RESUMEN
There is a growing trend of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in veterinary medicine, with the potential to assist veterinarians in clinical decisions. A commercially available, AI-based software program (AISP) for detecting common radiographic dental pathologies in dogs and cats was assessed for agreement with two human evaluators. Furcation bone loss, periapical lucency, resorptive lesion, retained tooth root, attachment (alveolar bone) loss and tooth fracture were assessed. The AISP does not attempt to diagnose or provide treatment recommendations, nor has it been trained to identify other types of radiographic pathology. Inter-rater reliability for detecting pathologies was measured by absolute percent agreement and Gwet's agreement coefficient. There was good to excellent inter-rater reliability among all raters, suggesting the AISP performs similarly at detecting the specified pathologies compared to human evaluators. Sensitivity and specificity for the AISP were assessed using human evaluators as the reference standard. The results revealed a trend of low sensitivity and high specificity, suggesting the AISP may produce a high rate of false negatives and may not be a good tool for initial screening. However, the low rate of false positives produced by the AISP suggests it may be beneficial as a "second set of eyes" because if it detects the specific pathology, there is a high likelihood that the pathology is present. With an understanding of the AISP, as an aid and not a substitute for veterinarians, the technology may increase dental radiography utilization and diagnostic potential.
RESUMEN
A retrospective study was conducted to determine the outcome of endodontic treatment of incisor teeth in dogs. Medical and dental records from four private veterinary specialty practices over an 8-year period (2013-2021) were reviewed. Forty-five incisor teeth from 41 dogs with ages from 1 to 11-years-old were included in the study. The indications for endodontic treatment were complicated crown fracture in 23 incisors (51.1%), non-vital tooth in 15 incisors (33.3%) and complicated crown-root fracture in seven incisors (15.5%). Evaluation criteria included availability of complete medical and dental records, patient demographics, and at least one follow-up visit as recent as 6 months after the initial root canal therapy. Endodontic treatment outcome was defined as successful, no evidence of failure, or failure. Root canal therapy was successful in 42 teeth (93.3%), no evidence of failure was found in three teeth (6.6%), and none of the cases showed failure of the treatment. Duration of follow-up ranged from 6 to 64 months. Only three variables appeared to have statistical significance: presence of preoperative periapical lucency (PAL) (P = .01), postoperative PAL (P < .001) and postoperative external inflammatory root resorption (P = .014). Based on this study, following "loose criteria" (success and no evidence of failure combined), 100% of the treatments were successful, making this option an excellent therapy choice in a veterinary specialty dentistry practice.
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Incisivo , Tratamiento del Conducto Radicular , Humanos , Perros , Animales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Radiografía , Tratamiento del Conducto Radicular/veterinariaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome and effects of single high-dose radiation therapy with the aid of liquid fiducial markers in dogs following resection of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). ANIMALS: 36 client-owned dogs. METHODS: Dogs with a histologic diagnosis of a grade II or III STS that underwent liquid fiducial guided single fraction, 20-Gy stereotactic radiation therapy following surgical excision of an STS between May 2017 and March 2019 were prospectively enrolled in this study. Data collected from the medical records included patient signalment, tumor-related information, treatment details, and outcome. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed for overall survival time (OST) and disease-free interval (DFI). The median OST and DFI were not reached, so restricted mean OST and DFI were also calculated. RESULTS: 36 dogs were included in the study. All dogs underwent radiation therapy a mean of 36.1 days (range, 20 to 59 days) after surgery. Acute and delayed radiation toxicity effects occurred in 80.5% and 36.1% of dogs, respectively, all of which affected the skin. Tumor recurrence was noted in 24.3% of dogs with a median time to recurrence of 272 days (range, 14 to 843 days). The restricted mean OST was 1,556 days (range, 1,383 to 1,728 days) and restricted mean DFI was 1,330 days (range, 1,101 to 1,559 days). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The results of this study showed that administering a single 20-Gy fraction of radiation in combination with a liquid fiducial marker to treat marginally or incompletely resected STS in the absence of gross disease resulted in similar OST and DFI compared to other previously reported radiation protocols.
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Enfermedades de los Perros , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Sarcoma , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos , Perros , Animales , Marcadores Fiduciales/veterinaria , Estudios Retrospectivos , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/veterinaria , Sarcoma/radioterapia , Sarcoma/cirugía , Sarcoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to evaluate the safety of mustargen, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone (MOPP) chemotherapy in the treatment of relapsed or refractory feline lymphoma, and to determine the overall response rate and median remission time with this protocol. METHODS: The medical records of 38 cats with relapsed or refractory lymphoma treated with MOPP chemotherapy at three institutions (University of Pennsylvania, the Animal Medical Center, and VCA Western Veterinary Specialist and Emergency Centre) were examined. Information evaluated included patient signalment, feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukemia virus status, anatomic location(s) of lymphoma, prior protocols (type and number), MOPP doses, MOPP response, remission duration, hematologic and biochemical parameters, and owner-reported adverse effects. RESULTS: Overall, 70.3% of cats responded to MOPP chemotherapy. Among the responders, the median remission duration was 166 days. The most common adverse effects were neutropenia and gastrointestinal upset, which were reported in 18.4% of cats. In 55.3% of cats, no adverse effects were reported. In total, 30.8% of responders continued to respond 6 months following the initiation of MOPP, and 15.4% maintained a response 1 year after starting MOPP. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: MOPP is a safe protocol for the treatment of relapsed or refractory feline lymphoma, with a promising overall response rate and median remission time.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica , Enfermedades de los Gatos/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma , Animales , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Gatos , Linfoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Linfoma/veterinaria , Mecloretamina/efectos adversos , Mecloretamina/uso terapéutico , Prednisona/efectos adversos , Prednisona/uso terapéutico , Procarbazina/efectos adversos , Procarbazina/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vincristina/efectos adversos , Vincristina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Clinically significant hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to the chemotherapy drug L-asparaginase are reported in humans and dogs, but frequency in small animals is not well-defined. This study retrospectively evaluated the frequency of HSR to L-asparaginase given by IM injection to dogs and cats with lymphoid malignancies. The medical records of all dogs and cats treated with at least 1 dose of L-asparaginase chemotherapy over a 5-year period were reviewed. A total of 370 doses of L-asparaginase were administered to the dogs, with 88 of 142 dogs receiving multiple doses, and 6 dogs experiencing an HSR. A total of 197 doses were administered to the cats, with 33 of 68 cats receiving multiple doses, and no cats experiencing an HSR. Hypersensitivity reactions were documented in 4.2% of dogs, and in association with 1.6% of L-asparaginase doses administered. These results show that HSRs occur uncommonly among dogs and cats, even with repeated dosing.
Réactions d'hypersensibilité associées à l'administration de L-asparaginase chez 142 chiens et 68 chats atteints de tumeurs malignes lymphoïdes: 20072012. Des réactions d'hypersensibilité cliniquement significatives (HCS) au médicament de chimiothérapie L-asparaginase sont signalées chez les humains et les chiens, mais leur fréquence chez les petits animaux n'est pas bien définie. Cette étude a évalué rétrospectivement la fréquence des HCS au médicament L-asparaginase administré par injection IM aux chiens et aux chats atteints de tumeurs malignes lymphoïdes. On a examiné les dossiers médicaux de tous les chiens et chats traités avec au moins une dose de chimiothérapie au médicament L-asparaginase pendant une période de 5 ans. Un total de 370 doses de L-asparaginase a été administré aux chiens, 88 des 142 chiens ont reçu des doses multiples et 6 chiens ont manifesté des HCS. Un total de 197 doses ont été administrées aux chats, 33 des 68 chats ont reçu des doses multiples et aucun chat n'a manifesté des HCS. Les HCS ont été documentées chez 4,2 % des chiens et en association avec 1,6 % des doses de L-asparaginase administrées. Ces résultats indiquent que les HCS se produisent rarement chez les chiens et les chats, même avec des doses répétées.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).
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Asparaginasa/efectos adversos , Enfermedades de los Gatos/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades de los Perros/inducido químicamente , Hipersensibilidad a las Drogas/veterinaria , Linfoma/veterinaria , Animales , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Gatos/tratamiento farmacológico , Gatos , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Perros , Doxorrubicina/uso terapéutico , Linfoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Prednisona/uso terapéutico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Vincristina/uso terapéuticoAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de los Labios/veterinaria , Linfoma/veterinaria , Sarcoma de Mastocitos/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Resultado Fatal , Neoplasias de los Labios/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de los Labios/patología , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Linfoma/patología , Masculino , Sarcoma de Mastocitos/diagnóstico , Sarcoma de Mastocitos/patología , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Estadificación de Neoplasias/veterinariaRESUMEN
Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is a valuable tool in human radiation oncology, but information on its use in veterinary medicine is lacking. In this study, 12 dogs with nasal tumors were treated with IMRT at a median radiation dose of 54 Gy. Patient survival times and frequency and severity of side effects on ocular structures, oral mucosa, and skin were recorded. Eight dogs (67%) had resolution of clinical signs during radiation therapy. Median overall survival time was 446 d with a 50% 1-year and a 25% 2-year survival rate. Minimal grade 2 or 3 acute skin toxicity, no grade 2 or 3 late skin toxicity, and no grade 2 or 3 toxicity to oral mucosa or the eye opposite the tumor were identified in the dogs treated with IMRT in this study. The ipsilateral eye could not be routinely spared due to its proximity to the tumor.
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Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Neoplasias Nasales/veterinaria , Radioterapia Conformacional/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Femenino , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Neoplasias Nasales/mortalidad , Neoplasias Nasales/patología , Neoplasias Nasales/radioterapia , Dosificación Radioterapéutica/veterinaria , Radioterapia Conformacional/efectos adversos , Radioterapia Conformacional/métodos , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
A 32-year-old green-winged macaw (Ara chloroptera) was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia based on progressive lymphocytosis and the presence of a monomorphic population of well-differentiated lymphocytes in the bone marrow of a clinically normal bird. Chemotherapy was initiated because of rapidly increasing peripheral lymphocyte counts. In addition to oral prednisone (1 mg/kg once daily), oral chlorambucil (1 mg/kg twice weekly) was initiated but was discontinued after 6 weeks because of thrombocytopenia. The leukocyte count was stabilized for 29 weeks with the concurrent use of oral cyclophosphamide (5 mg/kg 4 d/wk) and daily prednisone, and the bird exhibited a good quality of life. The bird died shortly after the chemotherapy was inadvertently discontinued. The neoplastic cells from this macaw stained positive for CD-3 antibody and negative for Bla.36, suggesting the leukemia was of T-cell origin. This is the first report of long-term treatment of a macaw with cyclophosphamide and documents thrombocytopenia in a macaw secondary to chlorambucil treatment.
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Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de las Aves/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/veterinaria , Loros , Animales , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Esquema de Medicación , Leucemia Linfocítica Crónica de Células B/tratamiento farmacológico , MasculinoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of diets enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on in vivo production of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and platelet-activating factor (PAF) in dogs. ANIMALS: 15 young healthy dogs. PROCEDURES: Dogs were randomly allocated to receive an isocaloric ration supplemented with sunflower oil (n=5), fish oil (5), or fish oil plus vitamin E (5) for 12 weeks. At week 12, in vivo production of inflammatory mediators was evaluated in serum at multiple time points for 6 hours following stimulation with IV administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). RESULTS: Serum activity or concentration (area under the curve) of IL-1, IL-6, and PGE2 significantly increased after LPS injection in all groups but to a lesser extent in dogs receiving the fish oil diet, compared with results for dogs receiving the sunflower oil diet. Serum activity of TNF-alpha and PAF concentration also increased significantly after LPS injection in all groups but did not differ significantly among groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A fish oil-enriched diet consisting of 1.75 g of EPA/kg of diet and 2.2 g of DHA/kg of diet (dry-matter basis) with an n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio of 3.4:1 was associated with significant reductions in serum PGE2 concentrations and IL-1 and IL-6 activities. Results supported the use of EPA- and DHA-enriched diets as part of antiinflammatory treatments for dogs with chronic inflammatory diseases. Additional studies in affected dogs are warranted to further evaluate beneficial anti-inflammatory effects of EPA- and DHA-enriched diets.
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Citocinas/biosíntesis , Ácidos Docosahexaenoicos/administración & dosificación , Perros/inmunología , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/administración & dosificación , Animales , Área Bajo la Curva , Citocinas/sangre , Suplementos Dietéticos , Dinoprostona/biosíntesis , Dinoprostona/sangre , Perros/sangre , Femenino , Interleucina-1/biosíntesis , Interleucina-1/sangre , Interleucina-6/biosíntesis , Interleucina-6/sangre , Masculino , Factor de Activación Plaquetaria/biosíntesis , Distribución Aleatoria , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/biosíntesis , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Vitamina E/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Doxorubicin is a commonly used and effective treatment for a variety of tumors in both people and cats. However, the use of this drug in cats has been associated with side effects such as renal injury, myelosuppression, anorexia, and weight loss. The goal of this study was to compare the toxicities associated with two dosing schemes for doxorubicin in tumor-bearing cats. Group A cats received 1mg/kg of doxorubicin, while group B cats received 25mg/m2 of doxorubicin plus 22ml lactated Ringer's solution per kilogram body weight subcutaneously. Toxicities were evaluated using laboratory data, physical examination, and history, and were graded using a standardized scale and compared between groups. Post-treatment neutrophil counts were significantly lower among cats in group B compared to cats in group A (P< or =0.001), although complete blood counts were not evaluated at identical intervals in all cases. No other significant differences in the type, frequency or severity of clinical or laboratory toxicities were noted between groups, and no episodes of sepsis were recognized in either group. The results of this study suggest that higher doses of doxorubicin may not be associated with an increased risk of toxicity in the cat. Additional studies are still indicated to determine optimal dosing for doxorubicin in this species.
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Anorexia/veterinaria , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Enfermedades de los Gatos/inducido químicamente , Doxorrubicina/uso terapéutico , Animales , Anorexia/inducido químicamente , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/toxicidad , Enfermedades de los Gatos/tratamiento farmacológico , Gatos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Doxorrubicina/efectos adversos , Doxorrubicina/toxicidad , Femenino , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Riñón/patología , Masculino , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/veterinaria , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Pérdida de Peso/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Canine histiocytic neoplasms include cutaneous histiocytoma, as well as localized and disseminated histiocytic sarcoma. These tumors have variable biologic behavior, although the malignant disorders often have a poor prognosis. Immunohistochemistry plays an essential role in differentiating histiocytic tumors from other neoplasias that may have similar histological appearances. This allows a definitive diagnosis to be established and provides a more accurate prediction of prognosis. This article reviews the biologic behavior, diagnosis, and treatment of histiocytic tumors in the dog.
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Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Sarcoma Histiocítico/veterinaria , Histiocitoma/veterinaria , Sarcoma/veterinaria , Animales , Antígenos de Diferenciación , Células Dendríticas/patología , Perros , Histiocitos/patología , Sarcoma Histiocítico/patología , Histiocitoma/patología , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Macrófagos/patología , Sarcoma/patologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Reports of mammary-gland tumors in male dogs are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics of mammary-gland tumors in male dogs. ANIMALS: Eight male dogs diagnosed with mammary-gland tumors. METHODS: Retrospective study. Medical databases from 3 institutions were searched. Medical records were abstracted, and owners and referring veterinarians contacted for follow-up information. Tissues were reviewed for histologic type, and immunohistochemical staining for estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) was performed. RESULTS: Eight dogs with histologically confirmed mammary-gland tumors were included in this retrospective study. Median age at diagnosis was 11.5 years. Four dogs were sexually intact; 4 were neutered. All were purebred. Mammary-gland tumors were incidental findings in 7 of 8 dogs. All dogs were treated with only surgical excision. All but 1 dog had benign epithelial tumors. The dog with the malignant tumor was the only dog to develop possible local recurrence but de novo tumor development cannot be excluded. No dog had evidence of metastatic disease at diagnosis. Based on institutional population data, it was determined that female dogs are 62 times more likely to develop mammary-gland tumors than male dogs (P < .001). Estrogen-receptor expression was strong in the majority of tumors; progesterone-receptor expression, although present in all tumors, was less intense. CONCLUSIONS/CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: This study suggests that mammary-gland tumors in male dogs are rare, usually benign, and surgery alone can provide long-term control in most dogs.
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Neoplasias de la Mama Masculina/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Neoplasias Mamarias Animales/patología , Animales , Neoplasias de la Mama Masculina/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama Masculina/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama Masculina/cirugía , Enfermedades de los Perros/metabolismo , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Inmunohistoquímica/veterinaria , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Neoplasias Mamarias Animales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Mamarias Animales/cirugía , Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Lymphocyte proliferation and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) production of PGE(2) were assayed in 15 healthy dogs fed a basal diet supplemented with either sunflower oil (Group Sunflower oil), sunflower oil and menhaden fish oil (Group Fish oil), or sunflower oil and menhaden fish oil plus alpha-tocopherol acetate for 12 weeks (Group Fish oil + E). Lymphocyte proliferation was determined by a flow cytometric technique utilizing the fluorochrome carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE). The PBMC supernatant PGE(2) concentration was assayed using a competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay. Group Fish oil had a significant decrease in lymphocyte proliferation at week 12. PBMC production of PGE(2) was decreased in all three groups but only significantly reduced in groups receiving fish oil supplementation. Based on these results, this level of fish oil supplementation appears to suppress the lymphoproliferative response in healthy, young dogs but this response can be attenuated by high levels of dietary vitamin E supplementation. Furthermore, fish oil-induced reduction in lymphocyte proliferation appears to manifest through a PGE(2)-independent mechanism and is not associated with increased lipid peroxidation.
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Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Dieta/veterinaria , Perros , Aceites de Pescado/farmacología , Citometría de Flujo/métodos , Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Vitamina E/farmacología , Alimentación Animal , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales , Animales , Suplementos Dietéticos , Dinoprostona/metabolismo , Femenino , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Interleucina-2/metabolismo , Linfocitos/citología , Linfocitos/inmunología , Masculino , Coloración y EtiquetadoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors associated with survival in dogs with nasal carcinomas that did not receive treatment or received only palliative treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 139 dogs with histologically confirmed nasal carcinomas. PROCEDURES: Medical records, computed tomography images, and biopsy specimens of nasal carcinomas were reviewed. Only dogs that were not treated with radiation, surgery, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy and that survived > or = 7 days from the date of diagnosis were included. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival time. Factors potentially associated with survival were compared by use of log-rank and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Multivariable survival analysis was performed by use of the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS: Overall median survival time was 95 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 73 to 113 days; range, 7 to 1,114 days). In dogs with epistaxis, the hazard of dying was 2.3 times that of dogs that did not have epistaxis. Median survival time of 107 dogs with epistaxis was 88 days (95% CI, 65 to 106 days) and that of 32 dogs without epistaxis was 224 days (95% CI, 54 to 467 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The prognosis of dogs with untreated nasal carcinomas is poor. Treatment strategies to improve outcome should be pursued.
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Carcinoma/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Neoplasias Nasales/veterinaria , Animales , Carcinoma/mortalidad , Intervalos de Confianza , Perros , Epistaxis/mortalidad , Epistaxis/veterinaria , Femenino , Masculino , Neoplasias Nasales/mortalidad , Oportunidad Relativa , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
A commercially available, renal failure diet was used to manage suspected renal failure in a 10-week-old Shetland sheepdog puppy. Rickets subsequently developed, possibly from low phosphorous intake and an increased calcium to phosphorus ratio. Decreased dietary calcium in addition to decreased phosphorus may have played a role in decreasing bone mineral density. Lethargy, decreased long bone growth, angular limb deformity, and osteopenia occurred, but these signs resolved within 3 months with nutritional management.
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Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales/fisiología , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/administración & dosificación , Calcio de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Enfermedades de los Perros/dietoterapia , Necesidades Nutricionales , Fósforo Dietético/administración & dosificación , Alimentación Animal , Animales , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/uso terapéutico , Calcio de la Dieta/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades de los Perros/etiología , Perros , Femenino , Fósforo Dietético/uso terapéutico , Insuficiencia Renal/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Renal/dietoterapia , Insuficiencia Renal/veterinaria , Raquitismo/dietoterapia , Raquitismo/etiología , Raquitismo/veterinaria , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Fifteen healthy dogs received a basal diet supplemented with either 12.4 g of sunflower oil, 0.6 g of sunflower oil and 7 g of menhaden fish oil, or 0.6 g of sunflower oil and 7 g of menhaden fish oil plus 0.18 g of alpha-tocopherol acetate for twelve weeks. There was no significant diet effect on platelet aggregation, lipid peroxidation, or standard hematologic and biochemical parameters, with the exception of decreased triglycerides in dogs supplemented with fish oil. These data demonstrate that this level of fish oil supplementation in dogs does not require vitamin E supplementation above recommended dosage and may prove beneficial in the treatment of hyperlipidemia in the dog.
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Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Enfermedades de los Perros/tratamiento farmacológico , Aceites de Pescado/administración & dosificación , Hiperlipidemias/veterinaria , Triglicéridos/sangre , Vitamina E/administración & dosificación , Animales , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Análisis Químico de la Sangre/veterinaria , Grasas Insaturadas en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Grasas Insaturadas en la Dieta/metabolismo , Grasas Insaturadas en la Dieta/farmacología , Suplementos Dietéticos , Perros , Femenino , Aceites de Pescado/metabolismo , Aceites de Pescado/farmacología , Hiperlipidemias/tratamiento farmacológico , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Oxidación-Reducción , Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos de los fármacos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vitamina E/farmacologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognostic factors for survival and tumor recurrence in dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) in the perineal and inguinal regions treated surgically with or without adjunctive radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or both. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 68 dogs. PROCEDURE: Medical records of dogs with histologically confirmed MCTs in the perineal region, inguinal region, or both treated surgically with or without adjunctive radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or both were reviewed. RESULTS: Mean tumor-free interval was 1,635 days (median not reached), and 1- and 2-year tumor-free rates were 79% and 71%, respectively. Median survival time was 1,111 days (mean, 1,223 days), and 1- and 2-year survival rates were 79% and 61%, respectively. Factors that negatively influenced survival time were age at diagnosis, tumor recurrence, and treatment with lomustine. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that dogs with MCTs in the inguinal and perineal regions, if appropriately treated, may have survival times and tumor-free intervals similar to dogs with MCTs in other locations.
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Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Sarcoma de Mastocitos/veterinaria , Neoplasias Cutáneas/veterinaria , Animales , Quimioterapia Adyuvante/veterinaria , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Femenino , Ingle , Masculino , Sarcoma de Mastocitos/mortalidad , Sarcoma de Mastocitos/cirugía , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/veterinaria , Perineo , Pronóstico , Radioterapia Adyuvante/veterinaria , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Cutáneas/cirugía , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The purposes of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of cobalt-60 radiotherapy in the treatment of nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity in dogs and to compare this treatment group to historical controls. Six dogs with histopathologically confirmed nasal cavity nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma were treated with cobalt-60 radiotherapy to a total dose of either 63 Gy or 54 Gy. Overall survival times ranged from 30 days to 330 days, with a median survival time of 165 days. Nasal cavity nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma in the dog is an aggressive tumor that responds poorly to radiotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/veterinaria , Radioisótopos de Cobalto/administración & dosificación , Enfermedades de los Perros/radioterapia , Cavidad Nasal , Neoplasias Nasales/veterinaria , Animales , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/radioterapia , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de los Perros/mortalidad , Perros , Louisiana , Neoplasias Nasales/radioterapia , Radiografía , Dosificación Radioterapéutica/veterinaria , Registros/veterinaria , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the MOPP chemotherapy protocol (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone) as a rescue regimen in dogs with lymphoma. One hundred seventeen dogs that had resistance to previously administered chemotherapy were evaluated. Before treatment with MOPP, all dogs received a median of 6 chemotherapy drugs for a median duration of 213 days. Thirty-one percent (36 of 117) had a complete response (CR) to MOPP for a median of 63 days, and 34% (40 of 117) had a partial response (PR) for a median of 47 days. Sixteen percent (19 of 117) had stable disease (SD) for a median of 33 days. Predictors for response to MOPP were not identified. Gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity occurred in 28% (33 of 117) of the dogs, and 13% (15 dogs) required hospitalization. Five dogs developed septicemia, and 2 died as a result. MOPP was an effective treatment for dogs with resistant lymphoma and was well tolerated by the majority of affected dogs.