Presentation and Management of Cutaneous Manifestations of COVID-19.

INTRODUCTION: The spread of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has instigated a fervent race of the medical community to identify its manifestations, the patients at risk, and optimal disease management. While the COVID-19 illness is largely associated with respiratory consequences, there is increased reporting of other organ-specific disease sequelae that include the skin. OBJECTIVE: To identify, describe, and classify the main skin manifestations of COVID-19 and associated protocols for management. METHODS: Forty-five patients from three clinical centers in North and South America with positive COVID-19 PCR and/or serology presenting cutaneous manifestations were included in this retrospective chart review. Medical history, biopsies, dermoscopy, laboratory findings, clinical photography, and disease management were documented. RESULTS: Seven main types of cutaneous manifestations were identified: exanthema/molbilliform, urticaria, papular/pustular/vesicular, petechiae/purpura, livedo reticularis, chilblains, and alopecia. Histopathogical analysis from skin biopsies and/or dermoscopy highlighted an inflammatory or vascular pathophysiology depending on the type of manifestation. While the first three types of COVID-19 skin manifestations preceded or coincided with other symptoms such as anosmia, fever, chills, chilblains, and livedo were found in later disease stages. All cases had a positive resolution with appropriate treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Cutaneous symptoms are part of the COVID-19 disease spectrum. Early identification, diagnosis, and management through a multidisciplinary approach can facilitate safe disease resolution for patients. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(1):76-83. doi:10.36849/JDD5676.

Magnetic Tunnel Junction Applications.

Spin-based devices can reduce energy leakage and thus increase energy efficiency. They have been seen as an approach to overcoming the constraints of CMOS downscaling, specifically, the Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) which has been the focus of much research in recent years. Its nonvolatility, scalability and low power consumption are highly attractive when applied in several components. This paper aims at providing a survey of a selection of MTJ applications such as memory and analog to digital converter, among others.

A study of clinical profiles of vitiligo in different ages: an analysis of 669 outpatients.

INTRODUCTION: Vitiligo is a skin disorder characterized by achromic macules (white) on the skin and/or mucous membranes, which affects 0.5-2% of the population. Few publications address a vitiligo epidemiological profile worldwide. In Brazil there are only studies in children. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and epidemiological profile of individuals affected by vitiligo and to evaluate behavior of the disease in different age groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in 669 patients with vitiligo from January 2001 to May 2006, who attended the Faculty of Medicine of ABC, located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: There was a predominance of females (62.2%) and adult age group (62.5%), with higher prevalence peaks between the second and third decades of life (18.3% and 16.9%, respectively). The most frequent phototype in skin was III (49.9%). Lesions began on the face most commonly in children and adolescents (32.6%) and the elderly (23.3%), and on hands in adults (24.0%). There was a higher prevalence of segmental vitiligo in children and adolescents (36.4%), compared with adults (11.3%) and the elderly (6.7%), and vitiligo with stable evolution was proportionately more frequent in childhood and adolescents (46.2%) than in adults (32.5%) and elderly (36.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are similar to other countries, mainly regarding the higher prevalence of segmental vitiligo and vitiligo with stable development among children and adolescents.

O sentido da avaliação para o enfermeiro professor: uma análise compreensiva da ação social / The meaning of evaluation for the nursing teacher: an understanding analysis of social action

O trabalho do professor no processo de avaliação tem mostrado o quanto essa atividade é motivadora e ao mesmo tempo desafiante. As escolas apresentam diferentes modos de olhar para as práticas da avaliação, que se encontram agregadas a sua cultura, aos planos de ensino e as experiências de cada professor, e ao mesmo tempo de todos nelas envolvidos. Este estudo buscou conhecer e compreender o sentido da avaliação para o enfermeiro professor de curso técnico de nível médio em Enfermagem. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que utilizou como referencial teórico e metodológico a abordagem da Fenomenologia Social de Alfred Schütz. Para desenvolver este estudo foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com doze enfermeiros professores que vivenciaram a avaliação em curso técnico de nível médio em Enfermagem. A análise dos discursos conduziu à construção de categorias concretas que expressam os motivos porque e os motivos para da ação social. As categorias foram: relação entre ensino, professor e aluno; relação teoria e prática; modos de avaliar e subjetividade no processo de avaliação; profissionalização, qualificando o olhar da avaliação e o compromisso com a autoavaliação. Esta análise possibilitou identificar o tipo vivido enfermeiro professor que vivencia em seu cotidiano escolar a avaliação do aluno no contexto da formação do técnico de enfermagem, constituído por sentir-se preocupado com a forma de como a escola vem avaliando o aluno; socializar com os seus pares asangústias acerca da avaliação e trocar experiências positivas; buscar espaços de diálogos com liberdade de expressão e maior acolhimento em seu trabalho escolar e avaliar o próprio trabalho representado por meio de suas vivências no mundo vivido da avaliação. Este estudo desvelou que há um forte chamado para que a avaliação seja positiva para aluno e professor; e ainda enquanto professor faz-se necessário refletir sobre avaliação como processo e não somente como resultado. Os professores enfocaram que ter consciência da importância de uma avaliação formativa, integrada com base nos pressupostos metodológicos dialéticos dá sentido ao desenvolvimento de suas práticas educativas.

The teachers task in the evaluation process has shown how much this activity is motivating and at the same time challenging. Schools present different ways of looking at evaluation practices, which are found to be linked to their culture, their teaching plans and the experiences from each teacher, and at the same time, all of those involved in them. This study sought to know and understand the meaning of evaluation for a nursing teacher of a nursing professional high school course. Its a qualitative research that used as theoretical and methodological referential the Social Phenomenology approach by Alfred Schütz. For developing this study, semi-structured interviews with twelve nursing teachers who faced the evaluation of a nursing professional high school course were made. Discourse analysis led to build concrete categories that expressed the reasons why and the reasons for social action. The categories were: relationship among teaching, teacher and student; theory and practice relationship; ways of evaluating and subjectivity in the evaluation process; professionalization; qualifying the evaluation view and the compromise with self-evaluation. This analysis made it possible to identify the living kind nursing teacher who lives in his or her school routine the students evaluation in the context of forming the nursing technician, as it embraces the feeling of concerning by the way schools have evaluated students; socializing with their peers the distress of evaluating andsharing positive experiences; searching for chances of dialogues with freedom of speech and greater welcoming in their school work and evaluating the work itself represented by their living experiences in a world full of evaluation. This study revealed that there is a great need of evaluation to be positive for both the student and the teacher. And also as a teacher, its necessary to reflect on evaluation as a process and not just as a result. Teachers focused that, by having awareness of a formation evaluation, integrated with basis on the dialectic methodological assumptions, makes sense to the development of their educational practices.

Apreciaçäo crítica do uso da estatística na epidemiologia; oficina de trabalho / Critical analysis of the statistical use in epidemiology; workshop

Analisa o estado atual das interrelaçöes da estatística e epidemiologia, no contexto brasileiro oferecendo sugestöes que contribuem para o aprimoramento dessas relaçöes (AMSB)