[RELEVANT PRINCIPLES IN THE DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION OF TOXOPLASMOSIS DURING PREGNANCY].

A retrospective survey of the prevalence of TORCH infections among pregnant women was performed in the perinatal center, M. A. Tverye Military Sanitary Unit Nine (Perm), in June 2010 to December 2013. The survey covered 2060 women: they were all examined for cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and Toxoplasma. Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were detected in 28.68% (591/2060); 98.62% were found to have antibodies to herpes simplex; antibodies to cytomegalovirus were identified in 87.13% (1795/2060). Acute maternal toxoplasmosis was diagnosed by seroconversion or determination of IgM anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies, in the presence of a low avidity index and a four-fold increase in antibody titers, by simultaneously studying paired serum samples obtained at a 2-week interval. To confirm fetal infection, amniotic fluid PCR examination should be performed after 18 weeks' gestation. No consensus of opinion as to the principles of treatment for toxoplasmosis in pregnant women makes relevant the long-term results of antibacterial and antiprotozoal treatment cycles varying in duration and intensity. The prevention of acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women ensures the principle of a mother's personal responsibility for infection safety of a newborn infant, which is informationally provided in health and safety fundamentals course and pregravid preparation schools.

[Ethological competence of Perm Territory dwellers in the assurance of personal infection safety].

The authors attempted to analyze preventive measures against infectious and parasitic diseases, which were used domestically by the Perm Territory population, their conjugacy with the stereotypes of attitude towards domestic animals, as well as behavioral features of compliance andcompetence in the assurance of infection safety. The found gaps in the assurance of personal infection safety (drinking unboiled water, unprotected sex, disregard of helminth prevention in domestic animals, and unwillingness to go in for sports) are coherent with the epidemiological situation in the Perm Territory and to our clinical and laboratory study of the patients of the Perm Territory Children's Clinical Hospital in 2011. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was used to examine 10075 patients for helminths and protozoa; parasitic diseases were detected in 2047 (20.3%) persons. The diagnostic titer of antibodies to Toxocara antigens was revealed in 677 (11.8%) children of 5700 patients examined for toxocariasis; that for Opisthorchis antigens was in 595 (37.7%) of 1578 examined for Opisthorchis infestation. The diagnostic titers for echinococcosis was found in 9 (0.75%) of 1198 patients; later on the diagnosis of hydatid disease was verified by epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory studies. Despite the inadequate informative value of EIA for the diagnosis of giardiasis, high antibody titers to Lamblia antigens were detected in 766 (47.9%) of 1599 children.

[Prevalence and diagnosis of lambliasis in Perm region]. / Rasprostranennost' i kliniko-laboratornaia kharakteristika liamblioznoi invazii v Permskom regione.

The prevalence and its specific features of Lamblia invasion in children in some districts of the Perm Region, which differ in the nonstandard quality of drinking water samples are described. For the specific diagnosis of giardiasis, a serological study of the population was made by enzyme immunoassay determining specific Lamblia antibodies in the serum. The authors proposed a questionnaire that may suspect giardiasis in a child. The data obtained from the questionnaire study correlate with the positive results of enzyme immunoassay in 47.5% of cases. The clinical picture of Lamblia invasion in the examinees corresponds to the data available in the literature on the course of giardiasis.

[Prasiquantel treatment of patients under ambulatory conditions in an opisthorchiasis focus in the Komi-Permyak autonomous area]. / Lechenie prazikvantelem v ambulatornykh usloviiakh bol'nykh v ochage opistorkhoza Komi-Permiatskogo avtonomnogo okruga.

90 Opisthorchis felineus invaded patients were subjected to prasiquantel treatment. Single doze of the drug (40 mg/kg) was administered under ambulatory conditions. Treatment efficacity 6 months after administration attained 85.9%. Side-effects were observed in 89.7% of patients, the neurotropic effects' rate being 85.4%. Lower side-effects' rate was established in case of prasiquantel administration with milk. Positive clinical effect of prasiquantel treatment was observed in 69.3% patients.