[Comparative characteristics of the efficacy and safety of the original alteplase and its complete biosimilar in the treatment of ischemic stroke in real clinical practice]. / Sravnitel'naya kharakteristika effektivnosti i bezopasnosti original'noi alteplazy i ee bioanaloga pri lechenii ishemicheskogo insul'ta v real'noi klinicheskoi praktike.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a comparative analysis between the original alteplase and its biosimilar in terms of efficacy and safety in real clinical practice in the Republic of Belarus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cohort study included 420 patients. All included patients underwent thrombolytic therapy with alteplase within 4.5 hours of the onset of stroke symptoms according to the approved tactics of the Republic of Belarus and international recommendations. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 215 received the drug Revelisa, 205 - Actilyse. RESULTS: The patients were comparable in gender, age, ASPECTS assessment, but had statistically significant difference in NIHSS was found, due to the large number of patients with NIHSS=16-25 in the Actilyse group. The assessment of premorbid disability also showed a statistically significant difference: there were more patients in the Revelisa group who had functional limitations of varying degrees before the disease, 83 (38.6%) versus 62 (28.3%) patients in the comparison group. Clinical outcomes were comparable, the proportion of patients achieving mRS=0-1 at discharge was 41.5% in group A and 42.8% in group P. The Revelisa demonstrated a statistically significant lower number of deaths in 15 (7.0%) and 29 (14.1%) in the comparison group. The development of a greater number of clinically insignificant petechial hemorrhages was noted after the use of Actilyse. CONCLUSION: The analysis demonstrated a high level of safety in the use of alteplase preparations in routine practice. The compared fibrinolytics had comparable effectiveness in achieving functional independence after ischemic stroke, despite the more premorbid disability of patients who received a biosimilar.

A Novel Conductometric Urea Biosensor with Improved Analytical Characteristic Based on Recombinant Urease Adsorbed on Nanoparticle of Silicalite.

Development of a conductometric biosensor for the urea detection has been reported. It was created using a non-typical method of the recombinant urease immobilization via adsorption on nanoporous particles of silicalite. It should be noted that this biosensor has a number of advantages, such as simple and fast performance, the absence of toxic compounds during biosensor preparation, and high reproducibility (RSD = 5.1 %). The linear range of urea determination by using the biosensor was 0.05-15 mM, and a lower limit of urea detection was 20 µM. The bioselective element was found to be stable for 19 days. The characteristics of recombinant urease-based biomembranes, such as dependence of responses on the protein and ion concentrations, were investigated. It is shown that the developed biosensor can be successfully used for the urea analysis during renal dialysis.

Application of enzyme/zeolite sensor for urea analysis in serum.

Urea biosensor based on zeolite-adsorbed urease was applied for analysis of blood serum samples. It should be noted, that this biosensor has a number of advantages, such as simple and fast performance, the absence of toxic compounds during biosensor preparation, high reproducibility and repeatability (RSD=9% and 4%, respectively). The linear range of urea determination by using the biosensor was 0.003-0.75 mM, and the limit of urea detection was 3 µM. The method of standard addition was used for analysis of serum samples with 500-fold dilution. Total time of analysis was 10 min. Good reproducibility of urea determination in real samples was demonstrated (RSD=10%). Biosensor results were verified by using a common method of urea determination (diacetyl monoxime reaction). It was shown that by using this biosensor distinguishing healthy people from people with renal dysfunction becomes easier.

Application of creatinine-sensitive biosensor for hemodialysis control.

The highly sensitive and selective potentiometric biosensor for creatinine determination has been developed by us earlier. In it, pH-sensitive field effect transistors were used as transducer and immobilized creatinine deiminase (EC 3.5.4.21)--as a biosensitive element. In the work presented, we optimized this biosensor for creatinine analysis in real samples of dialysate in patients with renal failure. The optimized version of biosensor was applied for on-line monitoring of the level of creatinine in the patient's dialysate fluid in the course of dialysis session. High correlation between the biosensor analysis and traditional Jaffe method was demonstrated.

[Alterations of the form of M-response in polyneuropathies of different genesis]. / Izmeneniia formy M-otveta pri polinevropatiiakh razlichnogo geneza.

The aim of the study was to identity main types of alterations in the form of M-responses in patients with primary axonal and demyelinating polyneuropathies (PNP). Clinical and electroneuromyographic examination was performed in 227 patients aged 15-72 years with alcoholic (axonal) and inflammatory demyelinating PNP. M-response was registered from the abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digitus minimum, short extensor of the hallux, and abductor hallucis during stimulation of the motor fibers of median, ulnar, tibial, peroneal nerves using superficial registration electrodes. The basis for selection of altered types of M-responses was the analysis of the following criteria: a spatial correlation of the positive and negative picks; presence of the additional crooks, turns and phases on M-responses; location of these changes on the curve. 5 types of M-response alterations were singled out. The first three types were revealed in patients with alcoholic PNP and two other types--in patients with inflammatory demyelinating PNP. These 5 types of the changes in M-responses reflect the degree of desynchronization in coming of the impulses to muscular fibers. Classification proposed allows to improve a quality of both diagnosis and control of therapy in patients with PNP of different genesis.

[Electromyographical aspects of alcoholic polyneuropathy]. / Elektroneiromiograficheskaia kharakteristika alkogol'noi polinevropatii.

The aim of the work was determination of the pattern of electroneuromyographic disorders (ENMG) with determination of the character, degree and peculiarities of the damages in peripheral nerves of upper and lower, extremities in 82 patients aged 25-65 years with alcoholic polyneuropathy. By means of standard ENMG methods the study was made of motor fibrae of median, tibia, fibular and sensory fibrae of median and sural nerves. Generalized symmetric sensomotor distal axonopathy was revealed. The most pronounced ENMG-signs were: a considerable decrease of the amplitude or the absence of the action potentials from the sensory fibrae of sural nerve as well as a decrease of the amplitude of M-component of muscle action potential from the short extensor of the fingers during study of fibular nerve. There was a prevalent decrease of the amplitude of positive peak of M-response. The index of the amplitude of the positive peak is proposed which more objectively reflects an alteration of its amplitude on the early stage of the disease. The degree of a damage of different peripheral nerves was also determined.

[Comprehensive therapy of malignant glioma of the brain]. / Kompleksnoe lechenie zlokachestvennykh gliom bol'shikh polusharii golovnogo mozga.

The paper deals with the results of therapy of malignant glioma of the brain using a complex of procedures (surgical removal, nidran chemotherapy and telegammatherapy (1991-1997). Therapy and follow-up lasted 2-64 months. Mean survival after treatment was 16 months; 63% survived more than 24 months; post-operative mortality was 2.4%.