RESUMEN
Expression of Concern for 'Conjugation of substituted naphthalimides to polyamines as cytotoxic agents targeting the Akt/mTOR signal pathway' by Zhi-Yong Tian et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2009, 7, 4651-4660, https://doi.org/10.1039/B912685F.
RESUMEN
The antitumor effects and molecular mechanism of NPC-16, a novel naphthalimide-polyamine conjugate, were evaluated in HepG2 cells and Bel-7402 cells. Apoptosis and necrosis were evaluated by Annexin V-FITC detection kit, and autophagy by acridine orange and Lyso-Tracker Red staining. The change of mitochondrial transmembrane potential was measured using rhodamine 123 staining. The protein expression of Beclin 1, LC3 II and mTOR, p70S6 K, 14-3-3, caspase, and Bcl-2 family members was detected by immunofluorescence assays and Western Blot. Here, we elucidated the nature of cellular response of HepG2 cells and Bel-7402 cells to NPC-16 at IC(50). NPC-16 induced caspase-dependent apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and death receptor pathway in Bel-7402 cells. Differently, NPC-16 triggered HepG2 cells both apoptosis and autophagy, further autophagy facilitated cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, mTOR signal pathway was involved in NPC-16-mediated autophagy in HepG2 cells. Thus, NPC-16 may be useful as a potential template for investigation the molecular mechanism of naphthalimide-polyamine conjugate against hepatocellular carcinoma.
Asunto(s)
Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias/efectos de los fármacos , Naftalimidas/farmacología , Poliaminas/farmacología , Naranja de Acridina/análisis , Anexina A5/análisis , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/síntesis química , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Mitocondrias/patología , Naftalimidas/síntesis química , Naftalimidas/química , Necrosis , Poliaminas/síntesis química , Poliaminas/química , Receptores de Muerte Celular/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Six naphthalimide polyamine conjugates were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and MS. Antitumor activities were evaluated in vitro using MTT assay on Leukemia cells (K562), human breast cancer cells (MB-231) and prostate cancer cells (Ln cap cell). The results showed that most of the six compounds were superior to the control (amonafide), 6d, 6e, and 6f exhibited nice selectivity in a screen of hepatoma cells (BEL-7402) and human normal hepatocytes (QSG-7701).
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/síntesis química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Naftalimidas/síntesis química , Naftalimidas/farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Estructura Molecular , Poliaminas/síntesis química , Poliaminas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Though several naphthalimide derivatives have exhibited antitumor activity in clinical trials, some issues such as toxicity prompted further structural modifications on the naphthalimide backbone. A series of naphthalimides conjugated with polyamines were synthesized to harness the polyamine transporter (PAT) for drug delivery, which was beneficial for the tumor cell selectivity. Bioevaluation in human hepatoma HepG2 cells treated with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) or spermidine (Spd), human hepatoma Bel-7402 and normal QSG-7701 hepatocyte confirmed the PAT recognition and cell selectivity. In addition, the novel naphthalimide polyamine conjugate kills cells via apoptosis, and the Akt/mTOR signal pathway was first identified as the upstream cellular target through the apoptotic mechanism research. The presence of DFMO or Spd only either elevated or attenuated the cell apoptosis, but did not change the signal pathway. Collectively, the proper polyamine recognition element (i.e., homospermidine) mediated effective drug delivery via the PAT, and helped the proper cytotoxic goods (i.e., diverse naphthalimides) exert antitumor properties.