Outcomes and clinical characteristics of the compassionate use of plitidepsin in COVID-19 patients with solid tumours, haematological malignancies or anti-CD20 antibody treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of plitidepsin antiviral treatment in immunocompromised COVID-19 patients with underlying haematological malignancies or solid tumours, particularly those who have undergone anti-CD20 therapies. DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective observational study, involving 54 adults treated with plitidepsin on compassionate use as an antiviral drug. Our analysis compared outcomes between patients with solid tumours and those with haematological malignancies, and a cohort of cases treated or not with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Patients with a history of anti-CD20 therapies showed a prolonged time-to-negative RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to non-treated patients (33 d (28;75) vs 15 (11;25); p = .002). Similar results were observed in patients with solid tumours in comparison to those with haematological malignancies (13 (10;16) vs 26 (17;50); p < .001). No serious adverse events were documented. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with haematological malignancies appear to be at a heightened risk for delayed SARS-CoV-2 clearance and subsequent clinical complications. These findings support plitidepsin as a well-tolerated treatment in this high-risk group. A phase II clinical trial (NCT05705167) is ongoing to evaluate plitidepsin as an antiviral drug in this population.KEY POINTSHaematological patients face an increased risk for severe COVID-19.Anti-CD20 therapies could increase fatal outcomes in COVID-19 patients.Persistent viral replication is increased in immunocompromised patients.Plitidepsin does not lead to new serious adverse events in immunocompromised patients.

Corrigendum: Validation of the neuroconnective endophenotype questionnaire (NEQ): a new clinical tool for medicine and psychiatry resulting from the contribution of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1039223.].

Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma with Leptomeningeal Spread and a Fatal Outcome: A Rare Case Report with MDM2 and EGFR Alterations.

Hemangioblastoma (HB) is a Central Nervous System (CNS) tumor with a generally favorable behavior and prognosis, classified as WHO grade 1. Sporadic HB is not related to any inherited disease, and it usually appears in a single location. Sporadic or VHL-related HBs show variable patterns of growth velocity. Cases of growing HB can cause mild symptoms such as headache, but some cases develop serious complications such as accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain with secondary neurological damage sometimes being irreversible when early treatment is not started. Our case showed some clinical characteristics more frequently observed in VHL-related HB rather than sporadic HB, and the presence of alterations in MDM2 and EGFR that could be related to the oncogenesis of these tumors. Even when the treatment of choice for HB is surgery, the presence of these genetic alterations could open a new window for research aimed at assessing the possibility of new therapies with TKIs-EGFR and anti-MDM2 inhibitors in those HB cases with multifocal recurrences or cases with an adverse clinical behavior.

Hoarding behaviour: special features and complications in real-world clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE: Hoarding behaviour is a common but poorly characterised problem in real-world clinical practice. Although hoarding behaviour is the key component of Hoarding Disorder (HD), there are people who exhibit hoarding behaviour but do not suffer from HD. The aim of the present study was to characterise a clinical sample of patients with clinically relevant hoarding behaviour and evaluate the differential characteristics between patients with and without HD. METHODS: This study included patients who received treatment at the home visitation program in Barcelona (Spain) from January 2013 through December 2020, and scored ≥ 4 on the Clutter Image Rating scale. Sociodemographic, DSM-5 diagnosis, clinical data and differences between patients with and without an HD diagnosis were assessed. RESULTS: A total of 243 subjects were included. Hoarding behaviour had been unnoticed in its early stages and the median length in the sample was 10 years (IQR 15). 100% of the cases had hoarding-related complications. HD was the most common diagnosis in 117 patients (48.1%). CONCLUSIONS: The study found several differential characteristics between patients with and without HD diagnosis. Alcohol use disorder could play an important role among those without HD diagnosis. Home visitation programs could improve earlier detection, preventing hoarding-related complications.

SEOM-GEINO clinical guidelines for high-grade gliomas of adulthood (2022)

High-grade gliomas (HGG) are the most common primary brain malignancies and account for more than half of all malignant primary brain tumors. The new 2021 WHO classification divides adult HGG into four subtypes: grade 3 oligodendroglioma (1p/19 codeleted, IDH-mutant); grade 3 IDH-mutant astrocytoma; grade 4 IDH-mutant astrocytoma, and grade 4 IDH wild-type glioblastoma (GB). Radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CTX) are the current standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed HGG. Several clinically relevant molecular markers that assist in diagnosis and prognosis have recently been identified. The treatment for recurrent high-grade gliomas is not well defined and decision-making is usually based on prior strategies, as well as several clinical and radiological factors. Whereas the prognosis for GB is grim (5-year survival rate of 5–10%) outcomes for the other high-grade gliomas are typically better, depending on the molecular features of the tumor. The presence of neurological deficits and seizures can significantly impact quality of life (AU)

SEOM-GEINO clinical guidelines for high-grade gliomas of adulthood (2022).

High-grade gliomas (HGG) are the most common primary brain malignancies and account for more than half of all malignant primary brain tumors. The new 2021 WHO classification divides adult HGG into four subtypes: grade 3 oligodendroglioma (1p/19 codeleted, IDH-mutant); grade 3 IDH-mutant astrocytoma; grade 4 IDH-mutant astrocytoma, and grade 4 IDH wild-type glioblastoma (GB). Radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CTX) are the current standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed HGG. Several clinically relevant molecular markers that assist in diagnosis and prognosis have recently been identified. The treatment for recurrent high-grade gliomas is not well defined and decision-making is usually based on prior strategies, as well as several clinical and radiological factors. Whereas the prognosis for GB is grim (5-year survival rate of 5-10%) outcomes for the other high-grade gliomas are typically better, depending on the molecular features of the tumor. The presence of neurological deficits and seizures can significantly impact quality of life.

Validation of the neuroconnective endophenotype questionnaire (NEQ): a new clinical tool for medicine and psychiatry resulting from the contribution of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Introduction: The link between anxiety disorders and joint hypermobility syndrome (now under hypermobility spectrum disorders, which include hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) has been widely replicated over the past 30 years and has grown beyond the initial nosological limits. To integrate clinical and research progress in this field, a new neuroconnective endophenotype (NE) and its corresponding instrument, the Neuroconnective Endophenotype Questionnaire (NEQ), have been developed. This new clinical construct, created with the active participation of patients, includes both somatic and psychological dimensions and symptoms and resilience items. Methods: The NE includes five dimensions: (1) sensorial sensitivity, (2) body signs and symptoms, (3) somatic conditions, (4) polar behavioral strategies, and (5) psychological and psychopathological dimensions. The NEQ information is collected through four self-administered questionnaires (sensorial sensitivity, body signs and symptoms, polar behavioral strategies, and psychological characteristics) and a structured diagnostic part that should be completed by a trained observer. This hetero-administered part incorporates (a) psychiatric diagnoses (using structured criteria, e.g., MINI), (b) somatic disorders diagnosis, using structured criteria, and (c) assessment of joint hypermobility criteria. Results: In a sample of 36 anxiety cases with 36 matched controls, the NEQ obtained high scores for test-retest, inter-rater reliability, and internal consistency. As for predictive validity, cases and controls significantly differed in all five dimensions and hypermobility measurements. Discussion: We can conclude that the NEQ has achieved acceptable reliability and validity values and, therefore, is ready to be used and tested in different samples. This original and consistent construct including somatic and mental items may improve clinical specificity, the search for more comprehensive therapies, and their genetic and neuroimaging bases.

Burden and satisfaction experienced in relatives and patients during home hospitalisation in psychiatry.

The role of caregivers is essential during home hospitalization since they act as co-therapists, being the level of responsibility experienced by them higher than usual.

Sobrecarga experimentada y satisfacción en familiares y pacientes durante una hospitalización domiciliaria en psiquiatría / Burden and satisfaction experienced in relatives and patients during home hospitalisation in psychiatry

Introducción: El rol de los cuidadores es esencial durantela hospitalización domiciliaria ya que ejercen de coterapeutas,siendo el nivel de responsabilidad que experimentan mayora la habitual. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar lasobrecarga experimentada en los cuidadores principalesy también determinar el nivel de satisfacción percibida enlos cuidadores principales y en los pacientes atendidos ennuestra unidad de hospitalización domiciliaria (HADMar).Metodología. Estudio prospectivo observacional. Se hanincluido todos los pacientes que han ingresado en HADMarentre mayo de 2020 y abril de 2021. Se han recogido datossocio-demográficos y clínicos de la muestra. Para evaluar elgrado de sobrecarga se ha utilizado la escala de Zarit al finaldel ingreso en los cuidadores principales. Para determinar lasatisfacción percibida se ha administrado la escala CRES-4 alfinal del ingreso tanto a los cuidadores como a los pacientesatendidos.Resultados. 182 pacientes han sido atendidos. Del total,144 cuidadores principales han respondido la escala de Zarit,siendo la puntuación media de 49,59 (correspondiente asobrecarga ligera). 152 cuidadores han respondido la escalaCRES-4, obteniendo una puntuación media de 241,75 (sobreun máximo posible de 300). 158 pacientes han respondido laescala CRES-4 y la puntuación media ha sido 242,57. (AU)

Introduction: The role of caregivers is essential duringhome hospitalization since they act as co-therapists, beingthe level of responsibility experienced by them higher thanusual. The objective of this study is to evaluate the burdenexperienced in the main caregivers and also to determine thelevel of satisfaction perceived in the main caregivers and in thepatients attended in our home hospitalization unit (HADMar).Methodology. Prospective observational study. Allpatients admitted to HADMar between May 2020 and April2021 have been included. Socio-demographic and clinicaldata have been collected from the sample. To assess thedegree of burden, the Zarit scale was used at the end ofadmission in the main caregivers. To determine the perceivedsatisfaction, the CRES-4 scale was administered at the end ofadmission to both the caregivers and the patients attended.Results. 182 patients have been attended. Of them, 144main caregivers answered the Zarit scale, being the meanscore 49.59 (corresponding to mild burden). 152 caregivers answered the CRES-4 scale, obtaining a mean score of241.75 (out of a possible maximum of 300). 158 patientsanswered the CRES-4 scale and the mean score was 242.57. (AU)

How Relevant Is the Place Where First-Year College Students Live in Relation to the Increase in Body Mass Index?

(1) Objective: This study analyzes the evolution of the body mass index (BMI) throughout the academic year associated with changes in the lifestyle associated with the place where students live during the course, lifestyle design, and health strategies for the university community. (2) Methods: A total of 93 first-year nursing students participated in this study. Data were collected throughout the course by administering self-reported questionnaires about eating habits and lifestyles, weight, and height to calculate their BMI and place of residence throughout the course. Data were analyzed using statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney, chi-square, Student's t-test, repeated-measures analysis of variance, and least significant difference tests). (3) Results: We found that the mean BMI increases significantly throughout the course among all students regardless of sex, age, eating habits, or where they live during the course. At the beginning of the course, the mean BMI was 22.10 ± 3.64. The mean difference between the beginning of the course and the middle has a value of p-value < 0.015 and between the middle of the course and the end a p-value < 0.009. The group that increased the most is found among students who continue to live in the family nucleus rather than those who live alone or in residence. Students significantly changed their eating and health habits, especially those who live alone or in residence. (4) Conclusions: There is an increase in BMI among students. It is necessary to carry out seminars or talks that can help students understand the importance of good eating practices and healthy habits to maintain their weight and, therefore, their health, in the short, medium, and long term and acquire a good quality of life.

Unidad de hospitalización domiciliaria en Barcelona: resultados clínicos y funcionales después de tres años de experiencia / No disponible

No disponible

Estado nutricional de una población escolar en España y su relación con hábitos de alimentación y actividad física / Nutritional status of a school population in Spain and its relationship to eating habits and physical activity

La obesidad infantil ha incrementado su prevalencia en España, y aunque se considera un problema multifactorial, es atribuible principalmente al aumento de la ingesta y la disminución de la actividad física por un ocio sedentario mayor. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad infantil en la Zona Básica de Salud (ZBS) de Menasalbas (Toledo, España), y la influencia de los hábitos alimentarios, de actividad física y deporte, y de ocio sedentario. Se realizó un estudio transversal en la población escolarizada de 3 a 12 años de la ZBS de Menasalbas, tomando medidas de peso y talla a 725 menores, calculando su IMC y clasificando su estado ponderal según las tablas de Cole. También se recogieron datos referentes a sus hábitos alimentarios y cuestionario Kidmed de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea, y hábitos de actividad física y ocio sedentario, para estudiar su relación con el estado ponderal de los menores. La prevalencia de sobrecarga ponderal (suma de prevalencias de sobrepeso y obesidad) fue del 24,9%, con un 18,8% de sobrepeso y un 6,1% de obesidad, sin diferencias por edad y sexo. No se observaron diferencias respecto a los hábitos alimentarios, pero si una menor actividad física y un mayor ocio sedentario en aquellos con sobrecarga ponderal. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en nuestra población es elevada, aunque menor a las de otros trabajos. La alimentación, la actividad física y el ocio sedentario influenciaron el sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil en este estudio(AU)

Childhood obesity has increased its prevalence in Spain, and although it´s considered a multifactorial problem, it is mainly attributable to increased intake and decreased physical activity due to increased sedentary leisure. The objective of this study was to know the prevalence of overweight and childhood obesity in the Basic Health Zone (ZBS) of Menasalbas (Toledo, Spain), and the influence of eating habits, physical activity and sport, and sedentary entertainment. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the school children of 3 to 12 years of age in the ZBS of Menasalbas, taking weight and height measurements for 725 minors, calculating their BMI and classifying their weight status according to Cole´s tables. Data regarding their eating habits and Kidmed questionnaire of adherence to the mediterranean diet, physical activity habits and sedentary leisure habits were also collected, to study its relationship with the weigh status of minors. The prevalence of weight overload (understood as the sum of the prevalence of overweight and obesity) was 24.9% , with 18.8% overweight and 6.1% of obesity, with no differences by age and sex. No differences were observed regarding eating habits, but less physical activity and a more sedentary leisure in those with weight overload was observed. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in our population is high, although lower than reported in other works. Diet, physical activity and sedentary leisure are confirmed as fundamental aspects in childhood overweight and obesity(AU)

Lesión pretibial izquierda fluctuante postraumática / Post-traumatic fluctuant pretibial wound on the left leg

No disponible

Recomendaciones para la atención del paciente con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad en los Servicios de Urgencias / Recommendations for the care of patients with community-acquired pneumonia in the Emergency Department

La incidencia de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) oscila entre 2-15 casos/1.000 habitantes/año, siendo más elevada en los mayores de 65 años o en pacientes con co-morbilidades. En los servicios de urgencias hospitalarios (SUH) supone hasta el 1,35% de las atenciones. Aproximadamente el 75% de todas las NAC diagnosticadas son atendidas en los SUH. La NAC representa el origen de la mayoría de sepsis y shock sépticos diagnosticados en los SUH, la principal causa de muerte y de ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) por enfermedad infecciosa. Se le atribuye una mortalidad global del 10-14% según la edad y factores de riesgo asociados. El 40-60% de las NAC requerirán ingreso hospitalario, incluyendo las áreas de observación (con rangos muy variables del 22-65% según centros, época del año y características de los pacientes), y de ellos entre el 2-10% será en la UCI. De todo lo dicho se traduce la importancia que tiene la NAC en los SUH, y también del "impacto de la atención en urgencias sobre el enfermo con NAC", al ser el dispositivo donde se toman las decisiones iniciales, pero fundamentales, para la evolución del proceso. Es conocida la gran variabilidad entre los clínicos en el manejo de los aspectos diagnóstico-terapéuticos en la NAC, lo que constituye una de las razones que explican las grandes diferencias en las tasas de ingreso, de consecución del diagnóstico microbiológico, solicitud de estudios complementarios, la elección de la pauta antimicrobiana o la diversidad de cuidados aplicados. En este sentido, la implementación de las guías de práctica clínica con el uso de las escalas pronósticas de gravedad y las nuevas herramientas disponibles en los SUH como lo son los biomarcadores pueden mejorar la atención del paciente con NAC en los SUH. Por ello, a partir de un grupo multidisciplinar de profesionales de urgencias y especialistas que participan en el proceso asistencial de la NAC, se ha diseñado esta guía clínica con diversas recomendaciones para las decisiones y momentos clave en proceso de atención del paciente con NAC en Urgencias

The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) ranges from 2-15 cases / 1,000 inhabitants / year, being higher in those older than 65 years and in patients with high co-morbidity. Around 75% of all CAP diagnosed are treated in the Emergency Department (ED). The CAP represents the main cause for sepsis and septic shock in ED, and the most frequent cause of death and admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) due to infectious disease. Overall mortality is 10-14% according to age and associated risk factors. Forty to 60% of CAP will require hospital admission, including observation units (with very variable ranges from 22-65% according to centers, seasonal of the year and patients' characteristics). Between the admissions, 2-10% will be in the ICU. All of previously mentioned reflects the importance of the CAP in the ED, as well as the "impact of the emergency care on the patient with CAP", as it is the establishment where the initial, but key decisions, are made and could condition the outcome of the illness. It is known the great variability among physicians in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of CAP, which is one of the reasons that explains the great differences in the admission rates, achievement of the microbiological diagnosis, request for complementary studies, the choice of antimicrobial treatment, or the diversity of applied care. In this sense, the implementation of clinical practice guidelines with the use of the severity scores and the new tools available, such as biomarkers, can improve patient care with CAP in ED. Therefore, a multidisciplinary group of emergency professionals and specialists involved in the care process of CAP has designed a guideline with several recommendations for decisions-making during the key moments in patients with CAP attended in the ED

Brief Report: Translation and Adaptation of the Theory of Mind Inventory to Spanish.

The Theory of Mind Inventory is an informant measure designed to evaluate children's theory of mind competence. We describe the translation and cultural adaptation of the inventory by the following process: (1) translation from English to Spanish by two independent certified translators; (2) production of an agreed version by a multidisciplinary committee of experts; (3) back-translation to English of the agreed version by an independent translator; (4) discussion of the semantic, idiomatic, and cultural equivalence of the final version; (5) elaboration of the final test; (6) pilot test on 24 representatives of the autism spectrum disorders population and 24 representatives of typically developing children. The steps were conducted satisfactorily, producing the final version in Spanish, which showed good psychometric properties.

Prevalencia de Violencia de Género en mujeres que acuden a consultas de Atención Primaria / Prevalence of gender violence in women who attend primary care centres

Objetivos. Conocer qué proporción de las mujeres que consultan en atención primaria sufren situaciones de violencia doméstica, así como las características clínicas y sociodemográficas asoiadas. Diseño. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal. Emplazamiento. Consultas de atención primaria rurales y urbanas. Participantes. Muestreo consecutivo de mujeres de 18 o más años, con pareja sentimental actual o que hubiesen tenido pareja en el pasado. Mediciones y resultados principales. Se diseñó un cuestionario que incluía variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes patológicos y de consumo de tóxicos, respuesta a la versión abreviada del Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST), asi como un cuestionario autoadministrable sobre situaciones de abuso. Un 26,2% (IC 95%: 21,7-31,1%) presentó un resultado positivo del WAST y 25,9 % (IC95%: 21,3-30,9%) admitió situaciones de abuso, físico, emocional o sexual, actual (11,7%)o pasado (17,4%). La concordancia en las respuestas a ambos cuestionarios fue baja(Kappa: 0,53).Mediante análisis de regresión logística se encontró que el modelo que mejor predice la existencia de abuso incluye las variables etnia (OR: 0,14 -IC 95%: 0,06-0,34- para las “caucásicas españolas”) y estado civil (OR: 0,10 -IC95%: 0,04-0,24- y OR: 0,09 -IC95%: 0,04-0,21- para solteras/viudas y casadas/pareja estable, respectivamente, comparado con el grupo de separadas/divorciadas).Conclusiones: Una elevada proporción de mujeres que consultan en atención primaria han sufrido situaciones de violencia en el ámbito doméstico. Además de la sospecha clínica, es necesario disponer de algún instrumento de cribado o detección precoz para el diagnóstico de violencia contra la mujer (AU)

Objectives. To determine what percentage of women who attend primary care clinics suffer domestic violence and the women’s associated clinical and socio-demographic characteristics. Design. Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study. Setting. Rural and urban primary care centers. Participants. Consecutive sample of woman aged 18 years or over, who has a partner or had a partner in the past. Meaurements and main results. A questionnaire was designed that included socio-demographic variables, disease history and history of substance abuse. The short version of the Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST), and a self-administered questionnaire on abuse situations were also used. Twenty six point two percent (95% CI: 21.7-31.1%) had a positive WAST result and 25.9 %(95% CI: 21.3-30.9%) admitted to physical, emotional and sexual abuse by their partner at the present time (11.7%) or in the past (17.4%) The concordance of the responses to the two questionnaires was low (Kappa: 0.53).Logistic regression analysis revealed that the model that best predicts the existence of abuse included ethnic variables (OR: 0.14 -95%CI: 0.06-0.34- for “Spanish Caucasian women”)and marital status (OR: 0.10 -95%CI: 0.04-0.24- and OR: 0.09 -95%CI: 0.04-0.21- for single women/widows and married women/stable partner, respectively, compared with the separated/divorced group).Conclusions: A high percentage of women who attend primary care centres have suffered domestic violence. In addition to clinical suspicion a screening or early detection tool is needed in order to diagnose domestic violence (AU)