Defects Identification and Effects of Annealing on Lu2(1-x)Y2xSiO5 (LYSO) Single Crystals for Scintillation Application.

The nature, properties and relative concentrations of electronic defects were investigated by Thermoluminescence (TL) in Lu2(1-x)Y2xSiO5 (LYSO) single crystals. Ce and Tb-doped single crystals, grown by the Czochralski technique (CZ), revealed similar traps in TL. LYSO:Ce single crystals were grown by the Floating-Zone technique (FZ) with increasing oxygen concentration in the growth atmosphere. TL intensity is strongly dependent on the oxygen content of the material, and oxygen vacancies are proven to be the main electronic defects in LYSO. The effects of oxidizing and reducing annealing post-treatment on these defects were investigated. While oxidizing treatments efficiently reduce the amount of electronic defects, reducing treatments increase the amount of existing traps. In a thermally assisted tunneling mechanism, the localization of oxygen vacancies around the dopant is discussed. They are shown to be in the close vicinity of the dopant, though not in first neighbor positions.

Phosphinites derived from the 7-phosphanorbornene skeleton: first results in asymmetric catalysis.

[structure: see text] The bisphosphinite 4 incorporating two 7-phosphanorbornene subunits is an efficient ligand for the Rh-catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation of functional alkenes in terms of rate and enantioselectivity. This type of structures is readily accessible by [4 + 2] cycloaddition of phospholes with dienophilic alkenes and can be easily fine-tuned.