Frequency of skin cancer among psoriasis, vitiligo, and mycosis fungoides patients treated with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy.

BACKGROUND: Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy is a popular and relatively contemporary treatment option. However, only a few studies to date have explored the potential risk of skin cancer following NB-UVB treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the potential long-term risk of skin cancer in patients treated with NB-UVB. METHODS: This cohort study included patients with psoriasis, vitiligo, and mycosis fungoides treated with NB-UVB at two university hospitals in Israel in 2000-2005. Patients were followed up for skin cancer for at least 10 years. Data were extracted from the hospital and community medical records. RESULTS: A total of 767 patients were included in this study: 509 with psoriasis, 122 with vitiligo, and 136 with mycosis fungoides. The mean follow-up duration was 13 years. Among these patients, 4.43% developed skin cancer during the follow-up (3.93% had psoriasis, 2.46% had vitiligo, and 8.09% had mycosis fungoides). Old age and fair skin type were the only significant independent risk factors for skin cancer. There was no significant difference in the mean number of NB-UVB treatments among patients who developed skin cancer and those who did not (99.09 vs. 94.79, respectively). CONCLUSION: No association was observed between the number of NB-UVB treatments and carcinogenesis in any study group. Age is a significant risk factor, and older patients treated with NB-UVB should be followed up carefully.

Anterior reconstruction of the esophageal hiatus: a novel approach for the repair of large diaphragmatic hernias.

Introduction: Paraesophageal hernias (PEH) often require surgical repair. The standard approach, primary posterior hiatal repair, has been associated with a high recurrence rate. Over the past few years, we have developed a new approach for repairing these hernias, which we believe restores the original anatomy and physiology of the esophageal hiatus. Our technique includes anterior crural reconstruction with routine anterior mesh reinforcement and fundoplication. Objective: To determine the safety and the clinical success of anterior crural reconstruction with routine mesh reinforcement. Material and methods: Data were collected retrospectively on 178 consecutive patients who had a laparoscopic repair of a symptomatic primary or recurrent PEH between 2011 and 2021 using the above technique. The primary outcome was clinical success, and the secondary outcome was 30 days of major complications and patient satisfaction. This was assessed by imaging tests, gastroscopies, and clinical follow-up. Results: Mean follow-up was 65 (SD 37.1) months. No intraoperative or 30 days postoperative mortality or major complications were recorded. Recurrence rate requiring a re-operation was 8.4% (15/178). Radiological and gastroenterological evidence of minor type 1 recurrence was 8.9%. Conclusion: This novel technique is safe with satisfactory long-term results. The outcome of our study will hopefully motivate future randomized control trials.

Dermoscopic features of basal cell carcinoma and its subtypes: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Multiple studies have reported on dermoscopic structures in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and its subtypes, with varying results. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the prevalence of dermoscopic structures in BCC and its subtypes. METHODS: Databases and reference lists were searched for relevant trials according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were assessed for the relative proportion of BCC dermoscopic features. Random-effects models were used to estimate summary effect sizes. RESULTS: Included were 31 studies consisting of 5950 BCCs. The most common dermoscopic features seen in BCC were arborizing vessels (59%), shiny white structures (49%), and large blue-grey ovoid nests (34%). Arborizing vessels, ulceration, and blue-grey ovoid nests and globules were most common in nodular BCC; short-fine telangiectasia, multiple small erosions, and leaf-like, spoke wheel and concentric structures in superficial BCC; porcelain white areas and arborizing vessels in morpheaform BCC; and arborizing vessels and ulceration in infiltrative BCC. LIMITATIONS: Studies had significant heterogeneity. Studies reporting BCC histopathologic subtypes did not provide clinical data on pigmentation of lesions. CONCLUSION: In addition to arborizing vessels, shiny white structures are a common feature of BCC. A constellation of dermoscopic features may aid in differentiating between BCC histopathologic subtypes.

The diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy for basal cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Dermoscopy is a noninvasive technique for the diagnosis of skin lesions. Its accuracy for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has not been systematically studied. OBJECTIVE: We sought to systematically investigate the accuracy of dermoscopy for the diagnosis of BCC compared with examination with the naked eye. METHODS: A systematic review of studies reporting the accuracy of naked eye examination and dermoscopy for the diagnosis of BCC was conducted. A meta-analysis for sensitivity and specificity was performed using a bivariate mixed-effects logistic regression modeling framework. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were identified. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of dermoscopy for the diagnosis of BCC were 91.2% and 95%, respectively. In studies comparing test performance, adding dermoscopy to naked eye examination improved sensitivity from 66.9% to 85% (P = .0001) and specificity from 97.2% to 98.2% (P = .006). The sensitivity and specificity of dermoscopy were higher for pigmented than nonpigmented BCC. Sensitivity increased when dermoscopy was performed by experts and when the diagnosis was based on in-person dermoscopy as opposed to dermoscopic photographs. LIMITATIONS: Significant heterogeneity among studies with a medium-to-high risk of bias. CONCLUSION: Dermoscopy is a sensitive and specific add-on tool for the diagnosis of BCC. It is especially valuable for pigmented BCC.

Association of bullous pemphigoid with malignancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Studies evaluating whether malignancy rate is increased in patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) have reached conflicting results. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether BP is associated with malignancy. METHOD: Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, and reference lists of included studies were searched for comparative studies that evaluated the relationship between BP and malignancy. Data were analyzed on the basis of study design: cross-sectional, case control, and cohort. A meta-analysis was performed by using a random effects model to estimate pooled odds ratio. RESULTS: The review included 8 studies. No association between BP and overall cancer was found for any of the study designs. Although a single cohort study reported an association with lymphoid leukemia and kidney and larynx cancer, a pooled analysis of case-control studies did not. A pooled analysis of cross-sectional studies found a significant association between BP and hematologic malignancies. LIMITATIONS: The paucity of well-designed studies hindered the possibility of proving or disproving the BP-cancer association. CONCLUSION: We did not find an association of BP with overall malignancy, but a possible association with hematologic malignancy was observed.