Correction to: Predictive and prognostic clinical and pathological factors of nivolumab efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer patients.

Clinical and Translational Oncology.

Predictive and prognostic clinical and pathological factors of nivolumab efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy increases overall response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Prognostic and predictive factors are a high need. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of NSCLC patients treated with nivolumab was performed. Analyzed variables included age, sex, stage, performance status (PS), location of metastases, presence of tumour-related symptoms and comorbidities, number of metastasis locations, previous chemotherapy, anti-angiogenic and radiotherapy treatments, and analytical data from the standard blood count and biochemistry. RESULTS: A total of 175 patients were included. Median age was 61.5 years, 73.1% were men, 77.7% were ECOG-PS 0-1, and 86.7% were included with stage IV disease. Histology was non-squamous in 77.1%. Sixty-five received nivolumab in second line (37.1%). Thirty-eight patients had brain metastasis (22%), and 39 (22.3%) liver metastasis and 126 (72%) had more than one metastatic location. The ORR was 15.7% with median Progression free survival (PFS) 2.8 months and median OS 5.81 months. Stage III vs IV and time since the beginning of the previous line of treatment ≥ 6 vs < 6 months were associated with better response. PS 2, time since the previous line of treatment < 6 vs ≥ 6 months, and more than one metastatic location were independently associated with shorter OS in multivariable analysis (7.8 vs 2.7 months, 11.2 vs 4.6 months, and 9.4 vs 5.1 month). Finally, time since the previous treatment < 6 vs ≥ 6 months and more than one metastatic location were independently associated with shorter PFS in multivariable analysis (4.3 vs 2.3 months and 4.7 vs 2.3 months). CONCLUSION: Poor PS, short period of time since the previous treatment, and more than one metastatic location were associated with poorer prognostic.

Subcutaneous trastuzumab: drug development and current position.

HER2-positive breast cancer, accounting for 15 % of the total breast cancer patient population, carries in itself a bad prognosis, which has now become much better after the advent of anti-HER2 drugs. HER2-targeted therapy has significantly improved disease free- and overall survival in HER2-positive breast cancer, and has rendered better disease control both in the early and advanced disease setting. Trastuzumab treatment duration is often prolonged and poses significant time and resource challenges both on the treatment institutions and on the patient. The recent development of a subcutaneous formulation has meant a significant advance in this respect. We review the drug development of the compound and the current evidence on its use.

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis associated with lung adenocarcinoma.

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) is a rather frequent neoplasic complication, most often occurring in adenocarcinomas of the lung and pancreas. The most frequent clinical manifestation is one of multiple cerebral infarcts, but other ischaemic events can occur. Diagnosis is frequently missed on transthoracic ultrasound, making transoesophagic ultrasound a more reliable diagnostic tool. We present a case of NBTE associated with lung adenocarcinoma.