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PURPOSE: Good sleep is one of the necessary conditions to ensure the normal performance of the physiological and psychological functions of college students. This study aimed to explore the relationship between mobile phone addiction and bedtime procrastination among Chinese college students and the mediating mechanisms of physical exercise and anxiety between the two, with a view to seek ways to prevent and intervene in college students' sleep procrastination and improve their sleep quality. METHODS: Using SPSS 29.0 analysis with Bootstrap's method, 3,800 first-year students, sophomores, and juniors were given the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale, Bedtime Procrastination Scale, Physical Activity Scale, and Anxiety Scale. The results of the analyses included mediation tests and effect analyses of anxiety and physical activity. RESULTS: The correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between mobile phone addiction and bedtime procrastination (r = 0.149, p < 0.01) as well as anxiety (r = 0.497, p < 0.01). Additionally, there was a significant negative correlation between mobile phone addiction and physical activity (r = -0.447, p < 0.01). Physical activity was also found to have significant negative correlations with anxiety (r = -0.506, p < 0.01) and bedtime procrastination (r = -0.424, p < 0.01). Furthermore, anxiety showed a significant positive correlation with bedtime procrastination (r = 0.334, p < 0.01). Physical activity and anxiety acted as substantial mediators between mobile phone addiction and nighttime procrastination. Both mediators had considerable masking effects, with the mediating effect amounting to 50.3% and 25.1%, respectively. Physical exercise and anxiety played a chain mediating role between mobile phone addiction and bedtime procrastination, and the masking effect was also significant, with a mediating effect size of 13.4%. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the special characteristics of the influencing factors and pathways of bedtime procrastination in this group of college students, providing targeted evidence for the prevention and intervention of bedtime procrastination in college students. It also has an important reference value for the effects of exercise and comprehensive intervention to improve bedtime procrastination and enhance the quality of sleep in college students.
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Ansiedad , Conducta Adictiva , Teléfono Celular , Ejercicio Físico , Procrastinación , Estudiantes , Humanos , Estudiantes/psicología , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Femenino , Ansiedad/psicología , Ansiedad/prevención & control , Universidades , Ejercicio Físico/psicología , Conducta Adictiva/psicología , Adulto , Adolescente , ChinaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Internet addiction jeopardizes teenagers' physical and mental health, as well as their academic performance, and causes a variety of cognitive dysfunctions and psychological and mental health illnesses, among other things. It is a huge issue that families, schools, and society must address immediately. OBJECTIVES: This study used network meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of several interventions on college students' Internet addiction. The goal was to identify the most effective interventions and establish a reference for future interventions. We systematically searched relevant literature in domestic and international databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Pro Quest, China Knowledge, Wan fang, Wipo, etc. We assessed the risk of bias according to the revised Cochrane Randomized Trials Risk of Bias Tool (RoB2) and used R Studio Software and Stata 14.0 for traditional meta-analysis and network meta-analysis. A network meta-analysis based on the IAT scale showed that comprehensive interventions had the highest probability of being the best intervention for IA (SUCRA = 90.6 % based on IAT); focused solution short-term therapy had the highest probability of being the best intervention for IA based on the CIAS-R (19 White Feather) scale (SUCRA = 100 %). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of interventions have a significant influence on the treatment of IA, and improvements in Internet addiction symptoms are more noticeable when a combination of interventions is used rather than just one.
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BACKGROUND: Elevated levels of executive function and physical fitness play a pivotal role in shaping future quality of life. However, few studies have examined the collaborative influences of physical and mental health on academic achievement. This study aims to investigate the key factors that collaboratively influence primary school students' academic achievement from executive function, physical fitness, and demographic factors. Additionally, ensemble learning methods are employed to predict academic achievement, and their predictive performance is compared with individual learners. METHODS: A cluster sampling method was utilized to select 353 primary school students from Huai'an, China, who underwent assessments for executive function, physical fitness, and academic achievement. The recursive feature elimination cross-validation method was employed to identify key factors that collaboratively influence academic achievement. Ensemble learning models, utilizing eXtreme Gradient Boosting and Random Forest algorithms, were constructed based on Bagging and Boosting methods. Individual learners were developed using Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, and Linear Discriminant Analysis algorithms, followed by the establishment of a Stacking ensemble learning model. RESULTS: Our findings revealed that sex, body mass index, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory function, inhibition, working memory, and shifting were key factors influencing the academic achievement of primary school students. Moreover, ensemble learning models demonstrated superior predictive performance compared to individual learners in predicting academic achievement among primary school students. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that recognizing sex differences and emphasizing the simultaneous development of cognition and physical well-being can positively impact the academic development of primary school students. Ensemble learning methods warrant further attention, as they enable the establishment of an accurate academic early warning system for primary school students.
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Éxito Académico , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Función Ejecutiva , Calidad de Vida , Estudiantes , Aptitud Física , China , Aprendizaje Automático , Instituciones AcadémicasRESUMEN
Background: Smartphones have become an important tool for college students' study and life, but mobile phone addiction caused by excessive dependence use of cell phones can have serious negative impacts on college students' mental health, life behaviors, and so on. It is urgent to explore the causes and influence mechanisms of college students' cell phone addiction. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical exercise and mobile phone addiction among Chinese college students and the mediating role of negative affect and e-health literacy between the two. Methods: The stratified sampling method was used to investigate the physical activity, mobile phone addiction, negative emotion and e-health literacy of 4621 university students in Jiangsu Province using the Physical Activity Rating scale, Mobile Phone Addiction scale, Depression-anxiety-stress scale and E-Health Literacy scale, Thus the data were statistically analysed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 23.0. Results: (1) Physical exercise was significantly negatively correlated with mobile phone addiction and negative emotion among college students (r=-.713, P<0.01; r=-.571, P<0.01), and physical exercise was significantly positively correlated with e-health literacy (r=0.616, P<0.01); (2) Negative emotion and e-health literacy played independent mediating roles between physical exercise and mobile phone addiction, respectively; (3) Negative emotion and e-health literacy played chain mediating roles between physical exercise and mobile phone addiction. Conclusion: This study explored the potential mechanisms of cell phone addiction in college students and found that physical activity can influence Internet addiction through the independent mediating effect including the chain mediating effect of negative emotions and e-health literacy. This study further reveals the mechanism of action of physical exercise affecting college students' cell phone addiction, and provides some reference value for the prevention and intervention of college students cell phone addiction.
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Objectives: This study explores the influences of different types of dormitory exercise on the negative emotions of quarantined Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In a 3-week intervention, participants self-selected into a rope skipping group (RSG), an aerobic exercise group (AEG), and a resistance exercise group (REG), while participants in the control group (CG) engaged, by choice, in no physical exercise. Exercise frequency was three times a week for 45 min, with an intensity of 60-80% of maximum heart rate. Before and after the intervention, all participants completed the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Student's t-test was used for intra-group comparisons, while ANOVA was used for inter-group comparisons. Results: Within the three exercise groups, there were some differences in the decrease levels of anxiety and depression, statistically significant at (p < 0.05); by contrast, the levels of anxiety and depression slightly increased in the CG group, again with statistical significance (p < 0.05). Comparing each of the RSG, AEG, and REG with the CG, we found some statistically significant differences in decreasing levels of anxiety and depression (p < 0.05). A comparison of the RSG and REG with the AEG also revealed some significant differences in levels of anxiety and depression (p < 0.05). However, the RSG and REG did not significantly differ in levels of anxiety and depression (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Long-term and strict dormitory quarantine led to different levels of anxiety and depression among quarantined college students. The three different types of medium-intensity dormitory exercise evidently decreased anxiety and depression levels of quarantined college students, but aerobic exercise had the greatest influence, while rope skipping and resistance exercise had equivalent effects.
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OBJECTIVE: The influence of mobile phone addiction (MPA) on physical exercise in university students was explored, and peer relationships were introduced as a moderating variable. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was adopted, and an online survey questionnaire was conducted to investigate two universities in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, and Chongzuo City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. A total of 4959 university students completed the questionnaire. Measurement tools included the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale, the Physical Activity Rating Scale, and the Peer Rating Scale of university students. RESULTS: University students scored 39.322 ± 15.139 for MPA and 44.022 ± 7.735 for peer relationships, with 87.8% of their physical exercise, in terms of exercise grade, being classified as medium or low intensity. The MPA of the university students was negatively correlated with peer relationships (r = -0.377, p < 0.001) and physical exercise behavior (r = -0.279, p < 0.001). The moderating effect of peer relationships on the MPA-physical exercise behavior relationship was significant (ΔR2 = 0.03, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The physical exercise of university students was at a medium or low intensity. The more serious the university students' addiction to mobile phones was, the lower the amount of physical exercise. The physical activity of males was higher than that of females. MPA and peer relationships were the limiting factors of the physical exercise behavior of university students. Under the lower effect of peer relationship regulation, MPA had a greater negative impact on physical exercise behavior. The data from this research can provide theoretical support to improve the participation of university students in physical activities.
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Teléfono Celular , Ejercicio Físico , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Universidades , Estudios Transversales , China , Adicción a la Tecnología , EstudiantesRESUMEN
Objective: We investigated the effects of COVID-19 fear on negative moods among college students, and assessed the efficacy of physical exercise behavior as a moderator variable. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Students from three colleges and universities in Shangqiu City, Henan Province and Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province were enrolled in this study, which was performed during the COVID-19 pandemic using an online questionnaire. A total of 3,133 college students completed the questionnaire. Measurement tools included the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S), Depression-Anxiety-Stress Self-Rating Scale (DASS), and the Physical Activity Behavior Scale (PARS-3). Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the rates of depression, anxiety, and stressful negative moods among college students were 35.5, 65.5, and 10.95%, respectively; there was a positive correlation between COVID-19 fear and negative moods among college students (r = 0.479, p < 0.001), which was negatively correlated with physical exercise behavior (r = -0.4, p < 0.001); the regulating effects of physical exercise behavior were significant (ΔR2 = 0.04, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The rate of negative moods among college students is high, and the fear for COVID-19 is one of the key factors that lead to negative moods. Physical exercise can modulate the impact of COVID-19 fear among college students on negative moods. Studies should elucidate on mental health issues among different populations during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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COVID-19 , Trastornos Fóbicos , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Estudios Transversales , Pueblos del Este de Asia , Salud Mental , Estudiantes/psicología , Ejercicio FísicoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of problematic mobile phone use on college students' physical activity and their relationships. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3980 college students from three universities in Jiangsu province by random cluster sampling. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short (IPAQ-SF) measured college students' physical activity. The Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale for College Students (MPATS) measured problematic mobile phone use tendencies. College students' physical activity was measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short (IPAQ-SF), and the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale measured their mobile phone addiction tendency for College Students (MPATS). RESULTS: (1) The proportions of the low-, medium-, and high-intensity physical activity were 83.5%, 10.7%, and 5.8%, respectively, with gender differences; The score of problematic mobile phone use tendency was 38.725 ± 15.139. (2) There were significant differences in problematic mobile phone use tendency among college students with different physical activity intensity (F = 11.839, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.007). (3) The level of physical activity was significantly correlated with the tendency of problematic mobile phone use (r = -0.173, p < 0.001). (4) Physical activity of college students could significantly predict the tendency of problematic mobile phone use (F (3,3605) = 11.296, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The physical activity of college students was mainly moderate to low intensity, while the tendency of problematic mobile phone use was high. College students' physical activity level was one of the important constraints of problematic mobile phone use tendency.
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Uso del Teléfono Celular , Teléfono Celular , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Estudiantes , Ejercicio FísicoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Negative moods in college students have caused frequent extreme behaviors. This study analyzed the current status and correlation between physical activity and negative moods in college students. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was used in the present research. Data on college students' physical activity and negative moods were collected using the Sports Questionnaire Star software. The questionnaires were administered to college students in five colleges and universities in Henan and Jiangsu Provinces, China, and a total of 3711 correctly completed questionnaires were returned. Data on sociological and demographic information, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) were collected. The research was conducted in December 2021. RESULTS: The low-intensity physical activity rate among college students was 55.56%, while depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were detected in 35.14%, 65.29%, and 10.99%of the college students, respectively. Depression (K = 35.58, p < 0.001) and anxiety (K = 15.56, p < 0.001) rates were significantly different among the different physical activity intensity groups. The proportion of students who perform high-intensity physical activities was lower than those who perform low- and moderate-intensity physical activities. CONCLUSION: Low physical activity and high anxiety are evident among college students, and prolonged moderate-to-low-intensity physical activity (including static behavior) induces depression and anxiety. In the future, further studies can be conducted on improving the physical activity intensity of college students, improving the mental health monitoring and intervention systems of college students, and exploring the dose-effect relationship between physical activity and negative moods.
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Ejercicio Físico , Estudiantes , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ansiedad/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Humanos , Estudiantes/psicología , UniversidadesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In the period of the COVID-19 pandemic, the level of college students' physical exercise, the detection rate of negative emotions, and their correlation should attract extensive attention. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the correlation between college students' physical exercise and negative emotions. METHODS: Data were collected via a web-based cross-sectional survey. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 3118 college students from five universities in Shanghai in March 2022. In addition to sociodemographic information, measures included Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS). The chi-squared test and logistic regression were used to analyze the differences and test the relative risk of negative emotions caused by different amounts of physical exercise. RESULTS: Most students (66.1%) performed a small amount of physical exercise. Male students' physical-exercise level was higher than female students', and the detection rate of negative emotions was lower than that of female students. Moderate and low physical-exercise levels were associated with a higher risk of depression (beta of 0.289 and 0.345, respectively) and anxiety (beta of 0.301 and 0.418) symptoms than high physical-exercise level. CONCLUSIONS: The anxiety symptoms of college students were significant during the COVID-19 pandemic period. The physical-exercise behavior of college students was closely related to negative emotions, and the weakening of physical-exercise behavior was one of the factors that induced negative emotions in college students.
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COVID-19 , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ansiedad/psicología , COVID-19/epidemiología , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Brotes de Enfermedades , Ejercicio Físico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Salud Mental , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Estudiantes/psicologíaRESUMEN
Background: Self-efficacy is an important component of the mental well-being of college students. This study aimed to evaluate the development and the correlation between physical fitness (PF), exercise behavior, and self-efficacy in college students. To examine whether PF in individual college students can predict self-efficacy, and whether exercise behavior mediates this relationship. Methods: This was an observational study of 1923 randomly selected college students (50.5% girl). Measures included the Physical Activity Rating Scale, the Self-Efficacy Scale, and PF testing. Results: Self-efficacy was weakly correlated to both PF (r = 0.240) and exercise behavior (r = 0.248). In regression analysis, PF explained 24.7% of the variance in self-efficacy, increasing to 29.4% when exercise behavior was considered. Therefore, the predictive effect of PF on self-efficacy is partially realized through healthy exercise behavior. Conclusion: Physical fitness can predict self-efficacy among college students, with exercise behavior being an important mediation of this relationship. Strategies to improve positive exercise behaviors and PF could improve students' self-efficacy and overall mental health.
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Background: Evidence has indicated the health importance of fundamental movement skills (FMS) and physical activity (PA) in children and their relationships seems bidirectional. However, their bidirectional relationship has not yet been fully answered in the literature. Aim: This study sought to determine bidirectional relationship between FMS and PA in children using cross-lagged study design. Methods: A total of 183 second-level students (8.8 ± 1.1 years old) from three primary schools in Henan Province, China were selected as subjects. The average number of steps per school day was used as the amount of PA in the school environment; the third edition of the test of gross motor development was used for FMS testing. The baseline data (T1) and tracking data (T2) were collected at the beginning and end of the fall semester, respectively. The two tests were separated by 3 months (11 weeks), and a cross-lag model analysis was performed. Based on the hypothetical model, we tested the cross-lag effect of children's PA and FMS. Results: The model fit index was χ2/df = 2.861 (p < 0.001, n = 183); goodness of fit index GFI = 0.900; NFI = 0.909; CFI = 0.931 and the 95%CI was between 0.071−0.192. The RMSEA = 0.063, and the standardized residual root mean square SRMR = 0.029. The T1 FMS can be used to predict the number of steps in the T2 teaching days with statistical significance (ß = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.07−0.38, p = 0.003). However, the T1 steps cannot be used to predict the T2 FMS (ß = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.07−0.13, p = 0.475). Further analysis shows that the main contributor to these relationships are ball skills in the FMS. Conclusions: The relationship between children's fundamental movement skills and PA is not two-way. Students with higher FMS are expected to reach higher levels of PA after undergoing school PA in a teaching cycle. The PA of the students can be improved by improving their motor skills, which further improves their physical and mental health.
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Ejercicio Físico , Instituciones Académicas , Niño , Humanos , Destreza Motora , Movimiento , EstudiantesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of health problems among college students in China, the lack of adequate physical exercise is the major reason. This study aimed to investigate methods to promote exercise behavior and cardiovascular fitness among college students based on the motivation theory. METHODS: Cardiovascular fitness levels of 641 college students (20.72 ± 1.41 years old) were measured. Exercise motivation was assessed using the physical exercise motivation scale and physical exercise rating scale. Correlation analysis, regression analysis, and structural equation models were used to assess exercise motivation, exercise behavior, and cardiovascular fitness. Energy relationships were determined to develop a path model that promotes exercise behavior and aerobic fitness among college students. RESULTS: The exercise motivation of college students was directly related to cardiovascular fitness (effect value: 0.577) or indirectly related through the mediating effect of exercise behavior (effect value: 0.215). The influence of health motivation on exercise behavior (ß = 0.132, p = 0.001) and cardiovascular fitness (ß = 0.251, p < 0.001) was greater than that of other factors of motivation. CONCLUSIONS: The physical exercise behavior of college students partially mediates the relationship between exercise motivation and cardiovascular fitness. Therefore, the educational concept of "Health First" should be promoted in college sports. Internal motivation of exercise can be transformed into external motivation to improve students' exercise behavior and cardiovascular fitness through enhancing their cardiopulmonary capacity.
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Capacidad Cardiovascular , Motivación , Adulto , China/epidemiología , Ejercicio Físico , Humanos , Aptitud Física , Estudiantes , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Bone mineral density (BMD) decreases with age, leading to fractures, decreased mobility, and impaired quality of life. We aimed to determine the effects of brisk walking and exposure to sunlight on BMD and balance in the elderly with osteopenia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We recruited 81 elderly subjects with osteopenia from January 2019 to March 2019. They were divided into four groups: a daytime-walking group (n = 20), a night-time-walking group (n = 20), a sun-exposure-only group (n = 20), and a control group (n = 21). The subjects walked briskly for 30-60 min three times a week for 24 weeks. The sun-exposure-only group received sunlight for 20-30 min three times a week. All four groups received supplemental calcium. Lumbar L1-L4 BMD, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, timed-up-go-test (TUGT), five-times-sit-stand-test (FTSST), open-eye and closed-eye one-leg-stance-test (OLST) were measured at baseline and 1 day after program completion. RESULTS: The lumbar L1-L4 BMD was higher in all intervention groups (P < 0.05), with the daytime-walking group outperforming the others. There was no significant difference between the night-time-walking and sun-exposure-only groups (P > 0.05). The levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in the daytime-walking and sun-exposure-only groups were higher than those in the night-time-walking and control groups (P < 0.05). The TUGT and FTSST times decreased in all three intervention groups and predominantly so in the daytime-walking group, whereas the open-eye and closed-eye OLST times increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Brisk walking and sun exposure increase BMD and improve dynamic and static balance in the elderly with osteopenia.
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Densidad Ósea , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas , Anciano , Calcifediol , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , Luz Solar , CaminataRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To study the value of X-ray analysis method of ankle fracture based on injury mechanism to improve the imaging diagnosis level of ankle fracture. METHODS: This study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2019. It included 105 cases of fractures caused by sprained ankle joints. Their age was between 21-81 years with an average of 49.5 years, The traditional X-ray analysis method (Group-A) and the injury mechanism-based ankle fracture X-ray analysis method (Group-B) were used to analyze X-ray image data. Group-B also performed Weber classification and Lauge-Hansen classification on cases. Installment. RESULTS: Of the 105 patients with ankle fractures, 97 patients in Group-B were able to make Lauge-Hansen classification. Of these 97 ankle fractures, 137 were found in Group-A, and 158 were found in Group-B. The wrong diagnosis of fracture in Group-A was 18%, and the wrong diagnosis of fracture in Group-B was 0.5%. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: The X-ray analysis method of ankle fractures based on injury mechanism can effectively improve the detection rate of hidden ankle fractures and high fibular fractures, and reduce the missed diagnosis, which is superior to the traditional X-ray analysis methods. At the same time, Weber classification, Lauge-Hansen classification and staging can be made for most cases, which is conducive to guiding clinical treatment.