Dishkeya, a recently described endemic Tischeriidae genus, now discovered in Colombia.

This paper describes Dishkeya ursipedella Diskus, Mey & Stonis, sp. nov. from Cundinamarca, Choachi (Colombia). The new species was collected at night time at light, therefore, the host plant remains unknown. The examination of morphology of the male genitalia of D. ursipedella revealed a highly distinctive new taxon of trumpet moths belonging to the recently described endemic genus Dishkeya Stonis. The new species is illustrated with photographs of the male genitalia, adults, and habitats. In a pictorial scheme, the male genitalia characters of D. ursipedella are compared with those of all other currently known members of Dishkeya.

Contribution to the Trichoptera fauna of the river La Vieja, Bogotá, Colombia (Insecta: Trichoptera).

Investigation of the Trichoptera fauna from the small river La Vieja on the city border of Bogotá yielded a total of 17 species. Nine new species of Trichoptera are described from La Vieja: Atopsyche viejae spec. nov., A. flavoantennata spec. nov., Metrichia trisignata spec. nov., M. longiphallata spec. nov., Smicridea colombosaucia spec. nov., Xiphocentron laviejae spec. nov., Phylloicus monserratensis spec. nov., Marilia bogotaensis spec. nov., and Oecetis chapinera spec. nov. Images of the adults of some species are provided, and the male genitalia are illustrated. The genitalia of three additional species (Hydroptila constricta Bueno-Soria 1984, Polycentropus joergenseni Ulmer 1909, Contulma spec.) are depicted to facilitate their future identifications.

Two new orthoclad species from Colombian Andes (Diptera: Chironomidae).

Lipurometriocnemus. bogotensis sp. n. and Antillocladius laviejae sp. n., two species collected at the "La Vieja" creek, near Bogotá, Colombia; 2666 m, are described and depicted as male imagines. L. bogotensis sp. n. can be separated from other Lipurometriocnemus species by lacking acrosticals setae on thorax, thus an emendation of the genus concept is presented. Antillocladius laviejae sp. n. is differentiated from other closely related members of the genus mainly by the pilosity of wings.

Cecidonius pampeanus, gen. et sp. n.: an overlooked and rare, new gall-inducing micromoth associated with Schinus in southern Brazil (Lepidoptera, Cecidosidae).

Galls induced by the larval stage of cecidosids (Lepidoptera: Cecidosidae) are complex, multi-trophic systems, still poorly studied. They may be associated with other insect feeding guilds, including inquilines, kleptoparasites, cecidophages, parasitoids, and predators. By causing death of the gall inducer early in life and altering the gall phenotype, inquilines may lead to misidentification of the true gall inducers. Here, we describe through light and scanning electron microscopy Cecidonius pampeanus, a new genus and species of cecidosid moth, from the Pampa biome, south Brazil. It induces unnoticed, small galls under swollen stems of Schinus weinmannifolius Mart. ex Engl. (Anacardiaceae). Such galls are severely attacked early in ontogeny either by unidentified parasitoids belonging to Lyrcus Walker (Pteromalidae) that feed upon the inducer, or by inquiline wasps of the genus Allorhogas Gahan (Braconidae). The inquilines modify the galls into large ones that last longer and promptly call attention. Free-living galls are rare and dehiscent, pupation of C. pampeanus occurring on the ground. Due to these reasons the true inducer has been overlooked in this case for more than a century. Additionally we inferred a phylogeny for Cecidosidae using sequences from mitochondrial and nuclear loci, and characterized genetic variation and gene flow across ten populations. Despite its natural history similarities with the African genus Scyrotis, Cecidonius is a much younger lineage, more closely related to the Neotropical cecidosids. C. pampeanus populations, which are now confined to a few mountain areas within its distribution range due to habitat destruction, are also genetically isolated, requiring conservation measures.