'nykh , kotorym nalozhena odnostvol'naia kolostoma.

Results of performance of reconstruction-restoration operations in 208 patients with one-barrel colostomy were analyzed. Earlier operation according to Hartmann procedure modification was performed in 138 (66.3% +/- 3.3%) of them, operation according to Hartmann--in 70 (33.7% +/- 3.3%). There were elaborated and introduced: the method of the intestinal continuity restoration, and also of the colonic anastomosis formation. The most frequent complications during performance of reconstructive operations were: deserosation of small intestine and colon, dissect of the hollow organ lumen, hemorrhage from the small pelvis veins. Cicatricial changes and adhesions in abdominal cavity and cavity of small pelvis were the main causes of the complications occurrence, making the intestinal loops and the colonic stump mobilization difficult, disordering the topographoanatomic arrangement of organs.

[Quality of life as the criterion of psychological status of patients with painful dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint]. / Kachestvo zhizni kak kriterii psikhologicheskogo statusa patsientov s sindromom bolevoi disfunktsii visochno-nizhnecheliustnogo sustava.

The quality of life in patients with painful temporomandibular dysfunction and the efficiency of serotonin antidepressants as an element of therapy of these patients were evaluated. The quality of life is decreased in this patient population; they develop hypothymic reactions. Use of serotonin-positive antidepressants appreciably improved the quality of life.

[Experience of laparoscopic hernioplasty in the treatment of inguinal hernia]. / Opyt laparoskopicheskoi gernioplastiki v lechenii pakhovoi gryzhi.

For 2001-2003 yrs period laparoscopic prosthesis hernioplasty was performed in 127 patients. Oblique reducible inguinoscrotal hernia had constituted the main nosological form of the disease. Peculiarities of preoperative preparation, anesthesiological support, operative procedures, complications postoperative management and medicinal securing of patients, immediate and late follow-up results of their surgical treatment were lighted on. The advantages of laparoscopic prosthesis hernioplasty were proved, such as the recurrence frequency lowering, social-economic efficacy, associated with reduction of the patients stationary stay, their labour rehabilitation and the recurrence absence.

[Potentialities of treating secondary dysthymia with painful dysfunction of temporomandibular joint]. / Vozmozhnosti terapii vtorichnoi gipotimii bol'nykh s sindromom bolevoi disfunktsii visochno-nizhnecheliustnogo sustava.

The quality of life and presence of depressions were evaluated in patients with painful temporomandibular dysfunction and the advantages of serotonin antidepressants in combined therapy of this condition were discussed. The findings indicate a decrease of the quality of life and hypothymic reactions in this category of patients. Addition of serotonin antidepressants to combined therapy appreciably improved the quality of life and more rapidly led to reduction of depressive symptoms.

[Specifics of restorative surgeries in patients with unilateral colostomy]. / Osobennosti vypolneniia vosstanovitel'nykh operatsii u bol'nykh s odnostvol'noi kolostomoi.

In 194 patients with one--barrel colostoma experience of the reconstructive-restoration operations stage) performance was summarized. The surgical tactics was studied depending on the main disease nature, peculiarities and complications of the first operative treatment, presence of accompanying diseases, terms of the restoration operation performance, length of colonic stump. Period from the moment of radical intervention performance to restoration operation had constituted from 5 months to 12 years. It is recommended to apply the end--to the stump side anastomosis after performance of the Gartmann type operation and in presence of a short stump--the colonic descendence into the rectum stump. Method of colonic descendence via the rectum stump after the tunnel formation using perineal access was proposed. The most frequent complications were observed after the Dyuahmel type of operation performance. For successful surgical treatment the authors recommend conduction of measures directed for prophylaxis of purulent--inflammatory complications, application of rational surgical tactics, adequate blood supply of transplant.