Jasminum sambac: A Potential Candidate for Drug Development to Cure Cardiovascular Ailments.

Jasminum sambac (L.) is a South Asian folkloric medicinal plant that has traditionally been used to treat cardiovascular problems. The current investigation was meticulously organized to explore the pharmacological foundation for the medicinal uses of J. sambac pertaining to cardiovascular ailments and to investigate the core mechanisms. Mechanistic investigation revealed that crude leaf extract of J. sambac produced ex-vivo vasorelaxant effects in endotheliumintact aorta ring preparation and hypotensive effect was recorded via pressure and force transducers coupled to the Power Lab Data Acquisition System. Moreover; J. sambac showed cardioprotective effects against adrenaline -induced left ventricular hypertrophy in rabbits observed hemodynamic. CK-MB, LDH, troponin, CRP, ALT, AST, ALP levels were shown to be lower in the myocardial infarction model, as were necrosis, oedema, and inflammatory cell recruitment in comparison to control. J. sambac has shown good antioxidant potential as well as prolonged the noradrenaline induced platelet adhesion. The vasorelaxant and cardioprotective effects in both in vivo and ex vivo experiments, which are enabled by activation of muscarinic receptor and/or releasing the nitric oxide and by reducing the adrenaline, induced oxidative stress, justifying its usage in cardiovascular disorders.

Complex Chiari Malformation: Proposal of a New Set of Diagnostic Criteria and Outcomes After fusion Surgery.

BACKGROUND: The proposal of C1-C2 fusion as a better treatment option compared with foramen magnum decompression (FMD) for the treatment of Chiari 1 malformations has led to controversy. Although FMD is a time-tested treatment option, a group of patients exists who will benefit from C1-C2 fusion. We have proposed an objective system for defining complex Chiari malformations and studied the outcomes of fusion with decompression versus decompression alone for these patients. METHODS: A total of 26 patients with complex Chiari malformations were identified using our criteria (any 4 of 7 clinicoradiological parameters). Of the 26 patients, 13 had undergone C1-C2 fusion with FMD and 13 had undergone FMD alone. They had also undergone pre- and postoperative clinicoradiological evaluations, and the outcomes were assessed using the Chicago Chiari outcome score. RESULTS: Of the 13 patients in the fusion group, 12 (92.3%) showed improvement compared with only 6 of 13 patients (46.2%) in the nonfusion group using the Chicago Chiari outcome score, a statistically significant difference (P = 0.036, χ2 test). The mean hospital length of stay was longer for the fusion group (6.15 ± 1.46 days) than for the nonfusion group (4.38 ± 2.22 days; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: We have proposed a novel set of criteria for defining complex Chiari malformations. Fusion with decompression provided better outcomes than decompression alone.

Inferior glenohumeral joint dislocation with greater tuberosity avulsion / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Inferior glenohumeral dislocation is the least common type of glenohumeral dislocations. It may be associated with fractures of the adjacent bones and neurovascular compromise. It should be treated immediately by close reduction. The associated neuropraxia usually recovers with time. Traction-counter traction method is commonly used for reduction followed by immobilization of the shoulder for three weeks. Here, we report a case of inferior glenohumeral joint dislocation with greater tuberosity fracture with transient neurovascular compromise and present a brief review of the literature.

Multiple volar dislocations of the carpometacarpal joints with an associated fracture of the first metacarpal base / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Multiple volar dislocations of carpometacarpal (CMC) joints are uncommon and have been reported rarely. A 25 years old male presented with injury to his left hand 6 days following a road traffic accident. Clinical examination revealed gross swelling of the hand and diffuse tenderness over the carpometacarpal area. His radiographs of the hand showed volar dislocation of the second, third and fourth CMC joints in association with an extra-articular fracture of the base of thumb metacarpal. He was treated by open reduction and percutaneous fixation using Kirschner wires. The functional results were excellent at one year follow-up.