RESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a common, preventable healthcare-associated infection. In our 3-hospital health system, CLABSI rates in non-intensive care unit (ICU) settings were above the internal target rate of zero. A robust quality improvement (QI) project to reduce non-ICU CLABSIs was undertaken by a team of Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)-prepared nurse leaders enrolled in a post-DNP Quality Implementation Scholars program and 2 QI experts. Based on a review of the literature and local root cause analyses, the QI team implemented the evidence-based practice of using 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) cloths for daily bathing for non-ICU patients with a central line. METHODS: A pre-post-design was used for this QI study. CHG bathing was implemented using multifaceted educational strategies that included an e-learning module, printed educational materials, educational outreach, engagement of unit-based CLABSI champions, and an electronic reminder in the electronic health record. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the change in CLABSI rates before and after implementation of CHG bathing. CLABSI rates were also tracked using statistical process control (SPC) charts to monitor stability over time. CHG bathing documentation compliance was audited as a process measure. These audit data were provided to unit-based leadership (nurse managers and clinical team leaders) on a monthly basis. A Qualtrics survey was also disseminated to nursing leadership to evaluate their satisfaction with the CHG bathing implementation processes. RESULTS: Thirty-four non-ICU settings participated in the QI study, including general medical/surgical units and specialty areas (oncology, neurosciences, cardiac, orthopedic, and pediatrics). While the change in CLABSI rates after the intervention was not statistically significant ( b = -0.35, P = .15), there was a clinically significant CLABSI rate reduction of 22.8%. Monitoring the SPC charts demonstrated that CLABSI rates remained stable after the intervention at all 3 hospitals as well as the health system. CHG bathing documentation compliance increased system-wide from 77% (January 2020) to 94% (February 2021). Overall, nurse leaders were satisfied with the CHG bathing implementation process. CONCLUSIONS: To sustain this practice change in non-ICU settings, booster sessions will be completed at least on an annual basis. This study provides further support for using CHG cloths for daily patient bathing in the non-ICU setting.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos Locales , Infecciones Relacionadas con Catéteres , Infección Hospitalaria , Humanos , Niño , Mejoramiento de la Calidad , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Clorhexidina , Infección Hospitalaria/prevención & control , Infecciones Relacionadas con Catéteres/epidemiología , Infecciones Relacionadas con Catéteres/prevención & controlRESUMEN
Decision-making for vascular access device selection is becoming increasingly complex as new technologies come to market and efforts to reduce central line-associated bloodstream infections increase. This retrospective review of 165 midline catheter outcomes was undertaken after a cluster of unexpected failures occurred in a large academic medical center in the southeastern United States. Mean dwell time for midline catheters was 8.5 days; 62.8% lasted to therapy completion, and complications occurred in 15.8%. A quality improvement initiative including implementation of a blood return algorithm and standard education for unit staff reduced infiltration and thrombosis complications.
Asunto(s)
Algoritmos , Infecciones Relacionadas con Catéteres/prevención & control , Cateterismo Venoso Central/instrumentación , Cateterismo Periférico/instrumentación , Trombosis/prevención & control , Dispositivos de Acceso Vascular , Centros Médicos Académicos , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Sudeste de Estados Unidos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The Infusion Nurses Society asserts that a comprehensive organizational approach to vascular access device (VAD) care and management is imperative to ensure safe and efficacious patient care. It is essential that each organization (1) develops policies and procedures to align VAD care and management with recognized standards of practice; (2) integrates unique aspects of organization-selected VAD care products into policies and procedures and establishes expectations for adherence to these organizational directives; (3) develops a framework for gathering and analyzing clinical data related to patient outcomes for VAD care and management; (4) utilizes quality outcome data to facilitate evidence-based best practices within the organization; and (5) evaluates and facilitates educational programming to validate clinician competency.
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Competencia Clínica/normas , Guías como Asunto/normas , Dispositivos de Acceso Vascular/normas , Catéteres de Permanencia/normas , Humanos , Control de Infecciones , Sepsis/prevención & control , Especialidades de EnfermeríaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Infusate osmolarity, pH, and cytotoxicity were investigated as risk factors for midline catheter failure. METHODS: An experimental, randomized, controlled, blinded trial was conducted using an ovine model. Two 10-cm, 18-gauge single-lumen midline catheters were inserted into the cephalic veins of sheep. The animals were divided into 6 study arms and were administered solutions of vancomycin 4 mg/mL (a low-cytotoxicity infusate) or 10 mg/mL (a high-cytotoxicity infusate), doxycycline 1 mg/mL (an acidic infusate), or acyclovir 3.5 mg/mL (an alkaline infusate) and 0.9% sodium chloride injection; or 1 of 2 premixed Clinimix (amino acids in dextrose; Baxter International) products with respective osmolarities of 675 mOsm/L (a low-osmolarity infusate) and 930 mOsm/L (a mid-osmolarity infusate). Contralateral legs were infused with 0.9% sodium chloride injection for control purposes. Catheter failure was evaluated by assessment of adverse clinical symptoms (swelling, pain, leakage, and occlusion). A quantitative vessel injury score (VIS) was calculated by grading 4 histopathological features: inflammation, mural thrombus, necrosis, and perivascular reaction. RESULTS: Among 20 sheep included in the study, the overall catheter failure rate was 95% for test catheters (median time to failure, 7.5 days; range, 3-14 days), while 60% of the control catheters failed before or concurrently (median time to failure, 7 days; range, 4.5-14 days). Four of the 6 study arms (all but the Clinimix 675-mOsm/L and acyclovir 3.5-mg/mL arms) demonstrated an increase in mean VIS of ≥77% in test vs control legs (P ≤ 0.034). Both pain and swelling occurred at higher rates in test vs control legs: 65% vs 10% and 70% vs 50%, respectively. The mean difference in rates of occlusive pericatheter mural thrombus between the test and control arms was statistically significant for the vancomycin 10-mg/mL (P = 0.0476), Clinimix 930-mOsm/L (P = 0.0406), and doxycycline 1-mg/mL (P = 0.032) arms. CONCLUSION: Administration of infusates of varied pH, osmolarity, and cytotoxicity via midline catheter resulted in severe vascular injury and premature catheter failure; therefore, the tested infusates should not be infused via midline catheters.
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Catéteres de Permanencia , Falla de Equipo , Concentración Osmolar , Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Aminoácidos/administración & dosificación , Aminoácidos/química , Antiinfecciosos/administración & dosificación , Antiinfecciosos/química , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Dolor/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Ovinos , Cloruro de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Cloruro de Sodio/química , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The purpose of this interpretive phenomenological study was to determine what it means to patients to live with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)-related deep vein thrombosis and to describe the influence of the experience on the individual's quality of life. The sample included 11 adult patients from an acute care setting who developed a PICC-related symptomatic thrombus between November 2014 and March 2016, using purposive sampling. Three distinct themes emerged from the data in this study: a loss of trust in health care providers, additional burdens to existing problems, and a yearning for understanding.
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Cateterismo Venoso Central/efectos adversos , Cateterismo Periférico/efectos adversos , Trombosis de la Vena/etiología , Cateterismo Venoso Central/métodos , Cateterismo Periférico/métodos , Humanos , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , ConfianzaRESUMEN
As changes in reimbursement structures create a stringent focus on the prevention of infection and other infusion-related complications that predispose to infection, it becomes important to examine the impact of vascular access and infusion specialty practices and procedures on overall organization sustainability and to implement strategies for disseminating infusion expertise to a broader contingent of nurses. This article discusses infusion nursing practice as it impacts the organization as a whole and details a performance improvement initiative for implementing a novel peripherally inserted central catheter tip determination technology that encompasses many of the goals of the industry standards.
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Instituciones de Salud , Infusiones Intravenosas , Proceso de Enfermería , HumanosRESUMEN
Many challenges face vascular access nurses as technology improves and patients require more numerous and lengthy intravenous therapies. Nurses began placing peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) at the patient bedside in an effort to defray costly interventional radiology procedures and provide for patient comfort. In recent years, the numbers of PICC procedures have increased, and the procedure itself has become more technologically advanced. With these advances have come new logistical, environmental, and ergonomic challenges. This article explores some of these challenges, offers an alternative model to bedside PICC insertions, and describes the process and results of implementing this model in the milieu of a university teaching hospital.
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Cateterismo Venoso Central/métodos , Infección Hospitalaria/prevención & control , Flujo de Trabajo , Centros Médicos Académicos , Algoritmos , Cateterismo Venoso Central/enfermería , Conducta Cooperativa , Infección Hospitalaria/enfermería , Toma de Decisiones , Humanos , Satisfacción en el Trabajo , Modelos de Enfermería , Modelos Organizacionales , Grupo de Atención al PacienteRESUMEN
Infusion therapy models are ever changing and growing in modern health care. New technologies and problems arise daily as researchers and clinicians explore our world. As technologies advance, health care costs are also skyrocketing. The vast majority of hospitalized patients will receive some form of infusion therapy during their stay, and many will continue to receive therapy after they are discharged from the inpatient setting. Infusion alliances can aid cost containment by decreasing infusion-related complication rates, affect customer satisfaction, and promote interdisciplinary collaboration. This article discusses the potential benefits of an infusion alliance, details steps for using the performance improvement process when implementing and maintaining an alliance, and outlines the components of a successful business plan.