p53, Ki67 and cyclin D1 as prognosticators of lymph node metastases in laryngeal carcinoma.

The prognosis in patients suffering from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas depends on many factors. However, regional lymph node metastases are the most important parameter in determining the cure and survival of patients with head and neck cancers. The evaluation of cancer cell biology enables differentiation of their proliferation and tendency of metastases. Immunohistochemical examinations complement the well-established routine histological examination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic importance of the level of immunoproliferating proteins such as cyclin D1, nuclear antigen Ki67 and suppressor gene p53 for regional lymph node metastases in laryngeal carcinoma. The research was carried out on 73 patients treated for squamous cancer of the larynx in the Department of Otolaryngology University School of Medical Sciences in Poznan in the years 1994-1999. The group was comprised of 4 female and 69 male patients. Their ages ranged from 37 to 79 years, with a mean of 59 years. Clinical data included sex, age, localization and local and regional extent of the tumor, presence or lack of distant metastases, treatment, histological examination as well as immunohistochemical evaluation of suppressor gene p53, proliferative proteins Ki67 and cyclin D1. No statistically significant correlation was found between staining intensity of suppressor gene p53, cyclin D1 and the degree of local advancement (T). There was no correlation between the level of immunoproliferative markers and regional lymph node metastases. Statistically significant correlation was found between T stage and staining for Ki67 (P=0.017) as well as between cyclin D1 level and Ki67 (P<0.05). In conclusion, (1) no significant correlation was found between Ki67 and cyclin D1, p53 and TNM classification; (2) lack of correlation was confirmed between N+, p53, Ki67, cyclin D1 and Jacobsson classification; (3) the degree of histological grading correlated, however, with Jacobsson classification and cyclin D1 expression.

[Laser cordectomy: treatment of precancerous stages of the larynx]. / Chordektomia laserowa w stanach przedrakowych krtani.

UNLABELLED: Diagnostics and treatments of precancerous states of cancer of larynx will demand in select chances the multistages treatment AIM: In work one priced radicality and efficiencies of treatment of precancerous stages of larynx with method of carbone dioxide laser cordectomy. The retrospective examination was executed of years 1991-2000 imicrosurgical interventions of larynx--in talked over period one executed 308 of surgical interventions with use of laser CO2, in number this 41 of interventions were partial laser cordectomies in stages with precancerous changes on the vocal cords. In chances of extensive precancerous changes of vocal cords in sorted chances not one should limit oneself to receiving of specimens from several localization, but change to remove in wholes. Permits this on obtainment radicality of intervention with possibility of obtainment the large material to histopathological investigations.

[The Erbium-Yag laser in stapes surgery]. / Wplyw lasera Erbium-Yag na czynnosc ucha wewnetrznego.

Laser has been used for 21 years in otology. This technique was introduced to decrease the number of complications after micromanipulations within the middle ear. Continuous-wave laser and pulsed laser have clinical application. In the ENT Dept. in Poznan pulsed Er-Yag laser (Zeiss Corp.) is used in the treatment of otosclerosis. First experiences and results of treatment of 35 patients using this method were presented. In all patients recovery of hearing was observed. No damage of the inner ear (deafness or hypoacusis) was found.

[Metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma resembling the cervical lateral cyst]. / Przerzut raka brodawkowatego tarczycy imitujacy torbiel boczna szyi.

Cystic neck mass, enlarging for many years, as the first symptom of occult thyroid carcinoma was presented. On the basis of clinical and ultrasonographical examination the initial diagnosis was made: bronchiogenic neck cyst. The metastases of papillary carcinoma of thyroid gland were recognized in histological examination. The patient was admitted for surgical treatment.

[The value of endoscopic ultrasound examination for tongue neoplasms]. / Wartosc badania ultrasonograficznego z uzyciem glowicy endoskopowej w guzach jezyka.

The aim of the paper was to assess the value of endoral ultrasound in tongue tumors diagnostics. It was performed by the evaluation of the tumor advancement and its comparison with palpation, assessment of neoplastic tissue infiltration, detection of satellite foci surrounding the main tumor mass. Endoral ultrasound vs transcutaneous ultrasound was compared. Follow-up by means of transoral ultrasound was applied. The limitations of the method were presented. 65 patients with tongue tumors, treated in ENT Department K. Marcinkowski University School of Medical Sciences between 1995-1999 were under study. 9 patients with suspicion of local recurrence were included to the examined group. Not able value of the method was proved. In 81.5% of cases the method occurred to be much more precise than palpation and revealed the bigger dimension of the tumor then stated clinically. The satellite foci and small lesions, not possible to be detect by means of transcutaneous ultrasound, were find out and thanks to it treated radically. This method allows to differentiate the scarred and neoplastic tissue, especially in patients with clinical suspicion of relapse. The limitations of the method: trismus, big extension of the lesion, surface bleeding and gag reflex are to be listed.

[Craniofacial bone dysplasia]. / Osteodysplazja twarzoczaszki.

The case of fibrous dysplasia localised in the maxilla in 7 years old girl was described. Attention was paid to etiology, symptoms and treatment. The differential diagnosis was discussed. The diagnosis was wet set on the bases of clinical examination, X-ray, scyntygraphy and histological examination.

[Breast carcinoma metastasis to paranasal sinuses]. / Przerzut raka sutka do zatok przynosowych.

The presented case is breast cancer metastatic into the paranasal sinuses. Accompanied symptoms suggested thrombosis of cavernosus sinus with very fast growing eye and neurological symptoms caused by metastases to brain tissue. Breast cancer metastatic into the paranasal sinuses is extremely rare and usually ends with death, as it is a result of neoplastic dissemination and does not react to systemic treatment. This type of neoplasm was for the first time presented in literature by Robin in 1938. Until 1994 nine cases of patients suffering from this type of neoplasm have been described. All of them died.

[Osteomas of the paranasal sinuses in the Department of Otolaryngology of Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznan in 1959-1995]. / Kostniaki zatok przynosowych w materiale Kliniki Otolaryngologii AM w Poznaniu w latach 1959-1995.

In years 1959-1995 in the Department of Otolaryngology of University of Medical Sciences in Poznan 112 patients were treated for osteoma within paranasal sinuses. In our material there was 59 men and 52 women. The age range was 13 to 79. Quantitative analysis showed most cases of osteoma in frontal sinus, the second place was taken by ethmoidal cells and very rarely was osteoma observed in maxillary sinus and sphenoid sinus. Operation procedure was performed on all the patients.

[Use of mucolytic preparations (Mucosolvan) in selected diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Part II]. / Zastosowanie preparatów mukolitycznych (Mucosolvan) w wybranych schorzeniach górnych dróg oddechowych. Czesc II.

The majority of publications in the recent years emphasizes the importance of mucolytic preparations in the upper respiratory tract diseases. There have been very few report about the important role which mucolytic drugs may play in the diseases of the upper respiratory tract. This paper undertakes the task of attempting to evaluate the usefulness of Mucosolvan preparation in laryngological diseases. The main condition of the successful treatment of otolaryngological diseases is maintaining the efficient mechanism of the clearing of upper respiratory tract. This is achieved by means of the mucocilia apparatus, namely cilia and mucosa protecting the epithelium from harmful factors. Tests were carried out on 60 patients with paranasal sinuses and ear diseases. The first group comprised 45 patients who were qualified on the basis of inflammatory changes in paranasal sinuses. The second group comprised 12 children and 3 adults with otitis media with effusion. Mucosolvan which was used in the supplementary treatment fulfilled our expectations. The use of the mucolytic drug accelerated the healing process, proper regeneration of the epithelium and the reduction of the period of drug administration.

[The use of mucosolvan in ENT diseases. Part I]. / Zastosowanie preparatu mucosolvan w schorzeniach górnych dróg oddechowych. Czesc pierwsza.

The paper presents an evaluation attempt af Mucosolvan in the upper respiratory tract diseases. A group of 50 patients underwent observation. They were hospitalized in our Department due to acute and chronic inflammations of respiratory tract, malignant tumours and larynx, and trachea stenosis. In cases of larynx and trachea stenosis there occur disturbances in the cleaning of surface of mucosa. Normally, it is done by means of mucociliary system. In the modern postoperative therapy mucolitic preparations are very useful.

[Endoscopic ultrasound probe applications for diagnosis of the oral cavity and throat tumors]. / Zastosowanie glowicy endoskopowej w diagnostyce ultrasonograficznej Guzów jamy ustnej i gardla.

Assessment of neoplastic lesions situated inside palatinal tonsils and tongue may cause a lot of difficulties. Bringing into practice diagnostic tools such as: transcutaneous ultrasound, CT, MRI have met numerous limitations and obstacles. Apart from restrictions set by anatomical borders, other drawbacks of methods mentioned above are: high cost of single examination, expensive equipment and difficulties of access. In this paper the results of examination of 20 tongue tumors and 23 tonsil tumors carried out by means of endoral ultrasound are presented. Endoral ultrasound provided evaluation of size, localisation, extension and delimitation of and detect small nodules satellite to the predominant tumor mass. Evaluation of lesion echostructure enables to differentiate the tumor nature and advises to plan other diagnostic procedures.

[The use of mucolytic preparations (Mucosolvan) in nasal and paranasal sinuses in children]. / Zastosowanie leków mukolitycznych (Mucosolvan) w stanach zapalnych zatok przynosowych u dzieci.

In recent years there has been observed an increase in the infections of nose cavity and paranasal sinuses. This phenomenon is connected with a multidirectional alergization of the environment also with the insufficiency of conservative and surgical treatment. Messerklinger's research concerning cilial movements of mucosa in nasal and paranasal sinuses together with his endoscopic experiments are the basic for modern therapy of nasal and paranasal sinuses. In this paper 40 cases of acute and chronic inflammation of paranasal sinuses in children between 3 and 16 years of age were presented. In all cases regardless of the used method of conservative or surgical treatment children were given mucolytic preparations in the form of Mucosolvan by Boehringer Ingelheim. In all observed cases we noticed the shortening of the normal period of the antiinflammatory antibiotic treatment. A part from that, mucolitic preparations due to the decrease of mucous adhesiveness to the walls of paranasal sinuses allow for its evacuation largely decreasing the pain. After FESS treatment, the administration mucolytic preparations causes a factor regeneration of cilial epithelium, proper functioning of cilia and the speeding of mucocilial trnasport, which makes the recovery of an ill child much quicker.