Duodenal Pseudolipomatosis. Literature review and case report of a very unusual finding.

Pseudolipomatosis (PL) is a rare, benign, iatrogenic condition first described in colorectal mucosa. This condition is thought to arise from gas penetration into the mucosa due to mechanical or chemical injury during endoscopy. Despite these associations and its characteristic appearence, the definitive pathogenesis remains unclear and it continues to be underrecognized by some pathologists and endoscopists, which is crucial to avoid any further unnecessary treatments. Immunohistochemistry techniques play a role in differentiating PL from similar conditions such as cystic intestinal pneumatosis, intestinal lipomatosis, or lymphangiectasia. A 70-year-old man with a family history of colon adenocarcinoma was diagnosed with duodenal pseudolipomatosis after a routine endoscopic assessment. To the best of our knowledge, there have been only two reports of PL diagnosed in the duodenum. A review of over 500 duodenal biopsies at our centre revealed that no other instances were identified, emphasizing the unusual occurrence of this particular location.

Sarcoidosis cardíaca como causa muy infrecuente de muerte súbita en pacientes jóvenes asintomáticos / Cardiac sarcoidosis as an infrequent cause of sudden death in asymptomatic young patients

La afectación cardíaca en la sarcoidosis ha sido descrita tanto en presencia de síntomas como en su ausencia. Este trabajo ayuda a comprender la sarcoidosis y su presentación clínico-morfológica. Presentamos dos pacientes jóvenes (37 y 27años), con muerte súbita, a quienes se les realizó la autopsia completa con estudio toxicológico. El hombre de 37años presentaba una sarcoidosis pulmonar generalizada, en ganglios mediastínicos y granulomas sarcoideos intramiocárdicos en el ventrículo izquierdo, que producían un espesor de pared de 14mm. Esto derivó en una miocardiopatía dilatada secundaria que debutó como muerte súbita. El segundo caso, un varón de 27años, presentaba sarcoidosis con importante afectación pulmonar y mediastínica. La presencia de granulomas en el tabique cardíaco sobre un fondo fibrótico podría ser el origen de un mecanismo arritmogénico de muerte súbita. La autopsia clásica y el examen del sistema de conducción cardíaco son cruciales en la muerte súbita.(AU)

Cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis has been described in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The aim of this report is to further the understanding of sarcoidosis and its clinical presentation. We report the autopsy and toxicology results of two cases of sudden death in young men. A 37-year-old male had generalized sarcoidosis, in mediastinal glands and intramyocardial sarcoid granulomas in the left ventricle, which had caused a 14mm thickening of the ventricular wall and a secondary dilated myocardiopathy causing sudden death. A 27-year-old male had extensive sarcoidosis of the lungs and mediastinum. Granulomas with a fibrotic background were found in the cardiac wall which could have originated an arrhythmogenic mechanism causing sudden death. Post-mortem study including careful examination of cardiac conduction pathways are vital to ascertain the cause of sudden death.(AU)

[Cardiac sarcoidosis as an infrequent cause of sudden death in asymptomatic young patients]. / Sarcoidosis cardíaca como causa muy infrecuente de muerte súbita en pacientes jóvenes asintomáticos.

Cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis has been described in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The aim of this report is to further the understanding of sarcoidosis and its clinical presentation. We report the autopsy and toxicology results of two cases of sudden death in young men. A 37-year-old male had generalized sarcoidosis, in mediastinal glands and intramyocardial sarcoid granulomas in the left ventricle, which had caused a 14mm thickening of the ventricular wall and a secondary dilated myocardiopathy causing sudden death. A 27-year-old male had extensive sarcoidosis of the lungs and mediastinum. Granulomas with a fibrotic background were found in the cardiac wall which could have originated an arrhythmogenic mechanism causing sudden death. Post-mortem study including careful examination of cardiac conduction pathways are vital to ascertain the cause of sudden death.

Viruela del mono con afectación de conductos ecrinos / Monkeypox with eccrine duct involvement

La viruela del mono (VDM) se había considerado históricamente una enfermedad zoonótica relegada a áreas donde existe un reservorio animal concreto, con limitada capacidad para propagarse entre humanos. Sin embargo, el estudio de esta enfermedad ha cobrado una reciente actualidad por el aumento creciente de su incidencia en áreas no endémicas, así como la objetivación de la transmisibilidad entre personas. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 27años con lesiones cutáneas y úlceras perianales sugestivas de infección viral en el que se confirmó la infección por virus de la VDM mediante PCR. En el estudio histológico de las lesiones ulceradas perianales encontramos el patrón general de esta infección viral, que se discute en este artículo, junto a sus posibles diagnósticos diferenciales, y un hallazgo característico, que es la afectación de las glándulas ecrinas. Este hallazgo puede orientar el diagnóstico histológico de lesiones cutáneas ulceradas en el contexto clínico de sospecha de VDM.(AU)

Monkeypox was historically considered a zoonotic disease restricted to areas with an animal reservoir and with limited possibilities of human transmission. However, the recent increase in incidence in non-endemic areas, together with the demonstration of human transmission, has led to more attention being paid to this disease. We present the case of a 27-year-old man with cutaneous lesions and perianal ulcers, clinically suggestive of a viral disease. Monkeypox was demonstrated with PCR analysis. The histological features and differential diagnoses of monkeypox are discussed and the characteristic histopathological pattern of eccrine gland epithelium is described which, if found in an ulcerated lesion, should raise suspicion of monkeypox.(AU)

[Monkeypox with eccrine duct involvement]. / Viruela del mono con afectación de conductos ecrinos.

Monkeypox was historically considered a zoonotic disease restricted to areas with an animal reservoir and with limited possibilities of human transmission. However, the recent increase in incidence in non-endemic areas, together with the demonstration of human transmission, has led to more attention being paid to this disease. We present the case of a 27-year-old man with cutaneous lesions and perianal ulcers, clinically suggestive of a viral disease. Monkeypox was demonstrated with PCR analysis. The histological features and differential diagnoses of monkeypox are discussed and the characteristic histopathological pattern of eccrine gland epithelium is described which, if found in an ulcerated lesion, should raise suspicion of monkeypox.