Atypical presentation of histoplasmosis in an immunocompromised patient.

We present a case of disseminated cutaneous histoplasmosis in a male patient, rural worker, HIV positive for 20 years, with a history of irregular use of antiretroviral therapy, T cell counts below 50 cells/mm3 and with good response to treatment with Itraconazole. We highlight importance of skin lesions in clarifying early diagnosis, since this co-infection often leads patients to death.

Wolf's isotopic response, presenting as lichen planus.

The term "Wolf's isotopic response" describes the occurrence of a new skin disorder at the site of another unrelated and already healed skin disease. In most cases, herpes zoster is the inicial disease. Different disorders may develop on the same site, most commonly granulomatous and lichenoid reactions, infiltration of hematologic diseases, skin tumors and infections. There are few related cases of lichen planus presenting as isotopic response. We report a case of a 74 year-old woman, with multiple itchy, rose-colored and shiny papules that developed at site of previously healed herpes zoster, on the right arm and shoulder. The pathogenesis of this phenomenon is still unknown and further studies are needed.

Lichen planus pigmentosus inversus.

Twenty-five year old male patient presenting with asymptomatic brown spots, on cervical, axillary, inguinal and popliteal regions, for the last nine months. Pathological examination showed hydropic degeneration of the basal layer, pigmentary incontinence and moderate inflammatory lymphocytic infiltrate in the dermis. Lichen planus pigmentosus inversus is a rare subtype of lichen planus characterized by hyperchromic, asymptomatic or mildly pruritic macules, measuring from millimeters to centimeters in diameter, with defined borders, affecting intertriginous areas, most commonly in the axillae and groin of Caucasian patients. It presents unique lichenoid histology. We report a case with typical clinical features, histology and evolution.

Escleredema de Buschke associado ao diabetes melito tipo 2: relato de caso e revisão da literatura / Scleredema of Buschke associated with diabetes mellitus type 2: case report and review of the literature

Escleredema de Buschke (EB) é doença rara de tecido conjuntivo, caracterizada por endurecimento não depressível da pele. De etiologia desconhecida, pode estar associada com infecções bacterianas ou virais, alterações hematológicas e diabetes melito (DM). Em metade dos casos publicados de EB, há associação com DM. As características mais comuns nesses pacientes são: adultos do sexo masculino, DM de longa duração, mal controle metabólico e presença de complicações específicas do DM. O exame histopatológico revela aumento da espessura da derme, com fibras de colágeno alargadas e separadas por espaços não corados, os quais cor-respondem a depósitos de mucopolissacarídeos. Consequências clínicas incluem: diminuição da motilidade dos ombros e comprometimento da função respiratória. Diversos tratamentos são propostos na literatura, porém com resultados inconstantes. Relata-se caso de EB em paciente diabético tipo 2.

Scleredema of Buschke (SB) is a rare disorder of connective tissue, characterized by hardening of the skin. Of unknown etiology, it may be associated with viral or bacterial infections, hematological alterations and diabetes mellitus (DM). In half of the reported cases of SB, there is association with DM. The most common characteristics among these patients are: being male adults, having long-term DM, bad metabolic control and presence of specific complications of DM. The histopathological examination shows dermal thickening, with widened collagen fibers separated by non-colored spots, which correspond to mucopolysaccharides deposits. The clinical consequences are: decrease in motility of the shoulders and an impairment of respiratory function. Several treatments are suggested in the literature, but with inconstant results. A case of SB is reported in a type 2 diabetes patient.

[Familial clinical manifestation in patients with neuromesoectodermic defect]. / Manifestação clínica familiar em pacientes com defeito neuromesoectodérmico.

We relate the association of two distinct cases of neuromesoectodermosis occurred in a family, one manifested as neurofibromatosis type 1 and the other as tuberous sclerosis. The two anomalies at cousins, caused by different genetic mutations and transmitted by autosomal dominant inheritance, suggest a possible relation between them. Also, clinical manifestations are described, their consequences and the diagnostic criteria of both illnesses, emphasizing the importance of the precocious diagnosis.