Association between maternal periodontitis and preterm and/or low birth weight infants in normal pregnancies.

OBJECTIVE: To relate the periodontal condition with the presence of periodontal bacteria in pregnant that had babies with preterm delivery or/and low weight at birth (PTLBW). METHODS: We recruited 134 pregnant women without systemic diseases attending at the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Room, from Maternal Provincial Hospital, Córdoba, Argentine. Pregnant were grouped according to the International Classification for a System of Periodontal Disease. A sample from periodontal pocket was extracted to identify Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf) Prevotella intermedia (Pi) and Agreggatibacter actinomycemcomitans (Aa). RESULTS: We identified 7 (5%) cases of children born underweight or preterm of mothers diagnosed with Gingivitis, 6 (4%) in Mild Periodontitis and 4 (3%) in Moderate Periodontitis. We estimated that when Pi and/or Aa were not detected in the periodontal pockets of mothers, the infants had more than 129% chance of having normal birth weights (OR 3.47 for Pi and OR and 2.29 for Aa). The average age of the mothers who has PTLBW was 21 ± 3.5. The age showed an association with PTLBW (p < 0.0008). CONCLUSIONS: The presences of periodontal pathogens in periodontal pockets from pregnant with different periodontal status would associate with PTLBW infants when the mothers are young, and the normal term and normal birth weight infant are associated with the absence of periodonto bacteria like Pi and Aa.

Generalized aggressive periodontitis: microbiological composition and clinical parameters in non-surgical therapy.

The aim of this study was to determine the variations in periodontal parameters and microbiological composition in periodontal pockets at the baseline and 3 and 6 months post treatmentin patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis(GAP) undergoing non surgical periodontal treatment combined with chlorhexidine and systemic antibiotics. Medical and dental history was taken from 10 subjects, average age 30.6±2.7 years, diagnosed with GAP. A non surgical periodontal treatment combined with 0.12% chlorhexidine, 875 mg amoxicillin and 500 mg metronidazole every 12 hours for ten days was conducted. At each visit, the following measurements wererecorded: bacterial plaque (BP), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), hypermobility, and furcation lesions, and a sample of subgingivalplaque was taken from the site of the deepest probing depth of each sextant to identify Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponemadenticola, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans using molecular biology techniques. After 6 months, the Wilcoxon test showed an increase of 0.97 mm in CAL (p=0.0047) and 2.54 mm in PD(p=0.009). A healthy site was defined as having a PD <5 mm, negative BOP and no pathogenic bacteria detected at 6 months, indicating significant improvement (p=0.008), with OR (95%CI) =4.7 (1.102220.11).With the treatment protocol used in this study, 6 months after treatment, patients had an approximately 4- fold higher possibility of presenting PD <5 mm and periodontal pockets without periodontal pathogenic bacteria.

En este trabajo, nos propusimos determinar las variaciones delos parámetros periodontales y la composición microbiológica de las bolsas periodontales al inicio, a los 3 y 6 meses después del tratamiento en pacientes con periodontitis agresiva generalizada (GAP), sometidos a tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico combinado con clorhexidina y antibióticos sistémicos. Se elaboró historia médica y dental en 10 sujetos, con una edad media de 30,6 ± 2,7 años, con diagnóstico de GAP. Se les practicó tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico combinado con clorhexidina al 0,12%, 875 mg de amoxicilina y 500 mg de metronidazol. Los antibióticos se prescribieron cada 12 horas durante diez días. Se registraron: la placa bacteriana (BP), sangrado al sondaje (BOP), la profundidad de sondaje (PD), el nivel de inserción clínica (NIC), hipermovilidad y lesiones de furcación. En cada visita, se tomaron las mediciones, y se tomó una muestra de la placa subgingival en sitio de la mayor profundidad al sondaje encada sextante para identificar mediante técnica de biología molecular: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, forsythia Tannerella, Prevotella intermedia, y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Después de 6 meses, el análisis de la prueba de Wilcoxon mostró un aumento de 0,97 mm de CAL (p= 0,0047) y 2,54 mm en la PB (p = 0,009). Se definió sitio sano, cuando se determinó un PD <5 mm, BOP negativo, y no se detectaron bacterias patógenas a los 6 meses, lo que indicó una mejora significativa (p = 0,008), con (IC 95%) = 4,7(1,1022 a 20,11). Con el protocolo de tratamiento presentado, es posible especular que a los 6 meses después del tratamiento, un paciente puede tener aproximadamente 4 veces más posibilidades de presentar una PD<5 mm y bolsillos periodontales sin bacterias patógenas.

Generalized aggressive periodontitis: microbiological composition and clinical parameters in non-surgical therapy / Periodontitis agresiva generalizada: composición microbiológica y parámetros clínicos en la terapia no quirúrgica

The aim of this study was to determine the variations in periodontal parameters and microbiological composition in periodontal pockets at the baseline and 3 and 6 months posttreatment in patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis (GAP) undergoing nonsurgical periodontal treatment combined with chlorhexidine and systemic antibiotics. Medical and dental history was taken from 10 subjects, average age 30.62.7 years, diagnosed with GAP. A nonsurgical periodontal treatment combined with 0.12% chlorhexidine, 875 mg amoxicillin and 500 mg metronidazole every 12 hours for ten days was conducted. At each visit, the following measurements were recorded: bacterial plaque (BP), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), hypermobility, and furcation lesions, and a sample of subgingival plaque was taken from the site of the deepest probing depth of each sextant to identify Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, Prevotella intermedia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans using molecular biology techniques. After 6 months, the Wilcoxon test showed an increase of 0.97 mm in CAL (p=0.0047) and 2.54 mm in PD (p=0.009). A healthy site was defined as having a PD <5 mm, negative BOP and no pathogenic bacteria detected at 6 months, indicating significant improvement (p=0.008), with OR (95% CI) =4.7 (1.102220.11). With the treatment protocol used in this study, 6 months after treatment, patients had an approximately 4fold higher possibility of presenting PD <5 mm and periodontal pockets without periodontal pathogenic bacteria.

En este trabajo, nos propusimos determinar las variaciones de los parámetros periodontales y la composición microbiológica de las bolsas periodontales al inicio, a los 3 y 6 meses después del tratamiento en pacientes con periodontitis agresiva generalizada (GAP), sometidos a tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico combinado con clorhexidina y antibióticos sistémicos. Se elaboró historia médica y dental en 10 sujetos, con una edad media de 30,6 2,7 años, con diagnóstico de GAP. Se les practicó tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico combinado con clorhexidina al 0,12%, 875 mg de amoxicilina y 500 mg de metronidazol. Los antibióticos se prescribieron cada 12 horas durante diez días. Se registraron: la placa bacteriana (BP), sangrado al sondaje (BOP), la profundidad de sondaje (PD), el nivel de inserción clínica (NIC), hipermovilidad y lesiones de furcación. En cada visita, se tomaron las mediciones, y se tomó una muestra de la placa subgingival en sitio de la mayor profundidad al sondaje en cada sextante para identificar mediante técnica de biología molecular: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, forsythia Tannerella, Prevotella intermedia, y Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Después de 6 meses, el análisis de la prueba de Wilcoxon mostró un aumento de 0,97 mm de CAL (p = 0,0047) y 2,54 mm en la PB (p = 0,009). Se definió sitio sano, cuando se determinó un PD <5 mm, BOP negativo, y no se detectaron bacterias patógenas a los 6 meses, lo que indicó una mejora significativa (p = 0,008), con (IC 95%) = 4,7 (1,1022 a 20,11). Con el protocolo de tratamiento presentado, es posible especular que a los 6 meses después del tratamiento, un paciente puede tener aproximadamente 4 veces más posibilidades de presentar una PD<5 mm y bolsillos periodontales sin bacterias patógenas.