[Proteomic saliva assay in patients with COVID-19]. / Proteomnyi analiz slyuny u patsientov s COVID-19.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to perform proteomic saliva assay in order to reveal mechanisms of the oral pathology caused by COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Proteomic analysis was performed to compare saliva proteins profile in healthy individuals (10 samples) and patients with COVID-19 (30 samples). RESULTS: The obtained results of the saliva samples study in patients with COVID-19 indicate activation in the oral tissues the pathways of the cell renewal, apoptosis, DNA exchange processes and chromatin remodelling; there are also marked signs of immune response reactivation and immunostimulation. CONCLUSION: Of all the proteins presented, the saliva of patients with COVID-19 33 proteins have an intersection with GO-annotated proteins of inflammation and epithelial cornification.

[The prevalence and risk of sleep disorders in patients with functional dyspepsia: a meta-analysis]. / Rasprostranennost' i risk narushenii sna u patsientov s funktsional'noi dispepsiei: metaanaliz.

OBJECTIVE: Systematization of data on the incidence and risk of sleep disorders in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Studies were searched in the electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane until October 2020. Publications with detailed descriptive statistics (sample size, number of patients with sleep disorders) were selected for the final analysis, allowing the resulting data to be included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: The final analysis included 10 studies with 7739 people (2354 patients with FD, 5385 controls). The generalized incidence of sleep disturbances in patients with FD was 53.23% (95% CI: 37.738-68.419). There was significant heterogeneity between the results (p<0.0001; I2=98.05%). An association was found between FD and sleep disorders (OR 2.884; 95% CI 2.518-3.304; I2=28.35%) compared with controls. In patients with epigastric pain syndrome (EPS), the generalized incidence of sleep disorders was 40.6% (95% CI 34.267-47.181; I2=0%), with postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) - 51.82% (95% CI 26.479-76.666; I2=94.76%), and at the intersection of EPS and PDS - 51.67% (95% CI 23.497-79.270; I2=95.34%). CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis has demonstrated that sleep disorders are often associated with FD and are observed in about every second patient with this functional gastrointestinal disease. Further research is needed to investigate possible causal relationships between sleep disorders and FD.

Possibilities of therapeutic correction of hyperammonemia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic hepatitis C at the pre-cirrhotic stage.

AIM: Study of the social consequences of cognitive disorders in minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) in patients with chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C and the possibilities of their pharmacological correction with L-ornithine-L-aspartate (LOLA, Hepa-Merz). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group included 60 male patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C, genotype 1 with fibrosis stage F1 according to the METAVIR scale, and presented with MHE. The average age of the patients was 34.2±5.3 years. The control group included 20 healthy men aged 34.1±5.8 years without liver disease. Intermittent treatment with LOLA was given to the study group at 15 g once daily in the morning for 2 months with 2-month off-treatment intervals, with the total treatment duration of 12 months. In the course of treatment, MHE dynamics was assessed using the critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF) test and the number connecting test (NCT), as well as by serum concentrations of ammonium ion. The LOLA efficacy endpoint was the change in the frequency of violations of traffic rules (traffic code). RESULTS: A significant decrease in the concentration of ammonium ion was observed after 5 months of treatment (135.53 and 82.9 µmol/L, p=0.002) and maintained throughout the study. The results of the CFF test significantly improved by the end of the 1st month of LOLA treatment (p=0.008), remaining at the achieved level for 9 months. The NCT parameters reached their minimum values after 5 months (p<0.001) and remained at this level throughout the study. During the study period, the frequency of traffic code violations by participants decreased from 60 to 40% (р=0.03). CONCLUSION: Fractional treatment with LOLA leads to a decrease in the blood concentration of ammonium ion and, consequently, to an improvement in psychometric test results and a decrease in the frequency of traffic code violations. The result achieved can have an impact on the accident rate reduction.

[REAL-TIME PCR IN THE COMPLEX DIAGNOSTICS OF COMBINED PATHOLOGY OF THE PERIODONTIUM AND GASTRO-DUODENAL ZONE].

Biological material of 92 patients (18-85 years old) with different severity chronic periodontitis were analyzed for bacterial pathogen colonization by using Dentofol kit (DNA-technology, Moscow). The cohort included 70 individuals with chronic gastritis, 2 patients with gastric and duodenal ulceration and 20 individuals with no gastric/duodenal pathology. The tight- est association with severity of the chronic periodontitis in the analyzed sub-cohort with the chronic gastritis was found with the prevalence of a complex T. for sythensis/T. denticola. Key contribution of this complex to progression of periodon- titis in males of the eldest group (above 55) was hypothesized. This data essentially differ from published results of other research groups where T. forsythensis and T. denticola were never reported as the principal causative agents of the chronic periodonitis in the gender/age/combined pathology normalized cohorts.

[CLINICAL FEATURE OF NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS, ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC CONSTIPATION].

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: to conduct a comprehensive assessment of features of combined course NASH and functional constipation using laboratory parameters, the data of instrumental methods, indicators of quality of life in comparison with patients with Nash without proven pathology of the intestine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the cross-sectional comparative study involving 102 patients with NASH, among which identified patients with functional constipation, there were formed two groups: study group (patients with NASH and functional constipation) and comparison group (patients with NASH without pathology of the intestine). All patients underwent a comprehensive assessment of laboratory data (markers of cytolysis, cholestasis, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism), results of instrumental methods (hydrogen breath test), quality of life (questionnaire SF-36). RESULTS: All patients with NASH, regardless of the presence of functional bowel pathology was characterized by hyperlipidemia with a tendency to lower HDL and raise LDL with normal levels of triglycerides, fasting hyperglycemia, increased postprandial glucose, glycated hemoglobin and HOMA--IR higher than normal values and the availability of the SIBO. NASH is often associated with functional constipation (68.6%). Patients with functional constipation and NASH have a significantly higher average level of ALT (127.3 ± 58.4 U/I in the control group and to 103.5 ± 74.6 U/I in the comparison group, p = 0.02), more frequent association with the SIBO (65.7% in the main group opposed to 43.7% in the comparison group, p = 0.014) and a lower quality of life compared with patients without pathology of the intestine. CONCLUSION: NASH has frequent association with functional constipation, worsens its course, resulting in a significant increase in the level of the marker of cytolysis (ALT), the more expressed SIBO and a palpable decline in the quality of life of patients, therefore the impaired intestinal function in these patients requires close attention.