Synergistic Effects of MOFs and Noble Metals in Photocatalytic Reactions: Mechanisms and Applications.

Photocatalytic technology can efficiently convert solar energy to chemical energy and this process is considered as one of the green and sustainable technology for practical implementation. In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted widespread attention due to their unique advantages and have been widely applied in the field of photocatalysis. Among them, noble metals have contributed significant advances to the field as effective catalysts in photocatalytic reactions. Importantly, noble metals can also form a synergistic catalytic effect with MOFs to further improve the efficiency of photocatalytic reactions. However, how to precisely control the synergistic effect between MOFs and noble metals to improve the photocatalytic performance of materials still needs to be further studied. In this review, the synergistic effects of MOFs and noble metal catalysts in photocatalytic reactions are firstly summarized in terms of noble metal nanoparticles, noble metal monoatoms, noble metal compounds, and noble metal complexes, and focus on the mechanisms and advantages of these synergistic effects, so as to provide useful guidance for the further research and application of MOFs and contribute to the development of the field of photocatalysis.

Progress on the relationship between tumor suppressor PDCD4 and diseases based on the analysis of structural characteristics.

The tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is downregulated in various tumor tissues indicating poor prognosis. PDCD4 is the first protein found to resist tumor transformation, invasion, and metastasis by inhibiting translation. The functions of PDCD4 dependent on its structures are affected by extracellular signals. It regulates tumor-related proteins through a variety of mechanisms, especially involved in two major signaling pathways, PI3K-Akt-mTOR and MAPK. By analyzing the relationship between the structures, functions and diseases of PDCD4, this review summarizes the roles of PDCD4 in several physiological processes and diseases such as apoptosis, autophagy, tumor, and inflammation in recent years, thereby providing insights for the study of the signaling pathways of PDCD4 and related proteins and the treatment of diseases targeting them.

[Impact of different angles of pulmonary surfactant administration on bronchopulmonaryplasia and intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants: a prospective randomized controlled study]. / ä¸åŒè§’åº¦æ³¨å ¥è‚ºè¡¨é¢æ´»æ€§ç‰©è´¨å¯¹æ—©äº§å„¿æ”¯æ°”ç®¡è‚ºå‘è‚²ä¸è‰¯å’Œé¢ å† å‡ºè¡€çš„å½±å“ï¼šä¸€é¡¹å‰çž»æ€§éšæœºå¯¹ç §ç ”ç©¶.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of different angles of pulmonary surfactant (PS) administration on the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on 146 preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks) admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from January 2019 to May 2023. The infants were randomly assigned to different angles for injection of pulmonary surfactant groups: 0° group (34 cases), 30° group (36 cases), 45° group (38 cases), and 60° group (38 cases). Clinical indicators and outcomes were compared among the groups. RESULTS: The oxygenation index was lower in the 60° group compared with the other three groups, with shorter invasive ventilation time and oxygen use time, and a lower incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia than the other three groups (P<0.05). The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage was lower in the 60° group compared to the 0° group (P<0.05). The cure rate in the 60° group was higher than that in the 0° group and the 30° group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical efficacy of injection of pulmonary surfactant at a 60° angle is higher than other angles, reducing the incidence of intracranial hemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.

XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan protects triptolide-induced rats from oxidative stress injury via mitophagy mediated PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway.

PURPOSE: XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan (XJCRTSZW) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound for invigorating the kidney, nourishing blood, and promoting blood circulation. This study aimed to explore the effect of XJCRTSZW on triptolide (TP)-induced oxidative stress injury. METHODS: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats and human ovarian granulosa cell lines were treated with TP and XJCRTSZW. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, CCK-8, JC-1 staining, transmission electron microscopy, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting were performed in this study. RESULTS: XJCRTSZW treatment observably ameliorated the TP-induced pathological symptoms. Furthermore, XJCRTSZW treatment observably enhanced the TP-induced reduction of estradiol, anti-Mullerian hormone, progesterone, superoxide dismutase, ATP content, mitochondrial membrane potential, p62, and Hsp60 mRNA, and protein levels in vivo and in vitro (p < 0.05). However, TP-induced elevation of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone concentrations, malondialdehyde levels, reactive oxygen species levels, apoptosis rate, mitophagy, and the mRNA and protein expressions of LC3-II/LC3-I, PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), and Parkin were decreased (p < 0.05). In addition, XJCRTSZW treatment markedly increased cell viability in vitro (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: XJCRTSZW protects TP-induced rats from oxidative stress injury via the mitophagy-mediated PINK1/Parkin pathway.

Upregulation of POC1A in lung adenocarcinoma promotes tumour progression and predicts poor prognosis.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is characterized by a high incidence rate and mortality. Recently, POC1 centriolar protein A (POC1A) has emerged as a potential biomarker for various cancers, contributing to cancer onset and development. However, the association between POC1A and LUAD remains unexplored. We extracted The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets to analyse the differential expression of POC1A and its relationship with clinical stage. Additionally, we performed diagnostic receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of POC1A in LUAD. Furthermore, we investigated the correlation between POC1A expression and immune infiltration, tumour mutation burden (TMB), immune checkpoint expression and drug sensitivity. Finally, we verified POC1A expression using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cell experiments were conducted to validate the effect of POC1A expression on the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. POC1A exhibited overexpression in most tumour tissues, and its overexpression in LUAD was significantly correlated with late-stage presentation and poor prognosis. The high POC1A expression group showed lower levels of immune infiltration but higher levels of immune checkpoint expression and TMB. Moreover, the high POC1A expression group demonstrated sensitivity to multiple drugs. In vitro experiments confirmed that POC1A knockdown led to decreased proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells. Our findings suggest that POC1A may contribute to tumour development by modulating the cell cycle and immune cell infiltration. It also represents a potential therapeutic target and marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of LUAD.

Investigation and analysis of the status of myopia and related behavior in children and adolescents in Northeast Sichuan.

PURPOSE: In this study, we examined the current status of myopia among primary and secondary school children in northeastern Sichuan to analyze the factors connected to myopia and provide data support and a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of myopia. METHODS: Using a cross-sectional study and a comprehensive sampling survey, 34,138 students aged 5-19 years were screened for refraction in 22 primary and secondary schools in Langzhong, and 4000 behavioral questionnaires were delivered at random. After evaluation and rational problem-solving, a total of 3764 valid questionnaires were obtained. SPSS 23.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The percentage of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Langzhong was 65.61%, with female students having a higher rate than male students ( P < 0.05); 52.81% of primary school students, 86.26% of secondary school students, and 88.17% of high school students had myopia. The incidence of myopia detection increased with school age ( P < 0.001), indicating a correlation between age and myopia prevalence. The prevalence of myopia was mainly low (40.53%) and moderate myopia (19.89%). The prevalence of high myopia (5.19%) was relatively high. The prevalence of myopia among female students (5.54%) was greater than that in male students ( P < 0.05) and increased with age ( P < 0.001). The proportion of students who wore eyeglasses was 24.36%, with a larger proportion of female students (25.93%) than male students (22.61%) ( P < 0.001). In addition, the rate of eyeglass use increased with school age ( P < 0.001). A logistic regression analysis revealed that higher grade point averages, female gender, and long-term usage of electronic items were risk factors for myopia. The results of the questionnaire survey revealed that students in this region were under immense pressure to perform well academically, spent a lot of time engaged in near-work activities, and had a low rate of myopia awareness; 24.43% of the students had not had a vision examination in the previous year, indicating that parents did not pay sufficient attention to eye health. CONCLUSION: The incidence of myopia among children and teenagers is high in Northeast Sichuan, and the outlook for addressing the problem is bleak. Therefore, it is critical to improve vision monitoring and eye health education.

Swyer syndrome with gonadal non-dysgerminoma malignant germ cell tumors: a report of 15 cases in a national medical center / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, treatment, and survival outcomes of Swyer syndrome with gonadal non-dysgerminoma malignant germ cell tumor (MGCT-NDG). Methods: A retrospective study was performed on Swyer syndrome patients with MGCT-NDG between January 2011 and December 2022 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital to investigate their characteristics and outcomes. Results: A total of 15 patients (4.9%, 15/307) with Swyer syndrome were identified in 307 MGCT-NDG patients. The average age at diagnosis of MGCT-NDG and Swyer syndrome were (16.8±6.7) and (16.7±6.6) years, respectively. Six cases were preoperatively diagnosed as Swyer syndrome, of which 4 cases received bilateral gonadectomy with or without hysterectomy, while the other 2 cases underwent removal of gonadal tumor and unilateral gonadectomy with hysterectomy, respectively. Of the 9 patients postoperatively diagnosed as Swyer syndrome, unilateral gonadectomy, removal of gonadal tumor, and unilateral gonadectomy with hysterectomy were performed in 6 patients, 2 patients, and 1 patient, respectively. Mixed malignant germ cell tumor (MGCT;10 cases), yolk sac tumor (4 cases), and immature teratoma (1 case) were the pathological subtypes, in the descending order. There were International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage Ⅰ in 6 cases, stage Ⅱ in 3 cases, stage Ⅲ in 5 cases, and stage Ⅳ in 1 case, respectively. Eleven patients received reoperation for residual gonadectomy after a average delay of (7.9±6.2) months, including 8 MGCT-NDG patients and 1 gonadoblastoma patient, no tumor involved was seen in the remaining gonads in the other 2 cases. Ten patients experienced at least one recurrence, with a median event free survival of 9 months (5, 30 months), of which 2 patients received surgery only at the time of initial treatment. All patients with recurrence received surgery and combined with postoperative chemotherapy. After a median follow-up of 25 months (15, 42 months), 10 patients were disease-free, 3 patients died of the tumor, 1 died of side effects of leukemia chemotherapy, and 1 survived with disease. Conclusion: The incidence rate of Swyer syndrome in patients with MGCT-NDG is about 4.9%; timely diagnosis and bilateral gonadectomy should be emphasized to reduce the risk of reoperation and second carcinogenesis in this population.

Research progress on mTOR signaling pathway and regulatory T cell nutrition metabolic regulation mechanism / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

In the tumor microenvironment, metabolic reprogramming can impact metabolic characteristics of T cells, thus inducing immunosuppression to promote tumor immune escape. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating diverse functions of various immune cells. This review mainly focuses on the molecular mechanism of mTOR signaling in regulating cellular energy metabolism process, and the activation status of mTOR signaling under different nutritional environments. In addition, it also summarizes the role of the mTOR signaling in regulatory T cell (Tregs) metabolism and function in current studies, and evaluates the potential of mTOR as a clinical immunotherapeutic target and its current application challenges.

Synthesis of Luminescent Indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ones via a Sequential Ugi/Iodine-Promoted Cyclization/Staudinger/Aza-Wittig Reaction.

A new efficient synthesis of indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ones via a sequential Ugi/iodine-promoted cyclization/Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction was developed. The acid catalyzed three-component reactions of 2-azidobenzaldehydes, 2-[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethynyl]benzenamines (or o-aminoacetophenones), and isocyanides gave Ugi-3CR intermediates, which reacted subsequently with I2/DMSO and triphenylphosphine to produce indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ones in good overall yields. The obtained indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ones were all colored in bright red or orange. Their luminescent property was studied preliminarily and some of them showed high molar absorption coefficients, strong fluorescence emission intensity, and good absolute light quantum yields.

Analysis of Nucleoporin 107 Overexpression and Its Association with Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Bioinformatics Methods.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has high morbidity and mortality. Current studies indicate nucleoporin 107 (NUP107) is involved in the construction of nuclear pore complex, and NUP107 overexpression contributes to the growth and development in most types of cancers, but its effect in LUAD has not been elucidated. Methods: Differences in NUP107 expression were investigated using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and multiple Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets. Enrichment analysis were implemented to probe the NUP107 function. The association of NUP107 with the degree of immune cell infiltration was investigated by the TIMER database, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and ESTIMATE. The association of NUP107 expression with tumor mutation burden (TMB), TP53, and immune checkpoint was analyzed. Single-cell RNA sequencing data were used to detect NUP107 expression in different cell clusters. Finally, we performed real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to prove the difference of NUP107 expression. Results: NUP107 was overexpressed in LUAD and mainly expressed in cancer stem cell (CSC). Overexpression of NUP107 in LUAD suggested a poorer prognosis. Functional enrichment analysis pointed out that NUP107 was mainly linked to the regulation of cell cycle. Both immune cell infiltration and TMB were found to be in connection with NUP107. Cases in the group with high NUP107 expression had poorer immune infiltration, but had higher expression of immune checkpoints, TMB, and proportion of TP53 mutations. Conclusion: NUP107 is a sensitive diagnostic and prognostic factor for LUAD and may be involved in tumor progression through its effects on cell cycle and immune infiltration.

Long-term survival in esophagectomy for early-stage esophageal cancer versus endoscopic resection plus additional chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Esophagectomy is still advised as an additional treatment for patients with superficial esophageal cancer (EC, T1a-T1b) after endoscopic resection (ER). However, esophagectomy often deteriorates the general condition of EC patients. In recent years, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been recognized as a reliable, non-surgical treatment that can improve the prognosis. How to combine ER with adjuvant therapy to bring maximal benefits to patients has become a hot clinical research hot topic. However, the current studies have mostly been conducted retrospectively, in single centers, and with small clinical samples; there have been few prospective and large sample size randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes of adjuvant CRT versus esophagectomy in the treatment of early EC, and to provide a reference for clinical research and practice. Methods: A comprehensive and extensive literature search was performed via the databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science online and all randomized cohort studies and retrospective cohort studies were collected. The quality of research was evaluated according to Cochrane's quality standards, and statistical analysis was conducted with Stata 13.0 and RevMan 5.3 software and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: A total of 9 cohort studies, including 790 patients, were included for meta-analysis. The long term effects of the esophagectomy group were better than those of the CRT after ER group [odds ratio (OR) =6.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.96 to 18.84, P=0.002] in disease-free survival (DFS) [hazard ratio (HR) =0.24, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.85, P=0.03] and overall survival (OS) (HR =1.02, 95% CI: 0.57 to 1.82, P=0.94). Other survival indicators showed no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions: The 2 groups showed no significant results in OS. Although we found that CRT may be suitable for patients with high-risk of relapse or unable to tolerate surgery, it cannot totally replace surgical treatment; further randomized trials are required to verify this view.

Comprehensive analysis of protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 14B, a molecule related to tumorigenesis, poor prognosis, and immune cell infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between Protein Phosphatase 1 Regulatory Inhibitor Subunit 14B (PPP1R14B) and the occurrence of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHOD: PPP1R14B expression was investigated using various databases, and its molecular functions and pathways were evaluated using Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Then, the correlation between tumor mutations and PPP1R14B expression was analyzed. Furthermore, the regulation network and expression pathway axes of PPP1R14B were constructed. The correlation analysis between PPP1R14B and immune cell infiltration was performed using deconvolution algorithm analysis and the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the clinical samples were used for expression validation. RESULTS: PPP1R14B showed high expression in tumor tissue. PPP1R14B was associated with T and N stages and poor prognosis and was linked to the cell cycle, DNA repair, and low immune response. High PPP1R14B expression was associated with high tumor mutation rates. The upstream and downstream genes of PPP1R14B were identified, along with the construction of a protein-protein interaction network (PPI network) and the expression pathway axes of PPP1R14B. PPP1R14B expression was associated with poor immune cell infiltration and a negative correlation between PPP1R14B and mast cell and eosinophil infiltration. CONCLUSION: This study reveals high PPP1R14B expression in LUAD, its contribution to poor prognosis, molecular function, biological pathways, and impact on immune cell infiltration, and provides great insight into the role of PPP1R14B in LUAD tumorigenesis.

Stereoselective Synthesis of 12-Tetrazolyl Substituted (E)-5H-Quinazolino[3,2-a]quinazolines via Sequential Ugi-Azide/Staudinger/aza-Wittig/Addition/Ag(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization.

A new efficient and stereoselective synthesis of 12-tetrazolyl substituted (E)-5H-quinazolino[3,2-a]quinazolines via sequential Ugi-azide/Staudinger/aza-Wittig/addition/Ag(I)-catalyzed cyclization was developed. The four-component reactions of 2-azidobenzaldehyde, 2-(alkynyl)benzenamine, isocyanide, and trimethylsilyl azide gave Ugi-azide intermediates, which were subsequently treated with triphenylphosphine and isocyanate to produce 12-tetrazolyl substituted (E)-5H-quinazolino[3,2-a]quinazolines in the presence of Ag(I) catalyst and K2CO3.

Balloon compression, neuroendoscopy and electrophysiological monitoring-assisted retrosigmoid approach for resection of cholesteatoma in the cerebellopontine angle-Meckel's cave: a technical description.

We report a case of cholesteatoma that caused left facial pain with facial numbness. The tumour was located in the left cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and Meckel's cave. A balloon was first placed into Meckel's cave, and then, under electrophysiological monitoring, the tumour within the CPA cistern was resected via the retrosigmoid approach. The balloon was inflated in Meckel's cave to push the tumour out of Meckel's cave, and then, the tumour was completely removed under endoscopy. The symptoms, including pain and numbness, subsided after surgery.

Prognostic comparison of active surveillance and adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with stage Ⅰ ovarian immature teratoma after fertility-sparing surgery / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To compare the survival outcomes between surveillance and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage Ⅰ ovarian immature teratoma (IMT) underwent fertility-sparing surgery. Methods: Clinical and pathological records of patients with stage Ⅰ ovarian IMT between Jan. 2011 to Feb. 2023 were collected from Peking Union Medical College Hospital, except stage Ⅰa grade 1. The consultation of risks and benefits regarding adjuvant chemotherapy was conducted by gynecologic oncologists. A shared decision about surveillance or chemotherapy was made by physician and patients or their guardians. Patients who finally decided to undergo surveillance were included in the surveillance group (n=40), the others were included in the adjuvant chemotherapy group (n=63). Clinical characteristics, treatment and survival outcomes were analyzed and compared between two groups. Results: A total of 103 patients were included. The median age of initial diagnosis was 20 years old (range: 3-39 years old), and the median follow-up time was 31 months (range: 1-254 months). The age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, pathological grade, surgical method, and preoperative and postoperative alpha-fetoprotein levels in the surveillance group and the adjuvant chemotherapy group were similar (all P>0.05). The surgical approach and maximum tumor diameter between two groups were significantly different (all P<0.05). Forty patients of the surveillance group were identified, only one patient with stage Ⅰa grade 2 IMT who underwent cystectomy had malignant recurrence on the same ovary. Another 63 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery, five patients had malignant recurrence, and two of them died of disease progression after relapsed. There were no significant differences in disease-free survival (DFS;20 vs 36 months) and overall survival (OS; 23 vs 39 months) between the surveillance group and the adjuvant chemotherapy group (follow-up time censored at 72 months; DFS: P=0.325, OS: P=0.278). Conclusions: There are no differences in survival outcomes between patients with stage Ⅰ ovarian IMT underwent adjuvant chemotherapy or not. Active surveillance might be safe and preferable in stage Ⅰ IMT patients underwent complete resection of tumor.

Value of postoperative radiotherapy and analysis of prognostic factors in early-stage neuroendocrine carcinoma of cervix / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the effect of postoperative radiotherapy and high-risk pathological factors on the prognosis of early-stage neuroendocrine carcinoma of cervix (NECC). Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study of early-stage NECC in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2011 to April 2022 were enrolled. The patients were treated with radical hysterectomy±adjuvant treatment. They were divided into postoperative non-radiation group and postoperative radiation group. The possible postoperative recurrence risk factors identified by univariate analysis were assessed using multivariate logistic regression. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), recurrence rate, and mortality rate. Results: (1) Sixty-two cases were included in the study, including 33 cases in postoperative non-radiation group and 29 cases in postoperative radiation group. (2) The median follow-up time was 37 months (ranged 12-116 months), with 23 cases (37%) experienced recurrences. There were 7 cases (11%) pelvic recurrences and 20 cases (32%) distant recurrences, in which including 4 cases (6%) both pelvic and distant recurrences. Compared with postoperative non-radiation group, the postoperative radiation group had a lower pelvic recurrence rate (18% vs 3%; P=0.074) but without statistic difference, a slightly elevated distant recurrence rate (24% vs 41%; P=0.150) and overall recurrence rate (33% vs 41%; P=0.513) without statistically significances. Univariate analysis showed that lymph-vascular space invasion and the depth of cervical stromal invasion≥1/2 were risk factors for postoperative recurrence (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed lymph-vascular space invasion was an independent predictor for postoperative recurrence (OR=23.03, 95%CI: 3.55-149.39, P=0.001). (3) During the follow-up period, 18 cases (29%, 18/62) died with tumor, with 10 cases (30%, 10/33) in postoperative non-radiation group and 8 cases (28%, 8/29) in postoperative radiation group, without significant difference (P=0.814). The postoperative 3-year and 5-year survival rate was 79.2%, 60.8%. The depth of cervical stromal invasion≥1/2 was more common in postoperative radiation group (27% vs 64%; P=0.011), and postoperative radiation in such patients showed an extended trend in PFS (32.3 vs 53.9 months) and OS (39.4 vs 73.4 months) but without statistic differences (P=0.704, P=0.371). Compared with postoperative non-radiation group, the postoperative radiation did not improve PFS (54.5 vs 37.3 months; P=0.860) and OS (56.2 vs 62.4 months; P=0.550) in patients with lymph-vascular space invasion. Conclusions: Postoperative radiation in early-stage NECC patients has a trend to reduce pelvic recurrence but not appear to decrease distant recurrence and overall recurrence, and has not improved mortality. For patients with the depth of cervical stromal invasion≥1/2, postoperative radiation has a trend of prolonging OS and PFS but without statistic difference. Lymph-vascular space invasion is an independent predictor for postoperative recurrence, but postoperative radiation in such patients does not seem to have any survival benefits.

Refractive outcomes after intrascleral fixation of posterior intraocular lens / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the refractive outcomes after intrascleral fixation of posterior intraocular lens(IOL).METHODS: Retrospective clinical study. A total of 55 patients(55 eyes)who had undergone intrascleral fixation of posterior IOL in Peking University International Hospital from March 2017 to December 2021 were enrolled. Patients were assigned to conventional group(35 eyes)and modified group(20 eyes)according to different surgical procedures. IOL Master combined with SRK/T formula were applied to calculate the diopter of IOL and the residual refractive power, as well as acquiring preoperative values of corneal astigmatism. Optometry, IOL Master and Pentacam were performed 1 and 3mo postoperatively to obtain the postoperative corneal astigmatism, total ocular astigmatism and spherical equivalent which was calculated as the actual diopter. The Image-pro plus analyzer was used to measure the values of IOL tilt and decentration.RESULTS: The 55 eyes that underwent intrascleral fixation of posterior IOL presented hyperopic shift in refraction after operation and the refractive error was 0.75±0.63D at 3mo postoperatively. There was significant difference between the actual diopter and the residual diopter at 3mo after operation(t=2.553, P=0.011). Both conventional group and modified group showed hyperopic shift postoperatively. The refractive error at 1 and 3mo after operation were 0.80±0.43 and 0.84±0.46D in the conventional group and 0.43±0.39 and 0.47±0.26D in the modified group respectively, with significant differences between two groups(1mo: t=3.500, P=0.001; 3mo: t=3.311, P=0.002). There was no significant difference in corneal astigmatism between two groups both at 1 and 3mo postoperatively(all P<0.05). Total ocular astigmatism in the modified group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group(1mo: t=3.884, P<0.001; 3mo: t=3.314, P=0.002). In addition, IOL tilt and decentration in the modified group were significantly less than that in the conventional group at 1 and 3mo postoperatively(all P<0.05). No significant difference was found in IOL tilt and decentration for intra-group comparison at 1 and 3mo postoperatively(P<0.05). Complications of 55 eyes included 2 eyes of transient intraocular pressure elevation, 2 eyes of transient hypotony which recovered after topical medication and 1 eye of vitreous hemorrhage which resolved spontaneously.CONCLUSION: Intrascleral fixation of posterior IOL is proved to be a safe and effective surgical technique, with hyperopic shift easily present after operation. Increasing the refractive power of IOL and targeting mild myopia during IOL power calculation can prevent postoperative hyperopia, but long-term outcomes still need further observation.

Acupuncture at "umbilical four-acupoints" for chronic insomnia and its comorbid symptoms / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of acupuncture at "umbilical four-acupoints" on chronic insomnia and its comorbid symptoms.@*METHODS@#A total of 120 patients with chronic insomnia were randomly divided into an observation group (60 cases, 8 cases dropped off) and a control group (60 cases, 5 cases dropped off). The patients in the observation group were treated with acupuncture at regular acupoints (Baihui [GV 20] and bilateral Shenmen [HT 7], Neiguan [PC 6], Anmian [Extra]) and "umbilical four-acupoints", while the patients in the control group were treated with acupuncture at regular acupoints. Acupuncture was given once a day, 6 times a week, for a total of 3 weeks in the two groups. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), insomnia severity index (ISI) scores were observed before treatment, after treatment and in follow-up of one month after treatment completion; the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), fatigue severity scale (FSS), and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) scores were observed before and after treatment; the sleep parameters of polysomnography (PSG), including sleep latency (SL), awake-up time (AT), sleep efficiency (SE) and total sleep time (TST), were observed before and after treatment using polysomnography monitor in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those before treatment, the PSQI and ISI scores in both groups were reduced after treatment and in follow-up (P<0.05), and the PSQI and ISI scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after treatment and in follow-up (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the BAI, BDI, FSS and ESS scores in both groups were reduced after treatment (P<0.05), and the BAI, BDI, FSS and ESS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group after treatment (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the SL and AT in both groups were reduced after treatment (P<0.05), while SE and TST were increased after treatment (P<0.05); after treatment, the SL and AT in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), while SE and TST in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of regular acupoint selection, acupuncture at "umbilical four-acupoints" could improve sleep quality, alleviate the severity of insomnia, and improve the comorbid symptoms i.e. anxiety, depression, fatigue and lethargy in patients with chronic insomnia.

Identification of the antidepressant fraction and its major chemical constituents of Radix Paeoniae Alba / 药学学报

The goal of this work was to investigate the antidepressant fraction from Radix Paeoniae Alba and identify its major chemical constituents. Corticosterone injured rat phaeochromocytoma (PC12) cells and behavioral despair depression models of mice were used to evaluate the antidepressant effects of Radix Paeoniae Alba (Bai-Shao) ethanol extract (BS-E) and its three fractions (BS-10E, BS-60E, BS-95E) isolated by macroporous resin column chromatography. Animal experimental procedures were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (approval No.: SLXD-20210618051). The results showed that BS-E, BS-10E and BS-60E had protective effects against PC12 cells injury induced by corticosterone, among which BS-60E had the strongest protective effect. BS-60E could significantly shorten the time of forced swimming and tail suspension in despair depression models of mice, and was identified as the antidepressant fraction of Radix Paeoniae Alba. The major chemical constituents in the antidepressant fraction were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), and their proposed fragmentation pathways in MS spectra were deduced. A total of 79 chemical constituents were identified from BS-60E, including 36 monoterpenes, 34 polyphenols, 6 oligosaccharides, and 3 other constituents, and monoterpenes and polyphenols may be major effective constituents of BS-60E.

Effect of perioperative occupational therapy on patients after total knee arthroplasty / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo observe the early and mid-term clinical effect of occupational therapy on patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) during perioperative period. MethodsFrom July to August, 2018, 100 patients who underwent the first TKA in the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC were divided into control group (n = 50) and observation group (n = 50) according to the treatment plan. Both groups received routine preoperative rehabilitation education, surgical treatment and postoperative physical therapy, in addition, the observation group received perioperative occupational therapy. They were assessed with modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) before operation; one, two and three days after operation; on the day of discharge; one month, three months and six months after operation. ResultsOne day, two days, one month, three months and six months after operation, the scores of MBI were higher in the observation group than in the control group (t > 2.113, P < 0.05). One month, three months after operation, the scores of IADL were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (t > 5.125, P < 0.001). The postoperative hospitalization time was significantly shorter (t = -5.356, P < 0.001), and the total treatment cost was lower (t = -2.455, P < 0.05) in the observation group than in the control group. ConclusionOccupational therapy could effectively improve the early and mid-term activities of daily living of TKA patients and help them return to normal life earlier.