Ultrasound assisted pectic polysaccharide extraction and its characterization from waste heads of Helianthus annus.

The main aim of this current work is to extract pectin from waste heads of Helianthus annus by ultrasound and optimize the process variables (ultrasound power (USP), pH, time of sonication (TS) and ratio of solid to liquid (RSL) on maximal recovery of pectin using central composite statistical experimental design. In addition to that, extracted pectin at optimal condition was characterized and compared with commercial pectin. The optimal extraction process condition was USP of 375w, pH of 3.2, TS of 32min and RSL of 1:15g/ml. Mean experimental pectin yield of 8.89±0.024% was well accord with predicted pectin yield (8.91%). Analysis of chemical composition and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of extracted pectin did not show any significant difference with commercial pectin. XRD analysis illustrated a similar crystalline profile in both extracted and commercial pectin. Morphological analysis was performed on fresh and extracted samples using scanning electron microscopy.

Modeling of polysaccharide extraction from Gossypium arboreum L. seed using central composite rotatable design.

The present study investigates the effect of independent variables such as extraction temperature (35-55 °C), time (1-5h) and solid-liquid ratio (1:5-1:25 g/ml) over the extraction yield of polysaccharide from Gossypium arboreum L. seeds was investigated and optimized. Aqueous extraction method was opted for the extraction of polysaccharide. Central composite response surface design was utilized for developing the experimental design. A second order polynomial mathematical model was developed from the obtained results. From the results, Significance of process variables over the extraction process can be clearly depicted. At the extraction temperature of 45 °C, extraction time of 3h and solid-liquid ratio of 1:15 g/ml maximum yield of polysaccharide (8.67%) from Gossypium arboreum L. seed was obtained. Characteristics of the extracted polysaccharide are analyzed through physico-chemical property analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).